Experimental Tests of Fundamental Symmetries in Particle Physics

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2526

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Università Milano-Bicocca & INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
Interests: neutrino; neutrino cross sections; neutrino interactions; accelerator neutrino experiments

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
Interests: neutrino; accelerator neutrino experiments; experimental physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Physics has been the cornerstone of the search for symmetry in the laws of nature for hundreds of years. In particle physics, symmetry is closely related to the fundamental forces and particles that make up the universe. In this Special Issue, we focus on experimental tests of the most fundamental symmetries in particle physics, including the symmetry between matter and antimatter, the conservation of charge, and the conservation of lepton and baryon numbers.

Papers in this Special Issue will explore the latest experimental results and theoretical developments in the field, covering a wide range of topics, including the following:

  • CP violation in the leptonic sector (oscillation experiments DUNE, Hyper-K, NOvA, T2K, etc.);
  • CPT violation in neutrino physics and/or atomic physics;
  • Leptonic number violation: neutrino-less double-beta decay experiments;
  • CP violation in the quark sector: mixing matrix unitarity (LHCb experiment).

We welcome submissions from researchers at the frontiers of particle physics, as well as from researchers exploring interdisciplinary linkages between particle physics and other fields and beyond.

Dr. Giulia Brunetti
Dr. Marta Torti
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1167 KiB  
Article
An Overview of the Searches for the Violation of the Charge-Parity Symmetry in the Leptonic Sector
by Vyacheslav Galymov
Symmetry 2024, 16(1), 130; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16010130 - 22 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1094
Abstract
The existence of a violation of the Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry in the laws of physics is one of the cornerstone conditions for the generation of a matter–antimatter imbalance necessary to the creation of a matter-dominated universe. The first experimental evidence of the fact [...] Read more.
The existence of a violation of the Charge-Parity (CP) symmetry in the laws of physics is one of the cornerstone conditions for the generation of a matter–antimatter imbalance necessary to the creation of a matter-dominated universe. The first experimental evidence of the fact that this symmetry is broken in nature was obtained in 1964 in the observations of the decays of neutral kaon mesons. The magnitude of CP violation in the quark sector was measured with an increasing precision exploring also decays of other mesons. However, CP violation in the quark sector alone is not sufficient to explain the formation of matter-dominated universe, and additional sources are required. One such potential source is the lepton sector, where the CP violation could be observed by studying neutrino oscillations with neutrino beams generated by particle accelerators. This article reviews the present efforts in this direction. The results obtained in the ongoing experiments, T2K in Japan and NOvA in USA, are discussed. Additionally, the search for leptonic CP violation is one of the key goals in the programs of future experiments, DUNE in USA and Hyper-Kamiokande in Japan. These experiments and their prospects for its discovery are also presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental Tests of Fundamental Symmetries in Particle Physics)
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Review

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23 pages, 2447 KiB  
Review
CP Violation in the Quark Sector: Mixing Matrix Unitarity
by Maurizio Martinelli
Symmetry 2024, 16(8), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16080950 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 758
Abstract
Since its discovery in the 1960s, the violation of CP symmetry has intrigued scientists and stimulated the advancement of knowledge in particle physics. Numerous experiments were designed and built to study it in increasingly deeper detail. Nowadays, the phenomenon is well framed within [...] Read more.
Since its discovery in the 1960s, the violation of CP symmetry has intrigued scientists and stimulated the advancement of knowledge in particle physics. Numerous experiments were designed and built to study it in increasingly deeper detail. Nowadays, the phenomenon is well framed within the Standard Model of Particle Physics. Nevertheless, new results are being produced by modern experiments at colliders that challenge the current understanding of the model. In this article, the current status of CP violation studies and the role of CP violation in the search for effects beyond the Standard Model are described together with the prospects for ongoing and future experiments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Experimental Tests of Fundamental Symmetries in Particle Physics)
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