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Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic
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Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Hazards and Sustainability".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 25819

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Mario Sprovieri

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IAS-CNR—Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the marine environment of the National Research Council of Italy, 00146 Roma, Italy
Interests: biogeochemistry; environmental science; marine geochemistry; environment and health
Dr. Salvatore Passaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ISMAR-CNR—National Research Council of Italy, 00146 Roma, Italy
Interests: marine geomorphology; coastal and marine volcanism; cartography; hazard; coastal archaeology; coastal and marine pollution
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alcide Giorgio di Sarra

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ENEA Centro Ricerche Casaccia, 00123 Santa Maria di Galeria RM, Italy
Interests: atmospheric science; satellite monitoring; climate observation; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fabio Badalamenti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IAS-CNR—Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the marine environment of the National Research Council of Italy, 00146 Roma, Italy
Interests: marine ecology; seagrass ecology; marine protected areas
Dr. Fedra Francocci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
IAS-CNR—Institute for the study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the marine environment of the National Research Council of Italy, 00146 Roma, Italy
Interests: circular bioeconomy; bioremediation; bio-based value chains; policy strategies to support the social, environmental, and economic benefits of a bio-based society

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aim of this Special Issue is to present the state-of-the-art and recent/future scientific/technological trajectories in the field of Marine Hazards and Sustainability. In particular, some specific topics, beyond the classical aspects related to risks by volcanoes, earthquakes, landfills, floods, tsunamis, etc., represent the core of the article collection which directly focuses on anthropogenic impacts with potential effects of deep and coastal marine environment deterioration. Primarily invited are contributions which explore synergies among scientific research, industrial evolution, and decision-making and management systems in the relevant sectors of marine hazard. In this sector, the economies of many countries are deeply involved in terms of strategic challenges for sustainable development. In particular, four macro-areas of primary interest in terms of hazard mitigation and sustainable restoration/recovery, in both coastal and deep marine environments, have been selected. All these areas are particularly relevant for ecosystem and human health and represent the main focus of this collection.

Specifically, a) development of new scientific and technological approaches for mitigation of mining activities in the marine environment, particularly the deep system, b) development of new integrated conceptual and technological systems for remediation and recovery of contaminated sediments, c) development of integrated observation platforms for monitoring the marine–coastal system and mitigating anthropogenic and natural impacts in the marine environment, and d) development of integrated actions of mitigation/environmental recovery of degraded marine-coastal areas through the restoration of Posidonia oceanica meadows and/or alternative marine organisms. A specific focus is dedicated to the socioeconomic analysis with respect to the application of the proposed methods. This finding will support the development of productive and sustainable marine environmental policy systems.

Dr. Mario Sprovieri
Dr. Salvatore Passaro
Dr. Alcide Giorgio di Sarra
Dr. Fabio Badalamenti
Dr. Fedra Francocci
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sustainability is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine hazards
  • mitigation
  • remediation and restoration
  • deep sea mining
  • satellite and observing systems
  • Posidonia oceanica
  • circular bioeconomy

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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27 pages, 13596 KiB  
Article
Satellite Multi/Hyper Spectral HR Sensors for Mapping the Posidonia oceanica in South Mediterranean Islands
by Flavio Borfecchia, Carla Micheli, Luigi De Cecco, Gianmaria Sannino, Maria Vittoria Struglia, Alcide Giorgio Di Sarra, Carlo Gomez and Giuliana Mattiazzo
Sustainability 2021, 13(24), 13715; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413715 - 12 Dec 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3247
Abstract
The Mediterranean basin is a hot spot of climate change where the Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile (PO) and other seagrasses are under stress due to its effect on marine coastal habitats and the rising influence of anthropogenic activities (i.e., tourism, fishery). The PO [...] Read more.
The Mediterranean basin is a hot spot of climate change where the Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile (PO) and other seagrasses are under stress due to its effect on marine coastal habitats and the rising influence of anthropogenic activities (i.e., tourism, fishery). The PO and seabed ecosystems, in the coastal environments of Pantelleria and Lampedusa, suffer additional growing impacts from tourism in synergy with specific stress factors due to increasing vessel traffic for supplying potable water and fossil fuels for electrical power generation. Earth Observation (EO) data, provided by high resolution (HR) multi/hyperspectral operative satellite sensors of the last generation (i.e., Sentinel 2 MSI and PRISMA) have been successfully tested, using innovative calibration and sea truth collecting methods, for monitoring and mapping of PO meadows under stress, in the coastal waters of these islands, located in the Sicily Channel, to better support the sustainable management of these vulnerable ecosystems. The area of interest in Pantelleria was where the first prototype of the Italian Inertial Sea Wave Energy Converter (ISWEC) for renewable energy production was installed in 2015, and sea truth campaigns on the PO meadows were conducted. The PO of Lampedusa coastal areas, impacted by ship traffic linked to the previous factors and tropicalization effects of Italy’s southernmost climate change transitional zone, was mapped through a multi/hyper spectral EO-based approach, using training/testing data provided by side scan sonar data, previously acquired. Some advanced machine learning algorithms (MLA) were successfully evaluated with different supervised regression/classification models to map seabed and PO meadow classes and related Leaf Area Index (LAI) distributions in the areas of interest, using multi/hyperspectral data atmospherically corrected via different advanced approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic)
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13 pages, 1168 KiB  
Article
Stakeholders’ Attitudes about the Transplantations of the Mediterranean Seagrass Posidonia oceanica as a Habitat Restoration Measure after Anthropogenic Impacts: A Q Methodology Approach
by Arturo Zenone, Carlo Pipitone, Giovanni D’Anna, Barbara La Porta, Tiziano Bacci, Fabio Bertasi, Claudia Bulleri, Anna Cacciuni, Sebastiano Calvo, Stefano Conconi, Maria Flavia Gravina, Cecilia Mancusi, Alessandro Piazzi, Monica Targusi, Agostino Tomasello and Fabio Badalamenti
Sustainability 2021, 13(21), 12216; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112216 - 5 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2198
Abstract
Anthropogenic impacts on Posidonia oceanica meadows have led to a decline of this ecosystem throughout the Mediterranean. Transplantations have often been prescribed as a compensation measure to mitigate the impacts caused by coastal maritime works. Here a Q methodology approach was used to [...] Read more.
Anthropogenic impacts on Posidonia oceanica meadows have led to a decline of this ecosystem throughout the Mediterranean. Transplantations have often been prescribed as a compensation measure to mitigate the impacts caused by coastal maritime works. Here a Q methodology approach was used to investigate the stakeholders’ attitudes in four case studies of P. oceanica transplants realized in Italian waters. Twenty-two respondents were asked to score 37 statements, and the resultant Q-sorting was analyzed via an inverse PCA using the KADE software. Four discourses, corresponding to the significant axes in the factorial analysis were identified: science and conservation (F1), oriented at a rigorous scientific approach; engineering and industry (F2), oriented at the economic development; environmentalism and participation (F3), oriented at the conservation of seagrass meadows; and transplantation-oriented (F4), oriented at the realization of transplants as compensation measures. The main conflicts and agreements between discourses are assessed and discussed, based on the analysis of the distinguishing statements that contributed to consensus or disagreement among discourses. The benefits of the Q methodology in the identification and mediation of conflicts in the four case studies are discussed, and its potential as a powerful aid in the development of a good environmental governance is acknowledged. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic)
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14 pages, 589 KiB  
Communication
Science for Good Environmental Status: A European Joint Action to Support Marine Policy
by Mario Sprovieri, Maurizio Ribera d’Alcalà, Patrick Roose, Aldo Drago, Karien De Cauwer, Federico Falcini, Inga Lips, Chiara Maggi, Aourell Mauffret, Jacek Tronczynski, Christina Zeri and Pier Francesco Moretti
Sustainability 2021, 13(15), 8664; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13158664 - 3 Aug 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2905
Abstract
In the last decade, several initiatives have been taken at a European level to adopt the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) by promoting coordination and stimulating integrated actions leading to consistent views on its final goal: the achievement of good environmental status (GES). [...] Read more.
In the last decade, several initiatives have been taken at a European level to adopt the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) by promoting coordination and stimulating integrated actions leading to consistent views on its final goal: the achievement of good environmental status (GES). In its holistic approach, the MSFD fully acknowledges the complexity and variability of marine ecosystems and demands constant scientific support for its actual implementation. Recently, the Joint Programming Initiative on “Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans” (JPI Oceans) launched the joint action “Science for Good Environmental Status” (Science4GES), building on the contribution of different scientific disciplines and communities to better fulfill the scope of the MSFD. In this paper we illustrate and discuss a few crucial aspects of endeavors to implement the MSFD specifically implied in the definition of the metrics for the 11 descriptors and GES in its complexity, as well as improving the strategy governing its implementation. This presentation also describes the challenges, aims and implementation plan for the JPI-O joint action, where a transdisciplinary approach may help in progressing from the comprehensive and far-reaching vision of the MSFD to the achievement of a durable GES. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic)
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Review

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16 pages, 3607 KiB  
Review
The Tyrrhenian Sea Circulation: A Review of Recent Work
by Roberto Iacono, Ernesto Napolitano, Massimiliano Palma and Gianmaria Sannino
Sustainability 2021, 13(11), 6371; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116371 - 3 Jun 2021
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4241
Abstract
Knowledge about marine circulation and its variability is a basic requirement for the correct management of activities aimed at exploiting marine resources and for the prevention and eventual mitigation of the risks involved. The activities of the Marine Hazard Project, to which this [...] Read more.
Knowledge about marine circulation and its variability is a basic requirement for the correct management of activities aimed at exploiting marine resources and for the prevention and eventual mitigation of the risks involved. The activities of the Marine Hazard Project, to which this special number of Sustainability is dedicated, focus on geothermal resources connected with some submerged volcanic systems located in the Tyrrhenian Sea. This sea hosts delicate coastal and marine ecosystems, and is characterized by rich dynamics, both driven by the interaction of the local forcing with the complex morphology and bathymetry of the basin, and by exchanges with adjacent sub-basins which take place at all depths. The main purpose of the present review is to summarize the present understanding of the Tyrrhenian Sea circulation and its variability, with special emphasis on the results of experimental and modelling works of the last decade. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic)
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20 pages, 306 KiB  
Review
Conflicting Narratives of Deep Sea Mining
by Axel Hallgren and Anders Hansson
Sustainability 2021, 13(9), 5261; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095261 - 8 May 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 11912
Abstract
As land-based mining industries face increasing complexities, e.g., diminishing return on investments, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions, governments are searching for alternatives. Following decades of anticipation, technological innovation, and exploration, deep seabed mining (DSM) in the oceans has, according to the mining industry [...] Read more.
As land-based mining industries face increasing complexities, e.g., diminishing return on investments, environmental degradation, and geopolitical tensions, governments are searching for alternatives. Following decades of anticipation, technological innovation, and exploration, deep seabed mining (DSM) in the oceans has, according to the mining industry and other proponents, moved closer to implementation. The DSM industry is currently waiting for international regulations that will guide future exploitation. This paper aims to provide an overview of the current status of DSM and structure ongoing key discussions and tensions prevalent in scientific literature. A narrative review method is applied, and the analysis inductively structures four narratives in the results section: (1) a green economy in a blue world, (2) the sharing of DSM profits, (3) the depths of the unknown, and (4) let the minerals be. The paper concludes that some narratives are conflicting, but the policy path that currently dominates has a preponderance towards Narrative 1—encouraging industrial mining in the near future based on current knowledge—and does not reflect current wider discussions in the literature. The paper suggests that the regulatory process and discussions should be opened up and more perspectives, such as if DSM is morally appropriate (Narrative 4), should be taken into consideration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mitigating Marine Hazards and Sustainable Developing Strategic)
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