Advanced Techniques for Detection and Investigation in Heavy Metals Toxicology

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Metals and Radioactive Substances".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1323

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Interests: magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Manganese; neurotoxicology; heavy metals; neurodegeneration; magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS); environmental exposure

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Guest Editor
Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
Interests: hexavalent chromium; neurotoxicology; toxic aging coin; one environmental health; neurovascular toxicology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heavy metals are a persistent and ubiquitous threat to our health, regardless of age, gender, culture, or creed. We are exposed to metals throughout our daily lives, whether it is through our air, food, or water, and they can elicit toxic effects in every organ system of our bodies. Several occupations further exacerbate chronic exposure to heavy metals. With few exceptions, metals cannot be metabolized or degraded into less toxic forms, and can persist in our environment or in our bodies for decades. Critically, metals exposures are linked to every major disease, either contributing to disease etiology or exacerbating disease conditions. Understanding how metals contribute to diseases and co-morbidities, what levels are tolerable, how metal depositions and dynamics inside the body can be measured, and what we can do about metal toxicity are central areas of research in the toxicology of metals.

This Special Issue of Toxics aims to disseminate cutting-edge research that advances the detection and/or investigation of metals toxicology. We welcome original research, new methods or perspectives, and reviews that critically advance our understanding of the toxicology of metals pertaining to human health.

Dr. Ulrike Dydak
Dr. Johnny Wise
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • metals
  • omics
  • new approach methodologies
  • translational research
  • metal toxicity

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 3791 KiB  
Article
Chromium Selectively Accumulates in the Rat Hippocampus after 90 Days of Exposure to Cr(VI) in Drinking Water and Induces Age- and Sex-Dependent Metal Dyshomeostasis
by Samuel T. Vielee, William J. Buchanan, Spencer H. Roof, Rehan Kahloon, Elizabeth Evans, Jessica Isibor, Maitri Patel, Idoia Meaza, Haiyan Lu, Aggie R. Williams, J. Calvin Kouokam, Sandra S. Wise, Luping Guo, Rachel M. Wise, Jamie L. Wise, Lu Cai, Jun Cai and John P. Wise, Jr.
Toxics 2024, 12(10), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100722 - 3 Oct 2024
Viewed by 832
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) is a widespread environmental pollutant in air and water that is primarily attributed to industrial pollution. The current maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for drinking water from the World Health Organization and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (0.05 and 0.1 mg/L, [...] Read more.
Hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI]) is a widespread environmental pollutant in air and water that is primarily attributed to industrial pollution. The current maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) for drinking water from the World Health Organization and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (0.05 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively) were set based on contact dermatitis and warrant further toxicological investigation. While Cr(VI) is neurotoxic and accumulates in the brain, most animal studies only report whole-brain Cr, leaving large knowledge gaps. Few studies consider differences between ages or sexes, and fewer consider essential metal dyshomeostasis. We sought to investigate where Cr accumulates in the brain, considering sex and age differences, following a 90-day drinking water exposure to current MCLs. Here, we report Cr levels in six brain regions of rats exposed to drinking water Cr(VI). We observed Cr only accumulated in the hippocampus, and only in older females. We further assessed changes to essential metals in the hippocampus, observing opposite effects across sexes and between young rats compared to older rats. In sum, our data indicate drinking water Cr(VI) selectively targeted the hippocampus, with geriatric females accumulating the most Cr, and induced significant essential metal dyshomeostasis even in tissues lacking evident Cr accumulation. Full article
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