Legionella: A Key Organism in Water Management

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Water and One Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 2905

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Public Health Unit, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy
Interests: recreational waters; disinfection; surveillance; monitoring; hygiene; public health; biotechnology; innovation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Legionella is a key organism in water management, environmental microbiology, and public health. Since the Legionella pneumophila outbreak, occurring in the late Summer 1976 in Philadelphia, advances have been made in this field across the world, involving new methods for improving detection, technologies for disinfection, advances in diagnostic and therapies of Legionnaires’ disease, and also guidelines, recommendations, and official policies. Water contamination and disease epidemiology are related to the urbanization processes and management of water on a global scale. This Special Issue will recognize contributions from different disciplines, reporting advances in water management and public health tools aimed at controlling exposure risks and disease prevention, but also microorganism biology, methods, epidemiological studies, or regulations. People are closely connected to the health of water in buildings on both a local and global scale. The question of different Legionella species and their characteristics or the roles they play in their environment and/or in diseases represent a main focus. A wide range of proposals can be submitted, from Legionella’s role in biofilm and ecological niches to clinical issues with an epidemiological impact. Legionella issues can be addressed through different disciplines including epidemiology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, and engineering, as well as integrating seemingly unrelated ones such as economics, sociology, communication, public health and health systems, management and policies, narrative medicine, or humanities. Synergies between researchers with very different skills and backgrounds are welcome, especially if aiming to bring issues into a One Health dimension, facing water-related topics using an experimental or reviewing approach.

Prof. Dr. Vincenzo Romano Spica
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • monitoring
  • surveillance
  • water
  • health policy
  • epidemiology
  • disinfection
  • water management
  • water safety plan
  • water in buildings
  • Legionellosis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

24 pages, 2321 KiB  
Article
Legionnaires’ Disease Surveillance and Public Health Policies in Italy: A Mathematical Model for Assessing Prevention Strategies
by Vincenzo Romano Spica, Paola Borella, Agnese Bruno, Cristian Carboni, Martin Exner, Philippe Hartemann, Gianluca Gianfranceschi, Pasqualina Laganà, Antonella Mansi, Maria Teresa Montagna, Osvalda De Giglio, Serena Platania, Caterina Rizzo, Alberto Spotti, Francesca Ubaldi, Matteo Vitali, Paul van der Wielen and Federica Valeriani
Water 2024, 16(15), 2167; https://doi.org/10.3390/w16152167 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1572
Abstract
Legionella is the pathogen that causes Legionnaires’ disease, an increasingly prevalent and sometimes fatal disease worldwide. In 2021, 97% of cases in Europe were caused by Legionella pneumophila. We present a mathematical model that can be used by public health officials to [...] Read more.
Legionella is the pathogen that causes Legionnaires’ disease, an increasingly prevalent and sometimes fatal disease worldwide. In 2021, 97% of cases in Europe were caused by Legionella pneumophila. We present a mathematical model that can be used by public health officials to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of different Legionella monitoring and control strategies to inform government requirements to prevent community-acquired Legionnaires’ disease in non-hospital buildings. This simulation model was built using comprehensive data from multiple scientific and field-based sources. It is a tool for estimating the relative economic and human costs of monitoring and control efforts targeting either L. pneumophila or Legionella species and was designed to analyze the potential application of each approach to specific building classes across Italy. The model results consistently showed that targeting L. pneumophila is not only sufficient but preferable in optimizing total cost (direct and economic) for similar human health benefits, even when stress-tested with extreme inputs. This cost–benefit analytical tool allows the user to run different real-life scenarios with a broad range of epidemiological and prevalence assumptions across different geographies in Italy. With appropriate modifications, this tool can be localized and applied to other countries, states, or provinces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Legionella: A Key Organism in Water Management)
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