Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Horizontal Heat Exchangers for Space Cooling in the Hot Tropical Climate of Thailand
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Climate of Thailand
3. Configuration of the Heat Pump System
3.1. Shallow Ground Heat Exchanger
3.2. Room Cooling Experiment
4. Data Analysis
5. Results and Discussion
5.1. Experiment and Analysis
5.2. Ground Temperature Data
5.3. Life-Cycle Cost Analyses of the Potential Annual CO2 Reduction
- Thailand and other southeast Asian countries are experiencing rapid economic and industrial growth [73].
- The ground-source heat pump is a relatively mature technology.
- A single-function heat pump (only for cooling) is less complicated than those with reversible functions (cooling and heating).
- Labor cost is relatively low; installation cost can be further reduced by a proper arrangement and design.
5.4. Future Study
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Heat Pump | Cooling Capacity (kW) | Heating Capacity (kW) | Inverter | Refrigerant | Energy Rating1 | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GSHP 1 | 4 | 5 | Yes | R410a | - | Imported from Japan |
GSHP 2 | N/A2 | - | No | R410a | N/A3 | Replaced with 7.03 kW Water-R410A plate heat exchanger |
ASHP | 3.5 | - | Yes | R410a | 5 stars | - |
Sensor Location | Sensor Type | Accuracy |
---|---|---|
Indoor air temp. | T type thermocouple | +/−0.5 °C |
Atmospheric air temp. | T type thermocouple | +/−0.5 °C |
Heat transfer fluid inlet | Pt100 platinum resistance | +/−0.2 °C |
Heat transfer fluid outlet | Pt-100 platinum resistance | +/−0.2 °C |
Ground Temperatures | NTC thermistor | +/−0.2 °C |
Heat Pump | Life-Cycle Cost | Cost1 |
---|---|---|
GSHP 1 | Total cost | 5700 |
GSHP 2 | Total cost | 900 |
Ground Heat Exchanger | Material cost | 225 |
Installation cost | 360 | |
ASHP | Unit cost | 630 |
Installation cost | 90 | |
Others | Electricity cost | 0.1352 |
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Widiatmojo, A.; Chokchai, S.; Takashima, I.; Uchida, Y.; Yasukawa, K.; Chotpantarat, S.; Charusiri, P. Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Horizontal Heat Exchangers for Space Cooling in the Hot Tropical Climate of Thailand. Energies 2019, 12, 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071274
Widiatmojo A, Chokchai S, Takashima I, Uchida Y, Yasukawa K, Chotpantarat S, Charusiri P. Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Horizontal Heat Exchangers for Space Cooling in the Hot Tropical Climate of Thailand. Energies. 2019; 12(7):1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071274
Chicago/Turabian StyleWidiatmojo, Arif, Sasimook Chokchai, Isao Takashima, Yohei Uchida, Kasumi Yasukawa, Srilert Chotpantarat, and Punya Charusiri. 2019. "Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Horizontal Heat Exchangers for Space Cooling in the Hot Tropical Climate of Thailand" Energies 12, no. 7: 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071274
APA StyleWidiatmojo, A., Chokchai, S., Takashima, I., Uchida, Y., Yasukawa, K., Chotpantarat, S., & Charusiri, P. (2019). Ground-Source Heat Pumps with Horizontal Heat Exchangers for Space Cooling in the Hot Tropical Climate of Thailand. Energies, 12(7), 1274. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12071274