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Volume 26
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10.3390/ijms26031254
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Nanotechnology Meets Phytotherapy: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Treat Bacterial Infections

by
Katarzyna Pacyga
1,*,
Paweł Pacyga
2,
Emilia Szuba
3,
Szymon Viscardi
4,
Ewa Topola
4 and
Anna Duda-Madej
5
1
Department of Environment Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
2
Department of Thermodynamics and Renewable Energy Sources, Faculty of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
3
Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
4
Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Ludwika Pasteura 1, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
5
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 4, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(3), 1254; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031254
Submission received: 13 January 2025 / Revised: 30 January 2025 / Accepted: 30 January 2025 / Published: 31 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds of Natural Origin)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of bacterial infections and the rise in antibiotic resistance have prompted the search for alternative therapeutic strategies. One promising approach involves combining plant-based bioactive substances with nanoparticles, which have demonstrated improved antimicrobial activity compared to their free forms, both in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical studies. This approach not only improves their stability but also enables targeted delivery to bacterial cells, reducing side effects and minimising the risk of resistance development, leading to more effective treatments. This narrative review explores the benefits of combining bioactive plant compounds (berberine, catechin, chelerythrine, cinnamaldehyde, ellagic acid, proanthocyanidin, and sanguinarine) with nanoparticles for the treatment of bacterial infections (caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa), highlighting the potential of this approach to overcome the limitations of traditional antimicrobial therapies. Ultimately, this strategy offers a promising alternative in the fight against resistant bacterial strains, paving the way for the development of more effective and sustainable treatments.
Keywords: bioactive compounds; nanoparticles; antibacterial activity; biological activity; drug-resistant bacteria bioactive compounds; nanoparticles; antibacterial activity; biological activity; drug-resistant bacteria

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Pacyga, K.; Pacyga, P.; Szuba, E.; Viscardi, S.; Topola, E.; Duda-Madej, A. Nanotechnology Meets Phytotherapy: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Treat Bacterial Infections. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031254

AMA Style

Pacyga K, Pacyga P, Szuba E, Viscardi S, Topola E, Duda-Madej A. Nanotechnology Meets Phytotherapy: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Treat Bacterial Infections. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(3):1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031254

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pacyga, Katarzyna, Paweł Pacyga, Emilia Szuba, Szymon Viscardi, Ewa Topola, and Anna Duda-Madej. 2025. "Nanotechnology Meets Phytotherapy: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Treat Bacterial Infections" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 3: 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031254

APA Style

Pacyga, K., Pacyga, P., Szuba, E., Viscardi, S., Topola, E., & Duda-Madej, A. (2025). Nanotechnology Meets Phytotherapy: A Cutting-Edge Approach to Treat Bacterial Infections. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(3), 1254. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26031254

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