Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Dioxin Exposure through Foods in a Dioxin Hot Spot—Bien Hoa City, Vietnam
Abstract
:1. Issue Identification
2. Hazard Identification
2.1. Dioxin Toxicity
2.2. Physio-Chemical Properties
2.3. Environmental Fate
2.4. Absorption, Distribution and Excretion
2.5. Human Health Impacts
3. Dose-Response Assessment
4. Exposure Assessment
5. Risk Characterization
6. Stakeholder Engagement, Risk Communication & Community Consultation
7. Risk Management
Acknowledgments
References
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Species | Effect | Dose | Incremental Body Burden (ng/kg) |
---|---|---|---|
Rhesus | Object learning | ∼160 pg/kg/d | 42* |
Rhesus | Endometriosis | ∼160 pg/kg/d | 42** |
Rat | Genital malformation | 200 ng/kg # | 73* |
Rat | Immune suppression | 100 ng/kg # | 50* |
Rat | Decreased sperm count | 64 ng/kg # | 28* |
Mouse | Immune suppression (viral susceptibility) | 10 ng/kg # | 10 |
Current Average Body Burden Levels in Humans (“Background”) | ∼10 |
Types of foods in Bien Hoa | Levels of TCDD contamination (ppt or pg/g)* | Approximate daily food intake (g) that is tolerable for person weighing 50 kg** |
---|---|---|
Duck/wild goose | 276–331 | 0.15–0.6 g |
Duck/wild goose fat | 536–550 | 0.09–0.36 g |
Snakehead fish | 66 | 0.76–3.0 g |
Snakehead fish fat | 15,349 | 0.003–0.013 g |
Chicken | 0.35–48 | 1–4 g |
Toad | 80 | 0.63–2.5 g |
Toad fat | 11,765 | 0.004–0.017 g |
Pig | 0.6–1.1 | 45–180 g |
Beef | 0.11–0.21 | 238–950 g |
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Tuyet-Hanh, T.T.; Vu-Anh, L.; Ngoc-Bich, N.; Tenkate, T. Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Dioxin Exposure through Foods in a Dioxin Hot Spot—Bien Hoa City, Vietnam. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7, 2395-2406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7052395
Tuyet-Hanh TT, Vu-Anh L, Ngoc-Bich N, Tenkate T. Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Dioxin Exposure through Foods in a Dioxin Hot Spot—Bien Hoa City, Vietnam. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2010; 7(5):2395-2406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7052395
Chicago/Turabian StyleTuyet-Hanh, Tran Thi, Le Vu-Anh, Nguyen Ngoc-Bich, and Thomas Tenkate. 2010. "Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Dioxin Exposure through Foods in a Dioxin Hot Spot—Bien Hoa City, Vietnam" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7, no. 5: 2395-2406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7052395
APA StyleTuyet-Hanh, T. T., Vu-Anh, L., Ngoc-Bich, N., & Tenkate, T. (2010). Environmental Health Risk Assessment of Dioxin Exposure through Foods in a Dioxin Hot Spot—Bien Hoa City, Vietnam. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(5), 2395-2406. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7052395