Screening for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Oroxylum indicum Fruit Extracts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of O. indicum Extracts Using a Disc Diffusion Assay
2.2. In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of O. indicum Extracts by DPPH Scavenging Method
2.3. Determination Oftotal Phenolic Content in O. indicum Extracts Using the Folin-Ciocalteu Method
2.4. Determination of Total Flavonoid Content in O. indicum Extracts Using the Aluminium Chloride Method
2.5. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Preparation of Oroxylum Indicum Fruit Extracts
3.1.1. Plant Material Preparation
3.1.2. Plant Extract Preparations
3.2. Determination of in Vitro Antibacterial Activity of O. indicum Extracts Using Disc Diffusion Assay
3.3. Determination of in Vitro Antioxidant Activity of O. indicum Extracts Using DPPH Scavenging Method
3.4. Phytochemical Analysis
3.4.1. Determination for Total Phenolic Content in O. indicum Extracts Using the Folin-Ciocalteu Method
3.4.2. Determination of Total Flavonoid Content in O. indicum Extracts Using the Aluminium Chloride Method
3.4.3. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Analysis
3.5. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bacterial Strain | Concentration (mg/mL) | Zone of Inhibition (mm) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OPCD | OPCE | OPND | OPNE | OSBD | OSBE | AMC 30 µg | CN 10 µg | SXT 25 µg | ||
Staphylococcus intermedius | 1.5625 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 24.44 ± 0.73 | 15.00 ± 0.50 | 0 |
6.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6.78 ± 1.54 | ||||
25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.34 ± 1.87 | ||||
100 | 0 | 8.33 ± 0.71 b | 0 | 8.56 ± 0.73 d | 7.83 ± 0.98 | 7.89 ± 4.89 | ||||
125 | 0 | 9.28 ± 0.36 b | 0 | 10.22 ± 0.83 | - | - | ||||
250 | 6.22 ± 0.44 a,1,2 | 10.33 ± 0.43 b,1,3 | 6.72 ± 0.51 c,3,4 | 11.33 ± 0.83 2,4 | - | - | ||||
500 | 8.72 ± 0.44 a,5,6 | 11.56 ± 0.46 b,5,7 | 8.67 ± 0.50 c,7,8 | 13.50 ± 1.32 5,6,8 | - | - | ||||
1000 | 11.17 ± 0.35 a,9 | 12.67 ± 0.35 b | 11.17 ± 0.61 c,10 | 15.11 ± 2.10 d,9,10 | - | - | ||||
Streptococcus suis | 1.5625 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.22 ± 0.97 | 32.56 ± 0.53 | 0 | 0 |
6.25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.56 ± 1.34 | ||||
25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.78 ± 1.86 | ||||
100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.56 ± 2.69 | ||||
125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | ||||
250 | 0 | 7.28 ± 0.44 f | 0 | 8.06 ± 0.39 h | - | - | ||||
500 | 7.00 ± 1.00 e,11 | 8.67 ± 1.00 | 7.72 ± 0.75 g,12 | 11.33 ± 1.00 11,12 | - | - | ||||
1000 | 10.78 ± 0.67 e | 10.61 ± 0.99 f | 10.28 ± 0.91 g | 14.39 ± 2.47 h | - | - |
Extracts | DPPH Assay EC50 (µg/mL) | Total Phenolic Content (g% GAE) | Total Flavonoid Content (g% QE) |
---|---|---|---|
OPCD | 171.30 ± 8.46 e | 3.22 ± 0.10 b | 1.68 ± 0.13 a |
OPCE | 65.89 ± 5.48 c | 4.57 ± 0.45 c | 4.68 ± 0.12 c |
OPND | 220.50 ± 14.50 f | 2.70 ± 0.05 a | 1.49 ± 0.18 a |
OPNE | 84.29 ± 5.16 d | 4.39 ± 0.19 c | 3.76 ± 0.67 b,c |
OSBD | 38.87 ± 3.90 b | 8.21 ± 0.62 d | 3.94 ± 0.22 b |
OSBE | 26.33 ± 0.84 a | 10.66 ± 0.27 e | 7.16 ± 0.06 d |
Ascorbic acid | 3.86 ± 0.12 | - | - |
Baicalein | 3.17 ± 0.05 | - | - |
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Sithisarn, P.; Nantateerapong, P.; Rojsanga, P.; Sithisarn, P. Screening for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Oroxylum indicum Fruit Extracts. Molecules 2016, 21, 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040446
Sithisarn P, Nantateerapong P, Rojsanga P, Sithisarn P. Screening for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Oroxylum indicum Fruit Extracts. Molecules. 2016; 21(4):446. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040446
Chicago/Turabian StyleSithisarn, Patchima, Petcharat Nantateerapong, Piyanuch Rojsanga, and Pongtip Sithisarn. 2016. "Screening for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Oroxylum indicum Fruit Extracts" Molecules 21, no. 4: 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040446
APA StyleSithisarn, P., Nantateerapong, P., Rojsanga, P., & Sithisarn, P. (2016). Screening for Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities and Phytochemical Analysis of Oroxylum indicum Fruit Extracts. Molecules, 21(4), 446. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21040446