Characteristics of Heavily Edited Objects in OpenStreetMap
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Overview
3. Experimental Setup
3.1. Processing Historical OSM Data
3.2. Selection of Study Area and Historical Objects
Version | Number of Objects | Total % | Cumulative % |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 2,246,369 | 59.211 | 59.211% |
2 | 780,320 | 20.568 | 79.779% |
3 | 329,342 | 8.681 | 88.460% |
4 | 169,831 | 4.477 | 92.937% |
5 | 91,488 | 2.412 | 95.349% |
6 | 72,347 | 1.907 | 97.256% |
7→9 | 68,485 | 1.805 | 99.061% |
10→14 | 19,991 | 0.527 | 99.588% |
15→20 | 11,210 | 0.295 | 99.883% |
21→30 | 3,381 | 0.089 | 99.972% |
31→40 | 706 | 0.019 | 99.991% |
> 40 | 343 | 0.009 | 100% |
Total | 3,793,813 | 100% | 100% |
4. Experimental Analysis and Results
4.1. Characteristics of the Study Area
4.2. Contribution Rates
Contributions | #Unique Contributors | % Contributors | Total % |
---|---|---|---|
≤ 5 | 2128 | 51.55 | 51.55 |
5-10 | 521 | 12.62 | 64.17 |
10-20 | 404 | 9.78 | 73.95 |
20-50 | 378 | 9.15 | 83.11 |
50-100 | 252 | 6.10 | 89.22 |
100- 200 | 175 | 4.23 | 93.46 |
200- 500 | 163 | 3.94 | 97.41 |
500- 1000 | 67 | 1.62 | 99.03 |
1000- 2000 | 20 | 0.48 | 99.51 |
2000- 5000 | 18 | 0.43 | 99.95 |
≥ 5000 | 3 | 0.048 | 99.99 |
4.3. Editing the Name Tag Attribute
Version | Name Tag | User ID | Date of Edit |
---|---|---|---|
v1 | NULL | 11895 | 06/07/2008 |
v2 | Station Road | 11895 | 06/08/2008 |
v8 | Oswald Road | 11985 | 07/08/2008 |
v11 | Frodingham Road | 26825 | 10/10/2008 |
v23 | Ferry Road | 11985 | 02/06/2009 |
v25 | Old Crosby | 11985 | 17/06/2009 |
Version | User | HIGHWAY | Edited on |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 7,070 | Trunk | 15/11/09 |
4 | 20,510 | Construction | 16/11/09 |
5 | 7,070 | Trunk | 17/11/09 |
7 | 19,889 | Construction | 17/11/09 |
10 | 7,070 | Trunk | 17/11/09 |
11 | 19,889 | Construction | 17/11/09 |
12 | 7,070 | Trunk | 19/11/09 |
… | … | … | … |
78 | 206,986 | Construction | 19/12/09 |
79 | 7,070 | Trunk | 20/12/09 |
80 | 206,986 | Construction | 20/12/09 |
81 | 210,596 | Trunk | 20/12/09 |
88 | 145,231 | Construction | 16/02/11 |
4.4. Using String Matching to Understand Tag Changes
4.5. General Tagging of Objects
4.6. Changes to Object Geometry
Consecutive Versions | Total | (Same User) |
---|---|---|
Invalid,Invalid | 25,107 (8%) | 21,843 (87%) |
Valid,Valid | 285,598 (91%) | 237,046 (83%) |
Invalid,Valid | 1685 (<1%) | 1145 (68%) |
Valid,Invalid | 1455 (<1%) | 1091 (75%) |
Node Edit Action | Total | (Same User) |
---|---|---|
Nodes Unchanged | 50,216 (16%) | 41,678 (83%) |
Nodes Deleted | 15,692 (5%) | 9,729 (62%) |
Nodes Added | 247,937 (79%) | 223,143 (90%) |
5. Conclusions and Future Work
5.1. Conclusions
5.2. Future Work
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Mooney, P.; Corcoran, P. Characteristics of Heavily Edited Objects in OpenStreetMap. Future Internet 2012, 4, 285-305. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi4010285
Mooney P, Corcoran P. Characteristics of Heavily Edited Objects in OpenStreetMap. Future Internet. 2012; 4(1):285-305. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi4010285
Chicago/Turabian StyleMooney, Peter, and Padraig Corcoran. 2012. "Characteristics of Heavily Edited Objects in OpenStreetMap" Future Internet 4, no. 1: 285-305. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi4010285
APA StyleMooney, P., & Corcoran, P. (2012). Characteristics of Heavily Edited Objects in OpenStreetMap. Future Internet, 4(1), 285-305. https://doi.org/10.3390/fi4010285