Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Result
2.1. Chemical Components in AS Aqueous Extract
2.2. Network Pharmacology Analysis of AS against IS
2.3. AS Alleviated CIRI in MCAO/R Rats
2.4. AS Regulated the Expression of PDGF-BB, EPO, TGF-β, PF4, Ang-2, and TIMP-1 in Serum
2.5. AS Regulated the Expression of PTGS2 in Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus
2.6. AS Promoted Angiogenesis in MCAO/R Rats
2.7. The Effect of AS on the Protein and mRNA Expression of PTGS2, PGI2, TSP-1, Bax, Bcl-2, and VEGF
3. Discussion
4. Reagents and Methods
4.1. Reagents
4.2. Preparation of AS Aqueous Extract
4.3. Authentication Compounds in AS Aqueous Extract
4.4. Network Pharmacology Analysis
4.5. Animals
4.6. Establishment of Rat MCAO/R Model
4.7. Administration of Drugs
4.8. Evaluation of Neurobehavioral Deficits
4.9. Examination of Cerebral Infarct Volume
4.10. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) Staining
4.11. Detection of the Ang, PF4, EPO, TGF-β, PDGF-BB and TIMP Contents in Rat Serum
4.12. Detection the mRNA Levels of PTGS2, PGI2, TSP-1, bFGF, VEGF, Bcl-2, and Bax Using PCR
4.13. Immunofluorescence Staining
4.14. Immumohistochemicalstaining
4.15. Western Blotting
4.16. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
Ang | Angiopoietin |
AS | Radix astragali-safflower |
BCA | Bicinchoninic acid |
bFGF | Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor |
CCA | Common carotid artery |
Cel | Celecoxib |
CIRI | Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury |
CVD | Cerebrovascular disease |
DL | Drug-like properties |
ECA | External carotid artery |
ECM | Extracellular matrix |
ECs | Endothelial cells |
Eda | Edaravone |
EPO | Erythropoietin |
GO | Gene ontology |
HE | Hematoxylin-Eosin |
ICA | Internal carotid artery |
IS | Ischemia stroke |
KEGG | Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes |
MCAO/R | Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion |
mNSS | Modified neurological severity scoring |
MMPs | Matrix metalloproteinases |
OB | Oral bioavailability |
PBS | Phosphate buffered saline |
PCR | Polymerase chain reaction |
PDGF-BB | Platelet-derived growth factor B |
PF4 | Platelet factor 4 |
PGI2 | Prostaglandin I2 |
PPI | Protein-Protein Interaction |
PTGS2 | Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 |
SD | Standard Deviation |
SNK | Student-Newman-Keuls |
TGF-β | Transforming growth factor-β |
TIMP-1 | TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 |
TSP | Thrombospondin |
TTC | 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride |
VEGF | Vascular endothelial growth factor |
VEGFR2 | VEGF receptor-2 |
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Gene | Sequence |
---|---|
PTGS2 | Forward: 5′- CTCAGCCATGCAGCAAATCC-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GGGTGGGCTTCAGCAGTAAT-3′ | |
PGI2 | Forward: 5′-CTCTGGGCAACCGAGGAAAT-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GTTGTGGCGGATGGAGTTCTT-3′ | |
TSP-1 | Forward: 5′-GATGTCCGACTTATTCGAGAGC-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-TTGAGCTGTAAGCGCCTTCTA-3′ | |
bFGF | Forward: 5′-GGGGACTTGGTTGCCTTTT-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-CAGCCATCGCAGATCACATT-3′ | |
VEGF | Forward: 5′-CTGGAGAAACCTGCCAAGTATG-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GGTGGAAGAATGGGAGTTGCT-3′ | |
GAPDH | Forward: 5′-CTGGAGAAACCTGCCAAGTATG-3′ |
Reverse: 5′-GGTGGAAGAATGGGAGTTGCT-3′ |
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Xu, S.; Yang, J.; Wan, H.; Yu, L.; He, Y. Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032126
Xu S, Yang J, Wan H, Yu L, He Y. Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(3):2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032126
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Shouchao, Jiehong Yang, Haitong Wan, Li Yu, and Yu He. 2023. "Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3: 2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032126
APA StyleXu, S., Yang, J., Wan, H., Yu, L., & He, Y. (2023). Combination of Radix Astragali and Safflower Promotes Angiogenesis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke via Silencing PTGS2. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 2126. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032126