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Monitoring and Control of Soil and Water Erosion
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Monitoring and Control of Soil and Water Erosion

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Water".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 7852

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yujie Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Interests: soil structure; gully erosion; slope stability; susceptibility assessment; soil erosion monitoring; soil erosion modelling; soil and water conservation
Dr. Zhengchao Tian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Resources & Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
Interests: soil physics; hydrolical process; soil and water monitoring; soil hydrothermal process monitoring and simulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil and water erosion monitoring and control have witnessed significant advancements over time. The continuous efforts in understanding and mitigating the impacts of erosion on the environment and agricultural lands have led to the development of sophisticated monitoring and control strategies. The evolved monitoring techniques entail the integration of remote sensing technologies, geographical information systems (GIS), and advanced modeling tools. These advancements allow for the real-time assessment of erosion-prone areas, helping in the identification of vulnerable regions. In terms of control measures, the traditional practices have been complemented with innovative strategies. Conservation tillage, contour plowing, and cover cropping remain the fundamental methods, but modern interventions include the use of erosion-control blankets, bioengineering solutions, and sustainable land management practices. These contemporary approaches aim not only to prevent erosion but also to enhance soil fertility and biodiversity. Additionally, the integration of data-driven decision-making processes has become crucial. Monitoring systems generate large datasets, and utilizing artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms facilitates efficient analysis. Predictive models can anticipate potential erosion risks, allowing proactive interventions.

This Special Issue will focus on technologies and methods in soil and water monitoring, as well as soil erosion control measures and their impact on environmental sustainability, agricultural productivity, and the overall well-being of ecosystems.

Dr. Yujie Wei
Dr. Zhengchao Tian
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soil erosion monitoring
  • soil erosion control
  • ecological impacts
  • gully erosion
  • machine learning
  • photogrammetry
  • remote sensing

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 4002 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Effects of Fissures on Hydraulic Parameters in Subsurface Flows from the Perspective of Energy Changes
by Yu Tao, Siwen Peng, Jiazhou Chen, Shiping Long and Bin Liao
Water 2024, 16(19), 2712; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16192712 - 24 Sep 2024
Viewed by 484
Abstract
Reynolds number (Re), pore water pressure (P), and water flow shear force (τ) are primary indicators reflecting the characteristics of subsurface flow. Exploring the calculation of these parameters will facilitate the understanding of the hydrodynamic characteristics in [...] Read more.
Reynolds number (Re), pore water pressure (P), and water flow shear force (τ) are primary indicators reflecting the characteristics of subsurface flow. Exploring the calculation of these parameters will facilitate the understanding of the hydrodynamic characteristics in different subsurface flows and quantify their differences. Hence, we conducted a study to monitor soil water content, matrix potential, and pore water pressure in two typical soil profiles (with and without fissures). The distribution of Re, P, and τ in both matrix flow (MF) and preferential flow (PF) were calculated with an improved calculation method, focusing on their energy changes. Results showed that these hydrologic parameters are quite different between MF and PF. Re values in MF remained below 0.1, indicating lower water flow velocities, while the Re values ranged from 0.8 to 2 in PF, indicating higher flow velocities. The P values in PF was tens to hundreds of times higher than that in MF, which is mainly due to the rapid accumulation and leakage of water within soil fissures. Additionally, the larger hydraulic radius and gradient in PF also resulted in higher τ values in PF (2~6 N m−2) than in MF (0~1.5 N m−2). In PF, the pressure potential was the significant factor for τ, while τ in MF was dominated by the matrix potential and varies with the magnitude of the matrix potential gradient. This study suggests that Re, P, and τ could be considered as the major indexes to reflect dynamic characteristics of subsurface flow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Control of Soil and Water Erosion)
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17 pages, 3635 KiB  
Article
Effects of Patch Properties of Submerged Vegetation on Sediment Scouring and Deposition
by Yantun Song, Ruixiang Liu, Qiong Yang, Jiayi Li, Chongfa Cai, Yifan Feng, Guiyun Huang, Rong Hao, Hao Li, Changhua Zhan and Xiwang Wen
Water 2024, 16(15), 2144; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152144 - 29 Jul 2024
Viewed by 799
Abstract
Vegetation plays a key role in trapping sediments and further controlling pollutants. However, few studies were conducted to clarify the erosion and deposition laws of sediments and the influence factors caused by vegetation patch properties, which is not conducive to the revelation of [...] Read more.
Vegetation plays a key role in trapping sediments and further controlling pollutants. However, few studies were conducted to clarify the erosion and deposition laws of sediments and the influence factors caused by vegetation patch properties, which is not conducive to the revelation of riverbank protection and erosion prevention. Therefore, this study investigated the change in scouring and deposition characteristics around submerged vegetation patches of nine kinds of typical configurations and their influencing factors. Vegetation patches were assembled from three vegetation densities (G/d = 0.83, 1.3, and 1.77, representing dense, medium, and sparse, respectively), and three vegetation patch thicknesses (dn = 170, 400, and 630, representing narrow, usual, and wide, respectively), to measure vegetation patch property influences. Flow velocity, scouring, and deposition characteristics under nine patches were determined by a hydraulic flume experiment, three-dimensional acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV), and three-dimensional laser scanner, and then ten geometry and morphology indices were measured and calculated based on the results of laser scanning. Results showed that both vegetation patch density and thickness were positively related to the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) above the vegetation canopy, and only vegetation patch density was negatively related to the flow velocity above the vegetation canopy. The relation between the product of density and vegetation patch thickness and erosion area in planform (EA) showed a power function (R2 = 0.644). Both density and vegetation patch thickness determined the scouring degree, but deposition location and amount did not rely on each one simply. On average, medium density showed the smallest maximum erosion length (MEL), EA, deposition area in planform (DA), and average deposition length (ADL) and a minimum of the above parameters also occurred at narrow vegetation patch thickness. The shape factor of the erosion volume (SFEV), the shape factor of the deposition volume (SFDV), ADL, and MEL of medium density and narrow thickness vegetation patch (G/d = 1.3, dn = 170) were significantly smaller than that of other types of patches. DA and equivalent prismatic erosion depth on the erosion area (EPED) were significantly linearly related (R2 = 0.766). Consequently, most sediment was deposited close to the vegetation patch edge. It is suggested that vegetation patch thickness and density should be given to control sediment transport. In particular, natural vegetation growth changes vegetation patch density and then alters vegetation patch thickness. Management and repair need to be first considered. The results of this study shed light on riparian zone recovery and vegetation filter strip mechanism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Control of Soil and Water Erosion)
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15 pages, 1932 KiB  
Article
Linkage between Granite Weathering and Gully Erosion in Subtropical Region
by Shu Zhang, Yong Zhang, Gang Huang, Bo Zhang, Yichan Li, Xin Chen, Junkang Xu and Yujie Wei
Water 2024, 16(5), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16050751 - 1 Mar 2024
Viewed by 5997
Abstract
Granites, widely distributed in the Earth’s crust, undergo pedogenic processes, shaping diverse soil-mantled landscapes influenced by climatic factors in different regions. Investigating the geochemical signatures in granite weathering profiles across varying climatic conditions provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between weathering and [...] Read more.
Granites, widely distributed in the Earth’s crust, undergo pedogenic processes, shaping diverse soil-mantled landscapes influenced by climatic factors in different regions. Investigating the geochemical signatures in granite weathering profiles across varying climatic conditions provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between weathering and landscape evolution. In this study, the geochemical features, particularly major and rare earth elements, and the weathering degree of granites across temperate to subtropical regions in China were examined. The results indicated significant variations in the geochemical characteristics of granite weathering profiles, both at a pedon and regional scale (p < 0.01). With increasing hydrothermal conditions from north to south, soil pH shifted from neutral to acidic, accompanied by the leaching of major elements (K2O, Na2O, CaO, and MgO) and the enrichment of Al and Fe. The total rare earth elements (∑REEs) ranged from 75 to 352 ppm, and light rare earth elements (LREEs) from 71 to 317 ppm, exhibiting less significant variations across the study area, while heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) showed higher concentrations in the subtropical region (3 to 35 ppm). Plagioclases dominated the weathering process in temperate regions, with K-feldspar progressively increasing and, eventually, dominating from temperate to subtropic regions, resulting in a shift in clay minerals from 2:1-type in the temperate to 1:1-type in the subtropic. The chemical index of alteration (CIA) and comprehensive weathering index (W) increased from fresh rock to residual soils along the weathering profiles and from north to south across the study area, ranging from 50.72 to 97.44 and 35.11 to 70.62, respectively. The intensified granite weathering degree was significantly influenced by climatic conditions (p < 0.05), especially the multi-year average precipitation (22.4%) and relative humidity (9.1%) (p < 0.01). Gully erosion on the granite weathering mantle was concentrated in granites with a comprehensive weathering index exceeding 52.51, and the spatial variation of the granite weathering degree aligned with the spatial distribution of gully density across the study area. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Monitoring and Control of Soil and Water Erosion)
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