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Peer-Review Record

Unveiling the Nexus: Exploring the Impact of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance of Acquiring Companies in the Indian Context

J. Risk Financial Manag. 2024, 17(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17010013
by Debi Prasad Satapathy 1, Tarun Kumar Soni 2,* and Pramod Kumar Patjoshi 3
Reviewer 1: Anonymous
Reviewer 2:
Reviewer 3: Anonymous
J. Risk Financial Manag. 2024, 17(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17010013
Submission received: 4 November 2023 / Revised: 17 December 2023 / Accepted: 18 December 2023 / Published: 27 December 2023

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

1. Please improve the motivation for the study. you say 'The study investigates the effect of corporate governance characteristics on the financial performance of 124 Indian-listed companies that have undergone mergers and acquisitions during 2014–2020' - why do you want to study this  research question? Has it not been answered before (no, it has). Is the setting unique (M&As, India)? Maybe, but you need to explain it to the reader. The bottom line is that you need to motivate why you are conducting this study better. What is the novel aspect that you are addressing? This has to be presented in the first paragraph of the paper - what you do and why.

2. Write in a concise way discussing your main results, not every finding you have. So report in the abstract and in the introduction what your main findings are. 

3. you need to summarize your main findings in the introduction. Are the results consistent with previous evidence? If not, why?

4. You are saying that you want to specifically look at firm performance after M&As so that means in reviewing the literature and all discussion you need to focus on that. This means studies that look at the relation between CG and performance are not directly relevant as they describe unconditional performance. This focus on M&As is what helps you differentiate from earlier research so please stick to it.

5. Table 1 should be included as an appendix. You should discuss the main findings from those studies, as relevant to your setting, in Section 2 Literature Review. This should be a critical discussion. 

6. you can have 1 model and explain you will use different dependent variables. You do not need to repeat the same equation 12 times. 

7. Discuss how reasonable your descriptive statistics are, e.g., is ROA of 3.15 reasonable? 

8. Table 5 is not displayed on the page. 

9. Present variance inflation factors for variables since some measures can be highly correlated. 

10. Control for year and industry effects in the regression. 

11. Clarify in each column in Table 6 what the dependent variable is. Same for table 7. 

Comments on the Quality of English Language

Discuss your results in more detail linking to earlier evidence. Please send your paper for proofreading as it is not easy to follow it at times. 

Author Response

Please improve the motivation for the study.

Thanks for highlighting the same. We have added the motivation of the study in the Introduction. The same has been highlighted in the paper for your reference.  

Write in a concise way discussing your main results, not every finding you have.

Thanks for highlighting the same. We have focused on discussing the main findings of the study in the conclusion part.

You need to summarize your main findings in the introduction. Are the results consistent with previous evidence?

Thanks for pointing it out. We have added the main contribution of the study in the introduction.

You are saying that you want to specifically look at firm performance after M&A;As so that means in reviewing the literature and all discussion you need to focus on that. This means studies that look atthe relation between CG and performance are not directly relevant as they describe unconditional performance. This focus on M&As . what helps you differentiate from earlier research so please stick to it.-

Thanks for pointing it out. Only the relevant literature focusing on M&A and CG have been retained.

5. Table 1 should be included as an appendix.

Thanks for the suggestion. The same has been moved to the appendix.

5. You can have 1 model and explain you will use different dependent variables. You do not need to repeat the same equation 12 times.-

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been incorporated in the paper.

Discuss how reasonable your descriptive statistics are, e.g., is ROA of 3.15 reasonable?-

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been

Table 5 is not displayed on the page

 Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been corrected.

Present variance inflation factors for variables since some measures can be highly correlated

 Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been checked and presented in Appendix. The VIF values are within range and therefore problem of multicollinearity is not present.

Control for year and industry effects in the regression

We have controlled for the Industry effect; Further, the Financial sector was excluded as it may bias our result.  

 Clarify what the dependent variable is in each column in Table 6. Same for table 7

Thanks for pointing it out. The suggestion has been incorporated.

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 2 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors - The expression at the beginning of section 2 should be reviewed.... Ë®This section studies previous studies…Ë®.   - In table 2, the last column does not represent percentages (for example, 0.06 is equivalent to 6% to sum up to 100% in the end).   - It would be ideal to explain the choice of the 2014-2020 period.   - Table 3 does not specify the independent variables.   - Formulating hypotheses related to the expected direction of correlation between variables (from column 3 of table 3) would have been useful.

Author Response

Reviewer 2

The expression at the beginning of section 2 should be reviewed.... This section studies previous studies…Ë®.   - In table 2,

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been corrected.

The last column does not represent percentages (for example, 0.06 is equivalent to 6% to sum up to 100% in the end).  

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been corrected.

It would be ideal to explain the choice of the 2014-2020 period

Thanks for pointing it out. The explanation of the choice of period has been added in the methodology section. 

Table 3 does not specify the independent variables

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been corrected.

Formulating hypotheses related to the expected direction of correlation between variables (from column 3 of table 3) would have been helpful.

 

Thanks for pointing it out. The same has been incorporated in the third column of Table 2. 

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 3 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

Unveiling the Nexus: Exploring the Impact of Corporate Governance on the Financial Performance of Acquiring Companies in the Indian Context is an interesting article that seeks to determine the impact of corporate governance variables on shareholder stock market performance and accounting returns while controlling for various firm characteristics when acquiring a company. The findings appear sounds and methodologically robust although the interpretation of results should carefully consider the potential for multicollinearity. There are, however, a few minor issues that should be addressed.

 

If presenting data in the format of Table 1, it is important to include sufficient information for a reader to know the findings of the literature reviewed.  For example, while Afza & Nazir (2012) has sufficient information, the next article (Alexandridis et. al, 2017) only states “linkage between acquiring firm performance and the director's representation by an outside firm.” This doesn’t tell is if there actually was any link, what it was (if it existed), or how strong it was.  The other columns are fine.  Once more details are moved into the finding section, this could be a very useful table.

 

Please check to ensure that all cited sources are included in the bibliography. For example, I notice that Alexandridis et. al 2017 is cited three times in the text but not included in the bibliography.

 

If using the abbreviation CG for corporate governance, the abbreviation should be defined the first time.

Comments on the Quality of English Language

The English is mostly fine but there are few typos including capitalisation issues.  Also, etc. generally should not be used in academic articles. 

Author Response

Reviewer 3

 

The findings appear sounds and methodologically robust although the interpretation of results should carefully consider the potential for multicollinearity

Thanks for pointing it out. We have carried out VIF test on the formulated model and the results of the test suggest that the model is from from the issue of multicollinearity.

(Alexandridis et. al, 2017) only states “linkage between acquiring firm performance and the director's representation by an outside firm.” This doesn’t tell is if there actually was any link, what it was (if it existed), or how strong it was

Thanks for pointing it out. We have deleted this study to avoid confusion to the reader as suggested.

If using the abbreviation CG for corporate governance, the abbreviation should be defined the first time

Thanks for highlighting, we have defined the same and used CG at al other places in the text.

The English is mostly fine but there are few typos including capitalisation issues

Thanks for highlighting it. We have gone for professional proofreading to avoid any typos in the final manuscript. 

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

Comments and Suggestions for Authors

I appreciate the revision. I still feel the authors could have done a better job motivating the study. Outstanding points:

-you say that you updated the regressions to include year and industry effects in the regressions but the coefficients are the same. This makes me think you did not update the regression models. You also do not show the updated model when describing your research design. Please update the tables so that the regressions control for year and industry effects

-please compare your empirical results to earlier studies - do you find similar signs and significance on the main variables and controls?

-include notes to tables

Comments on the Quality of English Language

I suggest sending the paper for proof reading, it will make it easier to read. 

Author Response

Feedback

Response

you say that you updated the regressions to include year and industry effects in the regressions but the coefficients are the same. This makes me think you did not update the regression models. You also do not show the updated model when describing your research design. Please update the tables so that the regressions control for year and industry effects

 

 

Thanks for pointing it out, we have updated the tables and the equation by taking into account the industry effects and the year effect. We have also updated the same in the methodology section.  

-please compare your empirical results to earlier studies - do you find similar signs and significance on the main variables and controls?

 

Thanks for pointing this out. The same has been done in the conclusion section. 

-include notes to tables

 

Thanks for pointing this out. The same has been included below the Tables 5& 6.  

I suggest sending the paper for proof reading, it will make it easier to read. 

 

Thanks for pointing this out. The paper has been proofread using a paid professional proofreading service. 

 

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

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