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Universe
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Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy,...
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Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, 2nd Edition

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Cosmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 3435

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Kazuharu Bamba

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University, Fukushima 960-1296, Japan
Interests: particle cosmology; gravity theory; inflation; late time acceleration
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Exploring the origins of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy is one of the most important problems in modern physics and cosmology. It is strongly expected that primordial gravitational waves will be detected in the near future, revealing the energy scale of inflation of the early universe.

Regarding the origin of dark matter, there are two main possibilities: The first is new particles in particle theory models beyond the standard model. The second is astrophysical objects. On the other hand, two representative approaches exist to investigate the properties of dark energy components leading to late-time cosmic acceleration. One is the introduction of unknown matter, called dark energy, with the negative pressure in general relativity. The other is the extension of gravity on large scales, known as geometrical dark energy.

The main subject of this Special Issue is to understand the origins and true nature of inflation, dark matter, and dark energy. We can consider not only phenomenological approaches but also more fundamental physics, such as higher-dimensional gravity theories, quantum gravity, quantum cosmology, physics in the early universe, quantum field theories and gauge field theories in curved spacetime, string theories, brane world models, and the holographic principle. It is our pleasure to invite submissions to this Special Issue on inflation, dark matter, dark energy, and related foundations of physics.

Dr. Kazuharu Bamba
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflation
  • dark matter
  • dark energy
  • alternative theory of gravity
  • cosmology
  • physics in the early universe
  • cosmological perturbation theory
  • cosmic microwave background radiation
  • gravitational waves
  • large-scale structure of the universe

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 353 KiB  
Article
Constraints on Metastable Dark Energy Decaying into Dark Matter
by Jônathas S. T. de Souza, Gustavo S. Vicente and Leila L. Graef
Universe 2024, 10(9), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10090371 - 18 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 670
Abstract
We revisit the proposal that an energy transfer from dark energy into dark matter can be described in field theory by a first order phase transition. We analyze a metastable dark energy model proposed in the literature, using updated constraints on the decay [...] Read more.
We revisit the proposal that an energy transfer from dark energy into dark matter can be described in field theory by a first order phase transition. We analyze a metastable dark energy model proposed in the literature, using updated constraints on the decay time of a metastable dark energy from recent data. The results of our analysis show no prospects for potentially observable signals that could distinguish this scenario from the ΛCDM. We analyze, for the first time, the process of bubble nucleation in this model, showing that such model would not drive a complete transition to a dark matter dominated phase even in a distant future. Nevertheless, the model is not excluded by the latest data and we confirm that the mass of the dark matter particle that would result from such a process corresponds to the mass of an axion-like particle, which is currently one of the best motivated dark matter candidates. We argue that extensions to this model, possibly with additional couplings, still deserve further attention as it could provide an interesting and viable description for an interacting dark sector scenario based in a single scalar field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, 2nd Edition)
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6 pages, 226 KiB  
Communication
The de Sitter Swampland Conjectures in the Context of Chaplygin-Inspired Inflation
by Orfeu Bertolami, Robertus Potting and Paulo M. Sá
Universe 2024, 10(7), 271; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10070271 - 23 Jun 2024
Viewed by 636
Abstract
In this work, we discuss the de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of the generalized Chaplygin-inspired inflationary model. We demonstrate that these conjectures can be satisfied, but only in the region of the parameter space far away from the General Relativity limit. [...] Read more.
In this work, we discuss the de Sitter swampland conjectures in the context of the generalized Chaplygin-inspired inflationary model. We demonstrate that these conjectures can be satisfied, but only in the region of the parameter space far away from the General Relativity limit. The cosmic microwave background data had already been found to restrict the allowed inflationary potentials of this model. Our results impose a further limitation on the possible potentials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, 2nd Edition)
10 pages, 263 KiB  
Article
Cosmic Strings from Thermal Inflation
by Robert Brandenberger and Aline Favero
Universe 2024, 10(6), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10060253 - 4 Jun 2024
Viewed by 713
Abstract
Thermal inflation was proposed as a mechanism to dilute the density of cosmological moduli. Thermal inflation is driven by a complex scalar field possessing a large vacuum expectation value and a very flat potential, called a “flaton”. Such a model admits cosmic string [...] Read more.
Thermal inflation was proposed as a mechanism to dilute the density of cosmological moduli. Thermal inflation is driven by a complex scalar field possessing a large vacuum expectation value and a very flat potential, called a “flaton”. Such a model admits cosmic string solutions, and a network of such strings will inevitably form in the symmetry breaking phase transition at the end of the period of thermal inflation. We discuss the differences of these strings compared to the strings which form in the Abelian Higgs model. Specifically, we find that the upper bound on the symmetry breaking scale is parametrically lower than in the case of Abelian Higgs strings, and that the lower cutoff on the string loop distribution is determined by cusp annihilation rather than by gravitational radiation (for the value of the transition temperature proposed in the original work on thermal inflation). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, 2nd Edition)
21 pages, 370 KiB  
Article
The Equation of State of Novel Double-Field Pure K-Essence for Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy
by Changjun Gao
Universe 2024, 10(6), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10060235 - 24 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 719
Abstract
K-essence theories are usually studied in the framework of a single scalar field ϕ. Namely, the Lagrangian of K-essence is the function of the single scalar field ϕ and its covariant derivative. However, in this paper, we explore a double-field pure K-essence, [...] Read more.
K-essence theories are usually studied in the framework of a single scalar field ϕ. Namely, the Lagrangian of K-essence is the function of the single scalar field ϕ and its covariant derivative. However, in this paper, we explore a double-field pure K-essence, i.e., the corresponding Lagrangian is the function of covariant derivatives of double scalar fields without a dependency on scalar fields themselves. This is why we call it double-field pure K-essence. The novelty of this K-essence is that its Lagrangian contains the quotient term of the kinetic energies from the two scalar fields. This results in the presence of many interesting features; for example, the equation of state can be arbitrarily small and arbitrarily large. In comparison, the range of the equation of state for quintessence is −1 to +1. Interestingly, this novel K-essence can play the role of an inflation field, dark matter, or dark energy by appropriately selecting the expressions of Lagrangian. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Origins and Natures of Inflation, Dark Matter and Dark Energy, 2nd Edition)
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