Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Macaluso, Alessandra; Genova, Selene; Maringhini, Silvio; Coffaro, Giancarlo; Ziino, Ottavio; D'Angelo, Paolo

doi:10.4081/pr.2015.5760

Open AccessCase Report

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

by

Alessandra Macaluso

¹,

Selene Genova

¹,

Silvio Maringhini

¹,

Giancarlo Coffaro

¹,

Ottavio Ziino

¹ and

Paolo D'Angelo

^4,*

¹

Pediatric Department and Postgraduate School, University of Palermo, Italy

²

Pediatric Nephrology Unit, G. Di Cristina Children’s Hospital, Palermo, Italy

³

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, G. Di Cristina Children’s Hospital, Palermo, Italy

⁴

Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina and Benfratelli Hospital, Palermo, Italy

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7(1), 5760; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760

Submission received: 14 December 2014 / Revised: 24 January 2015 / Accepted: 24 January 2015 / Published: 27 March 2015

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Abstract

Tumor lysis syndrome is a serious and dangerous complication usually associated with antiblastic treatment in some malignancies characterized by high cell turn-over. Mild or severe electrolyte abnormalities including high serum levels of uric acid, potassium, phosphorus, creatinine, bun and reduction of calcium can be responsible for multi-organ failure, involving mostly kidneys, heart and central nervous system. Renal damage can be followed by acute renal failure, weight gain, progressive liver impairment, overproduction of cytokines, and subsequent maintenance of multi-organ damage. Life-threatening acute respiratory failure associated with tumor lysis syndrome is rare. We describe a child with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who developed an unusually dramatic tumor lysis syndrome, after administration of the first low doses of steroid, that was rapidly associated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Subsequent clinical course and treatment modalities that resulted in the gradual and full recovery of the child are also described.

Keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome; tumor lysis syndrome; acute lymphoblastic leukemia; childhood

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MDPI and ACS Style

Macaluso, A.; Genova, S.; Maringhini, S.; Coffaro, G.; Ziino, O.; D'Angelo, P. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatr. Rep. 2015, 7, 5760. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760

AMA Style

Macaluso A, Genova S, Maringhini S, Coffaro G, Ziino O, D'Angelo P. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatric Reports. 2015; 7(1):5760. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760

Chicago/Turabian Style

Macaluso, Alessandra, Selene Genova, Silvio Maringhini, Giancarlo Coffaro, Ottavio Ziino, and Paolo D'Angelo. 2015. "Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia" Pediatric Reports 7, no. 1: 5760. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760

APA Style

Macaluso, A., Genova, S., Maringhini, S., Coffaro, G., Ziino, O., & D'Angelo, P. (2015). Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pediatric Reports, 7(1), 5760. https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2015.5760

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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Associated with Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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