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TropicalMed
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Global Perspectives on Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection
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Global Perspectives on Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection

A special issue of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (ISSN 2414-6366). This special issue belongs to the section "Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 2262

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Melissa Blumenthal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa 2. Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Interests: KSHV; HIV; oncogenic viruses; sub-Saharan Africa
Dr. Georgia Schäfer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa
Interests: oncogenic and emerging viruses; KSHV; EBV; HPV; SARS-CoV-2; HIV

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) presents a peculiar geographical epidemiology primarily burdening sub-Saharan Africa, areas in the Mediterranean, northwestern China and South American Amerindian populations, as well as subpopulations globally, such as men having sex with men (MSM) and persons living with HIV (PLWH). Risk for Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) development, and other KSHV-related malignancies and syndromes, is highest amongst PLWH who are co-infected with KSHV, which in endemic areas likely takes place during childhood. KSHV, in the context of disease-precipitating factors, one of the most important of which being HIV-related immune suppression, can give rise to KS, multicentric Castleman disease (MCD), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS), all of which pose diagnostic and treatment challenges, especially in resource-limited areas.  

This Special Issue, entitled “Global Perspectives on Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection”, aims to bring together clinical science, case studies, basic science, and literature reviews addressing advances in our understanding of KSHV epidemiology, infection dynamics and prevention, pathogenesis, presentation of KSHV-related diseases, and treatment strategies. We particularly seek and encourage submissions from globally diverse areas in which KSHV may be highly prevalent but where research profiles may not be well known.

Dr. Melissa Blumenthal
Dr. Georgia Schäfer
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • KSHV
  • herpesvirus
  • Kaposi’s sarcoma
  • HIV
  • multicentric Castleman disease
  • KICS
  • primary effusion lymphoma
  • AIDS
  • oncogenic virus
  • HAART

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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9 pages, 456 KiB  
Article
Early Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life as a Biomarker of Survival in African Patients with HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
by Fahmida Shaik, Thomas S. Uldrick, Mikateko Mazinu, Nomonde Gwebushe and Anisa Mosam
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9(10), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9100244 - 17 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa bears the largest public health burden of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a leading cause of cancer mortality. Quality of life (QOL) assessments in cancer patients can provide information on prognosis beyond traditional biomarkers or biological measures. The prognostic value of QOL measures [...] Read more.
Sub-Saharan Africa bears the largest public health burden of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a leading cause of cancer mortality. Quality of life (QOL) assessments in cancer patients can provide information on prognosis beyond traditional biomarkers or biological measures. The prognostic value of QOL measures in patients with HIV-KS was evaluated. Prognostic associations of baseline QOL scores (by quartiles or thresholds for clinical importance) and changes in QOL scores (using minimum important difference) over the first 3 months of therapy were evaluated in 112 participants with HIV-KS randomised to receive ART, with or without chemotherapy. Cox’s regression analysis assessed the prognostic contribution of QOL scores from the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Baseline QOL scores did not predict overall survival. The change in the 3-month QOL scores for the global health scale, fatigue, and pain domains was prognostic; the hazard ratios were 3.88 (95% CI 1.32–11.38, p = 0.01), 3.72 (95% CI 1.61–8.62, p = 0.00) and 5.96 (95% CI 2.46–14.43, p = 0.00), respectively. QOL assessments can provide useful prognostic information in patients with HIV-KS. Patients lacking meaningful improvement early into treatment represent a population at high risk of death. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Perspectives on Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection)
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13 pages, 3250 KiB  
Article
Association between KSHV-Specific Humoral and T Cell Responses with Recurrence of HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
by Marie-Claire Mukasine, Gina Mulundu, Musonda Kawimbe, Keagan Mutale, Chibamba Mumba, Salum J. Lidenge and Owen Ngalamika
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2024, 9(6), 134; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed9060134 - 18 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1116
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an AIDS-defining angio-proliferative malignancy, with the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) as its etiologic agent. Upon treatment with chemotherapy, a proportion of HIV-associated KS patients experience disease recurrence within a few months of completing treatment. We aimed at determining [...] Read more.
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an AIDS-defining angio-proliferative malignancy, with the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (KSHV) as its etiologic agent. Upon treatment with chemotherapy, a proportion of HIV-associated KS patients experience disease recurrence within a few months of completing treatment. We aimed at determining whether KSHV-specific adaptive immune responses were associated with KS recurrence upon complete remission. We conducted a prospective cohort study. The primary outcome was the recurrence of HIV-associated KS. An immunofluorescence assay was used to determine anti-KSHV antibodies, an enzyme-linked immunospot was conducted for T cell responses, PCR was carried out to determine KSHV status, and flow cytometry was used for CD4 counting and immunophenotyping. KSHV detection in PBMCs was high and not associated with KS recurrence-free survival (p = 0.29). Anti-KSHV antibody titers were high and not associated with recurrence-free survival (p = 0.63). KSHV-specific T cell responses dropped from baseline levels among individuals with recurrence, but the drop was not statistically significant. Individuals experiencing KS recurrence had a significantly higher proportion of T cell subsets expressing PD1, while those with sustained remission had a significant increase in CD4 T cell counts from baseline levels during the follow-up period (p = 0.02). Anti-KSHV antibodies are not a good correlate of protection from KS recurrence. T cells in individuals experiencing KS recurrence hadhigh PD1 expression, while an increase in CD4 counts was associated with sustained KS remission. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Perspectives on Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Infection)
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