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Water
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CFD Modelling of Turbulent Free Surface Flows
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CFD Modelling of Turbulent Free Surface Flows

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 May 2024) | Viewed by 1874

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Agostino Lauria

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
Interests: turbulence; CFD; free surface flows; Navier–Stokes equations; vortical structures
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Domenico Ferraro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Calabria, Cosenza, Italy
Interests: turbulence; CFD; free surface flows; Navier–Stokes equations; vortical structures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a Special Issue of the journal Water on the topic of “CFD Modelling of Turbulent Free Surface Flows”. We invite submissions related to numerical studies.

Computation of free surfaces is very complex because of the continuous change in the location of fluid particles. This Special Edition entitled “CFD Modelling of Free Surface Flows” aims to highlight research on improvements in special methods developed for the computation of free surface flows.

Although the Modelling of Turbulent Free Surface Flows has been an extensively studied issue for a very long time and many answers have been found, a huge number of problems are still open, and a number of new interesting numerical techniques are constantly emerging contributing to ever-more accurately simulating Turbulent Free Surface Flows.

This can include research studies on the capillary and wetting phenomena in free surface flows, geophysical free surface flows (rivers, lakes, glaciers, and ocean), hydraulic jumps, diffraction of water waves induced by fluid structure interaction, sloshing dynamics and vortical structures.

This Special Issue aims to gather original research, review, and state-of-the-art articles focused on modelling the free surface flows following numerical approaches.

I hope that you will consider this invitation and look forward to the opportunity to work with you.

We believe that it would be very helpful for the community to find new common ground to improve collaborations.

Dr. Agostino Lauria
Dr. Domenico Ferraro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • free surface flows
  • computational methods
  • waves
  • fluid structure interaction
  • hydraulic jumps
  • diffraction

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 4708 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Different Stepped Spillway Geometries over a Mild Slope for Safe Operation Using Multi-Phase Model
by Binaya Raj Pandey, Megh Raj K C, Brian Crookston and Gerald Zenz
Water 2024, 16(11), 1635; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16111635 - 6 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1388
Abstract
The appropriate design and operation of spillways are critical for dam safety. To enhance design practices and gain insights into flow hydraulics, both experimental and numerical modeling are commonly employed. In this study, we conducted a numerical investigation of flow over a mildly [...] Read more.
The appropriate design and operation of spillways are critical for dam safety. To enhance design practices and gain insights into flow hydraulics, both experimental and numerical modeling are commonly employed. In this study, we conducted a numerical investigation of flow over a mildly sloping (1V:3H) stepped spillway with various step geometries using a multi-phase mixture model with dispersed interface tracking in ANSYS Fluent. The model was validated against experimental data from Utah State University, focusing on water surface profiles over the crest, velocities, and air concentrations. The validated numerical model was used to simulate flow over different step geometries (i.e., 0.2 m H uniform Step, 0.1 m H uniform step, non-uniform steps, adverse slope steps, and stepped pool) for a range of discharges from 0.285 m3/s/m to 1.265 m3/s/m. While flow depths over the crest and velocities in the chute compared well with experimental results, air concentrations exhibited some deviation, indicating numerical limitations of the solver. The shift in the location of the inception point was found to be mainly influenced by a higher flow rate than the different design configurations over an identical mild slope. The downstream non-linear flow velocity curve with different flow rates indicated less effectiveness of the step roughness over a high flow rate as a result of the reduction in relative roughness. The theoretical velocity ratio indicated the least reduction in downstream velocity with the stepped pooled spillway due to the formation of a “stagnant pool”. A higher negative-pressure region due to flow separation at the vertical face of the steps was obtained by adverse slope steps, which shows that the risk of cavitation is higher over the adverse slope step spillway. Turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) was found to be higher for uniform 0.2 m H steps due to the strong mixing of flow over the steps. The least TKE was found at the steps of the stepped pool spillway due to the formation of a “stagnant pool”. Uniform 0.2 m H steps achieved the maximum energy dissipation efficiency, whereas the stepped pool spillway obtained the least energy dissipation efficiency, introducing higher flow velocity at the stilling basin with a higher residual head. The adverse slope and non-uniform steps were found to be more effective than the uniform 0.1 m H steps and stepped pool spillway. The application of uniform steps of higher drop height and length could achieve higher TKE over the steps, reducing the directional flow velocity, which reduces the risk of potential damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CFD Modelling of Turbulent Free Surface Flows)
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