Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control

Yan, Yinyu; Fan, Zhiyuan; Sun, Yichao; Wang, Wei; Yang, Dongmei; Wei, Zheng

doi:10.3390/en18030701

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Open AccessArticle

Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control

by

Yinyu Yan

^1,2

,

Zhiyuan Fan

^1,2,

Yichao Sun

^1,2,*,

Wei Wang

¹,

Dongmei Yang

¹ and

Zheng Wei

¹

State Key Laboratory of Smart Grid Protection and Control (State Grid Electric Power Research Institute/NARI Group Corporation), Nanjing 211106, China

²

NARI School of Electrical and Automation Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Energies 2025, 18(3), 701; https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030701

Submission received: 24 December 2024 / Revised: 23 January 2025 / Accepted: 27 January 2025 / Published: 3 February 2025

(This article belongs to the Collection Advanced Control and Applications of Power Electronics and Power Converters)

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Abstract

This paper proposes a hybrid multi-vector model predictive control (MPC) to reduce the harmonic content in the output current of a two-level virtual synchronous generator (VSG). Compared to traditional two-vector MPC, the proposed hybrid multi-vector MPC has twelve sets of voltage vectors, meaning that the number of iterative calculations required in each cycle is identical for both control methods. Compared to the three-vector MPC, the proposed method requires more iterative calculations per control period but achieves optimal harmonic content in the output current. In addition, different from the traditional MPC methods, this paper incorporates frequency variation weights into the cost function, which further reduces the harmonic content in the output current. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is validated through a simulation model built in MATLAB/Simulink.

Keywords: virtual synchronous generator; model predictive control; hybrid multi-vector; frequency variation weights

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MDPI and ACS Style

Yan, Y.; Fan, Z.; Sun, Y.; Wang, W.; Yang, D.; Wei, Z. Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control. Energies 2025, 18, 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030701

AMA Style

Yan Y, Fan Z, Sun Y, Wang W, Yang D, Wei Z. Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control. Energies. 2025; 18(3):701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030701

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yan, Yinyu, Zhiyuan Fan, Yichao Sun, Wei Wang, Dongmei Yang, and Zheng Wei. 2025. "Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control" Energies 18, no. 3: 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030701

APA Style

Yan, Y., Fan, Z., Sun, Y., Wang, W., Yang, D., & Wei, Z. (2025). Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control. Energies, 18(3), 701. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18030701

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Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Hybrid Multi-Vector Model Predictive Control

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