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Drinking Water Treatment and Removal of Natural Organic Matter
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Drinking Water Treatment and Removal of Natural Organic Matter

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 16744

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Talis Juhna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Water Systems and Biotechnology Institute, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
Interests: drinking water treatment; bacterial growth; water distribution networks; pathogens
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Maris Klavins

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Natural Resource Research Centre of the University of Latvia, House of Nature, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia
Interests: plant biomass; bioeconomy; phytochemical screening; biological relevance; natural products
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The removal of natural organic matter (NOM) has been a challenge for several decades, especially in countries of the Boreal climate. Because of their large molecule size and ability to form complexes with pollutants, for example metals, and change their properties, NOM often governs the selection of water treatment methods. Although several methods, including enhanced coagulation, anion-exchange, nanofiltration, and biosorption are being used today, there is still no state-of-the-art technology that has been widely accepted by the water industry as efficient and cost-efficient. This is partly due to the diverse properties of NOM, which depend on its genesis and transformation, and partly due to its recalcitrant nature, which makes it biologically difficult to degrade. There has been significant advancement in the way natural NOM is being analysed and in the properties of its main components (humic substances), thus opening new opportunities for novel water treatment methods and understanding of disinfection by-products.

This Special Issue is aimed at addressing advancement in the removal of NOM from drinking water using both conventional and advanced methods of biological treatment (e.g. with fungi), advanced oxidation, photocatalytical transformation, and membrane filtration. Nature-based solutions for the pre-treatment of humic-rich water including artificial groundwater recharge will also be included. The effect of NOM on the biofouling of membranes as well as on water quality in distribution networks and by-product formation will be addressed. Moreover, topics addressing NOM formation in nature, its relation to climate change and the water–energy nexus are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Talis Juhna
Prof. Dr. Maris Klavins
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • NOM characterisation
  • humic substances
  • biodegradability
  • byproducts
  • biofouling
  • enhanced coagulation
  • nanofiltration
  • advanced oxidation
  • biostability

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1942 KiB  
Article
Charge Neutralization Mechanism Efficiency in Water with High Color Turbidity Ratio Using Aluminium Sulfate and Flocculation Index
by Dafne Cruz, Marcio Pimentel, Ana Russo and Wilson Cabral
Water 2020, 12(2), 572; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12020572 - 19 Feb 2020
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 9587
Abstract
Most of the water supplied in Brazil comes from water streams that may have higher values for apparent color than turbidity. Treatability trials were performed for color and turbidity removal to evaluate the advantages of coagulation during the charge neutralization mechanism when compared [...] Read more.
Most of the water supplied in Brazil comes from water streams that may have higher values for apparent color than turbidity. Treatability trials were performed for color and turbidity removal to evaluate the advantages of coagulation during the charge neutralization mechanism when compared to sweep flocculation for water with those characteristics. There were three types of trials: conventional Jar Test with raw water, with and without filtration, and in a pilot Water Treatment Plant, direct downward filtration, with synthetic water. Auxiliary equipment such as Continuous Flocculation Monitoring Equipment (CFME) and image analysis were used to evaluate the growth of flocs. In the Jar Tests experiments, similar levels of color (61.49%) and turbidity (61.30%) removal were observed, with a lower dosage of coagulant (46 mg/L) in the charge neutralization mechanism compared to the ones with sweep flocculation (58.22% for color and 54.73% for turbidity removal with 52 mg/L of aluminium sulfate). Similar results were found on pilot plant. At filtration rates of 180 and 300 m3 m−2 day−1, sweep flocculation mechanism had shorter filtration cycle (<5 m3) compared to other mechanisms. Therefore, a change in the operation of Water Treatment plants that use a coagulant dosage associated with sweep flocculation can bring advantages such as the reduction of coagulant consumption and sludge productions, as well as the increase of chlorine disinfection and filtration cycles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drinking Water Treatment and Removal of Natural Organic Matter)
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11 pages, 1041 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Flocculation Using Drinking Water Treatment Plant Sedimentation Residual Solids
by Sandhya Rao Poleneni, Enos Inniss, Honglan Shi, John Yang, Bin Hua and Joseph Clamp
Water 2019, 11(9), 1821; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11091821 - 31 Aug 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5518
Abstract
Inefficient removal of total organic carbon (TOC) leads to the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) when a disinfectant is added. This study is performed in an effort to develop a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective technology that will effectively lower organic precursors by [...] Read more.
Inefficient removal of total organic carbon (TOC) leads to the formation of carcinogenic disinfection by-products (DBPs) when a disinfectant is added. This study is performed in an effort to develop a simple, non-invasive, and cost-effective technology that will effectively lower organic precursors by having water utilities reuse their treatment residual solids. Jar tests are used to simulate drinking water treatment processes with coagulants—aluminum sulfate (alum), poly-aluminum chloride (PACl), and ferric chloride and their residual solids. Ten coagulant-to-residual (C/R) ratios are tested with water from the Missouri River at Coopers Landing in Columbia, MO versus alluvial ground waters. This treatment results in heavier floc formation and leads to improved sedimentation of organics and additional removal of aluminum and iron. An average of 21%, 28%, and 33% additional TOC removal can be achieved with C/R ratios <1 with alum, PACl, and ferric chloride, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drinking Water Treatment and Removal of Natural Organic Matter)
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