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Symmetry
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Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024
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Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 5965

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Stefano Profumo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 94720, USA
Interests: astro-particle physics; particle dark matter searches and model building; high energy astrophysics; theoretical high energy physics; particle physics beyond the standard model; models for the generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe; phenomenology of supersymmetric and extra-dimensional models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Alberto Ruiz-Jimeno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Instituto de Física de Cantabria, Universidad de Cantabria, Avenida de los Castros, s/n, E-39005 Santander, Spain
Interests: particle physics; high energy physics; physics; doctoral education; outreach
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this new Special Issue “Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024” online. We aim to introduce new insights into science development or cutting-edge technology related to the physics and symmetry field, which are expected to make a great contribution to the community. The issue will cover topics, original research, and peer-reviewed articles related to the latest research and developments in any field of physics where symmetry plays a key role.

In general, this Special Issue will be a platform for researchers to publish their scientific work, helping them to influence the scientific community as well as the general public.

Prof. Dr. Stefano Profumo
Prof. Dr. Alberto Ruiz Jimeno
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • symmetry in mathematical physics
  • local and global symmetries
  • continuous symmetries
  • spacetime symmetries
  • discrete symmetries and their tests
  • conservation laws and their tests
  • gauge theories
  • lie groups
  • relativity and tests of Lorentz invariance
  • spontaneous symmetry breaking
  • crystal symmetry
  • conformal symmetry
  • chiral symmetry and chiral symmetry breaking
  • dynamical symmetry breaking models
  • flavor symmetries
  • symmetries in condensed matter
  • infinite-dimensional symmetries
  • quantum group symmetries
  • baryon and lepton number 
  • crystalline systems and their symmetries
  • symmetries in models for physics beyond the Standard Model
  • scaling laws of complex system

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  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • e-Book format: Special Issues with more than 10 articles can be published as dedicated e-books, ensuring wide and rapid dissemination.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 4715 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Multiplication of Resonant Modes in Off-Center-Driven Chladni Plates from Maximum Entropy States
by Song-Qing Lin, Yu-Hsin Hsu, Kuan-Wei Su, Hsing-Chih Liang and Yung-Fu Chen
Symmetry 2024, 16(11), 1460; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16111460 - 3 Nov 2024
Viewed by 549
Abstract
In this study, the resonant characteristics of the off-center-driven Chladni plates were systematically investigated for the square and equilateral triangle shapes. Experimental results reveal that the number of the resonant modes is considerably increased for the plates under the off-center-driving in comparison to [...] Read more.
In this study, the resonant characteristics of the off-center-driven Chladni plates were systematically investigated for the square and equilateral triangle shapes. Experimental results reveal that the number of the resonant modes is considerably increased for the plates under the off-center-driving in comparison to the on-center-driving. The Green’s functions derived from the nonhomogeneous Helmholtz equation are exploited to numerically analyze the information entropy distribution and the resonant nodal-line patterns. The experimental resonant modes are clearly confirmed to be in good agreement with the maximum entropy states in the Green’s functions. Furthermore, the information entropy distribution of the Green’s functions can be used to reveal that more eigenmodes can be triggered in the plate under the off-center-driving than the on-center-driving. By using the multiplication of the resonant modes in the off-center-driving, the dispersion relation between the experimental frequency and the theoretical wave number can be deduced with more accuracy. It is found that the deduced dispersion relations agree quite well with the Kirchhoff–Love plate theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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24 pages, 2549 KiB  
Article
Multipole Moments Under Square Vortex and Skyrmion Crystals
by Satoru Hayami
Symmetry 2024, 16(11), 1451; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16111451 - 1 Nov 2024
Viewed by 761
Abstract
Non-coplanar spin textures such as magnetic vortices and skyrmions manifest themselves in unusual physical phenomena owing to their topologically nontrivial properties. Here, we investigate emergent multipole moments under vortex and skyrmion crystals in the centrosymmetric tetragonal system. Depending on the vorticity and helicity [...] Read more.
Non-coplanar spin textures such as magnetic vortices and skyrmions manifest themselves in unusual physical phenomena owing to their topologically nontrivial properties. Here, we investigate emergent multipole moments under vortex and skyrmion crystals in the centrosymmetric tetragonal system. Depending on the vorticity and helicity of the vortex or skyrmion, various multipole moments, including magnetic toroidal and electric toroidal multipoles, are induced on the atomic scale. In particular, the vortex and skyrmion spin textures consisting of multiple spin density waves give rise to density waves in terms of other multipole moments. Our results reveal a close relationship between non-coplanar multiple-Q spin textures and multipole moments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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12 pages, 1462 KiB  
Article
Searching for Extra Higgs Boson Effects in General Two-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM)
by George Wei-Shu Hou
Symmetry 2024, 16(8), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16081013 - 8 Aug 2024
Viewed by 591
Abstract
Starting from our current impasse at the LHC, of observing an SM-like Higgs boson but nothing beyond, we focus on the General 2HDM (G2HDM), which possesses extra sets of Yukawa couplings as a likely Next New Physics. After expounding its merits, we [...] Read more.
Starting from our current impasse at the LHC, of observing an SM-like Higgs boson but nothing beyond, we focus on the General 2HDM (G2HDM), which possesses extra sets of Yukawa couplings as a likely Next New Physics. After expounding its merits, we explore our “Decadal Mission of the New Higgs/Flavor era”, reporting on an Academic Summit Project (ASP) in Taiwan that conducts a four-pronged pursuit of G2HDM: CMS and Belle II searches, a lattice study of first-order electroweak phase transition, and phenomenology. The ASP Midterm report is based on ATLAS and CMS searches for cg→tH/tA→ttc¯, where H and A are exotic neutral scalar bosons, and now progressing onto a post-Midterm cg→bH+→btb¯ search, where H+ is the exotic charged Higgs boson, plus a few other searches at the LHC, all with discovery potential. We then discuss a plethora of flavor observables that can be explored by CMS and Belle II, as well as other dedicated experiments. Finally, we elucidate why G2HDM, providing myriad new dynamics, can remain well hidden so far. This brief report summarizes the progress of the ASP of the NSTC of Taiwan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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28 pages, 995 KiB  
Article
Symmetry Classification of Antiferromagnets with Four Types of Multipoles
by Satoru Hayami
Symmetry 2024, 16(7), 926; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16070926 - 19 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1119
Abstract
A plethora of antiferromagnetic structures have been so far found in condensed matter physics, where the antiferromagnetic phase transition is characterized by symmetry lowering under the magnetic point group. Depending on the types of symmetry lowering, various cross-correlation phenomena, such as the anomalous [...] Read more.
A plethora of antiferromagnetic structures have been so far found in condensed matter physics, where the antiferromagnetic phase transition is characterized by symmetry lowering under the magnetic point group. Depending on the types of symmetry lowering, various cross-correlation phenomena, such as the anomalous Hall effect, magneto-electric effect, and magneto-piezoelectric effect, emerge below the critical temperature. We revisit a close relationship between the symmetry of the antiferromagnetic structures and cross-correlations based on the augmented multipoles consisting of electric, magnetic, magnetic toroidal, and electric toroidal multipoles with different spatial inversion and time-reversal parities. The symmetry classification will be useful for further exploration of functional antiferromagnetic materials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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21 pages, 1270 KiB  
Article
The Schwarzian Approach in Sturm–Liouville Problems
by Nektarios Vlahakis
Symmetry 2024, 16(6), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16060648 - 23 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1178
Abstract
A novel method for finding the eigenvalues of a Sturm–Liouville problem is developed. Following the minimalist approach, the problem is transformed to a single first-order differential equation with appropriate boundary conditions. Although the resulting equation is nonlinear, its form allows us to find [...] Read more.
A novel method for finding the eigenvalues of a Sturm–Liouville problem is developed. Following the minimalist approach, the problem is transformed to a single first-order differential equation with appropriate boundary conditions. Although the resulting equation is nonlinear, its form allows us to find the general solution by adding a second part to a particular solution. This splitting of the general solution into two parts involves the Schwarzian derivative: hence, the name of the approach. The eigenvalues that correspond to acceptable solutions can be found by requiring the second part to correct the asymptotically diverging behavior of the particular solution. The method can be applied to many different areas of physics, such as the Schrödinger equation in quantum mechanics and stability problems in fluid dynamics. Examples are presented. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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11 pages, 662 KiB  
Article
Controlled State Transfer in Central Spin Models
by Martiros Khurshudyan
Symmetry 2024, 16(4), 489; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16040489 - 17 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 993
Abstract
In the recent literature, various aspects of the transfer of quantum states by spin chains have been thoroughly investigated. Part of the existing study is devoted to the problem of optimal control, with the goal of achieving a highly reliable information/state transfer for [...] Read more.
In the recent literature, various aspects of the transfer of quantum states by spin chains have been thoroughly investigated. Part of the existing study is devoted to the problem of optimal control, with the goal of achieving a highly reliable information/state transfer for a given time T. In general, achieving this goal is not an easy task in the case of (open) quantum systems. Various approaches have been developed and applied, including Krotov’s method to study the problem. It is a gradient-based method used here to study the problem of state transfer control in central spin models. Our results show that with Krotov’s method, it is possible to find an optimal control form that allows for very-high-fidelity state transfer in the central spin models we have developed. Our results will be of interest for a better understanding of the non-trivial effects of the classical world on the quantum world, which have been discussed in the form of various new effects, including the Epstein effect, in the recent literature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in 'Physics' Section 2024)
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