Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture
College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236041, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2017, 7(10), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7100297
Submission received: 23 July 2017
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Revised: 24 September 2017
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Accepted: 29 September 2017
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Published: 2 October 2017
Abstract
:A new complex, [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1, H3L·HCl = 5-((4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl)isophthalic acid hydrochloride), has been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The result of the X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the complex crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c and three unique Cu(II) atoms that are connected by partially deprotonated HL2− anion to form a cyclic structure. The rich hydrogen bonding and π-π non-covalent packing interactions extend cyclic units into a three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular polymer. Moreover, the thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and water vapor adsorption property of 1 were also discussed.
1. Introduction
Recently, much progress has been made in the field of metal organic coordination polymers. A large number of novel polymers with intriguing structures and topologies have been constructed by means of deliberate design by researchers, which possess favorable properties such as magnetism, photoluminescence, gas adsorption/separation, and catalysis [1,2,3,4]. Generally, the metal-organic polymers are composed of the two fundamental elements of organic ligands and metal ions. Therefore, the nature of ligands and metal ions has a great influence on the structures and properties of polymers [5,6,7]. In addition, other factors including the solvent system, pH value, counterions, metal-to-ligand ratio, and reaction temperature can also decide the structures of polymers [8,9,10]. Furthermore, weak interactions among supramolecular structures such as hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking can significantly contribute to the construction of a high-dimensional framework [11,12,13]. In this context, the design of organic ligands is the vital factor for building desirable metal organic coordination polymers [14,15]. Among the devised organic ligands, the multi-N donor and carboxylate organic ligands are most extensively employed to build diverse polymers with novel structures and interesting properties. It should be mentioned that multi-carboxylate organic ligands such as 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate, 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate, 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate, and others have been widely used in the assembly of coordination polymers due to the favorable coordination ability for the carboxyl groups [16,17]. In addition to the diverse coordination modes, the carboxyl groups can also act as a hydrogen bonding donor or acceptor, which benefits the formation of high-dimensional supramolecular structures [18]. Based on the diverse coordination modes of the carboxylate ligands, we have designed a series of routes to synthesize a semirigid polycarboxylate ligand—5-((4-carboxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl)isophthalic acid hydrochloride (H3L·HCl) in our previous study [19]. Significantly, the organic molecule possesses three carboxyl groups, which may potentially show various coordination modes to coordinate with metal ions, benefiting the formation of diverse coordination polymers. Meanwhile, the carboxyl groups can act as hydrogen bond acceptors/donors, depending upon the degree of deprotonation. Furthermore, the ligand includes the flexible -CH2- group which make the connected carboxyl group flexibly twist in order to meet the coordination requirements of metal centers [19]. In this work, we make a further study to build metal organic coordination polymers based on the multi-carboxylate ligand. Here, we report the syntheses and crystal structure of a new coordination polymer [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1) obtained by the reaction of H3L·HCl with CuCl2·2H2O.
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Structural Description of [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1)
The compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group with the asymmetric unit containing three independent Cu(II) ions with one or a half occupancies, two completely deprotonated HL2− ligands and seven coordinated water molecules (Figure 1). The central Cu1 and Cu3 atoms with half occupancies are six coordinated by carboxylate oxygen atoms from the HL2− ligand, or coordinated water ligands, forming a distorted octahedral coordination geometry, with Cu-O bond distances ranging from 2.005(3) to 2.133(3) Å (Table 1). The unique Cu2 atom coordinates with two carboxylate oxygen atoms (O6, O7) from two different HL2− ligands, and another three oxygen atoms (O3W, O4W, O5W) from three coordinated water ligands, thereby forming a five-coordinated with distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry. The HL2− ligands are both employed as a μ2-bridge to link two Cu(II) atoms with two carboxylate groups by adopting a μ1-η0:η1-monodentate coordination mode, while the third carboxylate group is deprotonated so as to keep the positive charge balance of the Cu(II) complex. Four HL2− ligands link Cu(II) atoms to form cyclic-tetranuclear Cu4(HL2−)4 building units (Figure 1). Meanwhile, the carboxylate moieties can service as hydrogen bonding acceptors that are favorable to benefitting the construction of supramolecular structures. As a result, abundant hydrogen bonds are present among coordinated water molecules and carboxylate groups, as exhibited in Table 2. The cyclic-tetranuclear Cu4(HL2−)4 units were a bridge to a one-dimensional (1D) chain by hydrogen bonding interactions (O(5W)···O(5)g 2.525(4) Å, O(5W)-H(5X)···O(5) 153°; O(5W)···O(5W)g 3.047(4) Å, O(5W)-H(5Y)···O(5W)g 114°; O(5W)···O(8)g 2.768(4) Å, O(5W)-H(5Y)···O(8) 125°) (Figure 2). Particularly, the central benzene plane of ligands between the adjacent 1D chains are parallel and separated by a centroid–centroid distance of 3.57 Å, indicating the presence of strong π-π stacking interactions [20]. The adjacent 1D chains also have the hydrogen bonds (O(4)···O(7W)f 3.298(4) Å, O(4)-H(4C)···O(7W) 153°; N(2)···O(4)c 2.772(4) Å, N(2)-H(2)···O(4)c 170°) that were connected to the two-dimensional (2D) layer structure (Figure 3). Furthermore, the adjacent layers pack together via extensive O-H···O and C-H···O hydrogen bond interactions (O(3W)···O(2)a, 2.954(4) Å, O(3W)-H(3Y)···O(2) 125°; C(24)···O(12)d 3.383(5) Å, C(24)-H(24A)···O(12) 163°; C(24)···O(12)d 3.383(5) Å, C(24)-H(24A)···O(12) 163°; C(3)···O(2W)e 3.142(5) Å, C(3)-H(3)···O(2W) 145°; N(1)···O(8)a 2.787(4) Å, N(1)-H(1)···O(8) 166°; C(5)···O(2W)e 3.063(5) Å, C(5)-H(5B)···O(2W)d 141°), generating a 3D supramolecular framework, as shown in Figure 4 (Table 2). There also exist strong π-π stacking interactions with a centroid–centroid distance of 3.40 Å for the central benzene plane of HL2− ligands. It should be noted that the coordinated H2O molecules occupy the voids between the 3D supramolecular architecture, forming a 3D supra-molecular framework by hydrogen bonding and strong π-π stacking interactions, which contributes to the stabilization of the crystal packing of the adjacent 1D chain (Figure 5). PLATON [21] analysis shows that the structure of 1 consists of voids of 2286.4 Å3 that represent 28.5% per unit cell volume of 8018.0 Å3 upon removal of the coordinated water molecules.
2.2. Thermal Analysis and Powder X-ray Diffraction Analysis
The thermogravimetric analysis was carried out in order to ascertain the compositional stability of the supramolecular architecture of 1, and the result is shown in Figure 6. From the thermogravimetric analysis curves, a weight loss of 13.66% was observed for 1 in the temperature range of 105 ~ 185 °C, due to the loss of water molecules (calcd. 14.05%); the residue is stable up to about 465 °C. The crystalline phase-purity was confirmed by the powder XRD experiment, and Figure 7 shows the crystalline phase-purity of 1, because of the consistency between the as-synthesized sample and the corresponding simulated one.
2.3. Sorption Property of Complex 1
The structural analysis of 1 shows that the carboxyl groups exhibit three different forms as follows: deprotonated to be anion and participate in coordination, or balance the positive charges of Cu(II) ions by deprotonation, thus exhibiting versatile coordination modes. As mentioned above, water ligands and the carboxyl groups can act as a hydrogen bonding donor or acceptor, and thus there exist rich hydrogen bonding weak interactions among supramolecular structures as exhibited in Figure 2. As shown in the structural analysis, the total void value of 1 is estimated to be 28.5% of the total crystal volume, which is occupied by coordination water ligands, thus a rich hydrogen bonding interaction exists in the supramolecular architecture. In this sense, the backbone of 1 shows favorable hydrophilic properties due to the hydrogen bonding interaction. In order to test the hydrophilic property of the supramolecular architecture, water vapor adsorption was carried out in this experiment. TGA and PXRD measurements have been carried out to ascertain the thermal stability of the complex for sorption property investigation. After heating 1 at 160 °C for 24 h in a vacuum, the coordinated water molecule was removed. The PXRD pattern shows that the framework of dehydrated samples of 1′ is retained because of the consistency of the PXRD pattern between the experimental pattern and the dehydrated pattern (Figure 7). Taking into consideration that this coordination polymer framework may have hydrophilic abilities due to the existence of rich hydrogen bonding, a water vapor adsorption experiment was carried out for the dehydrated samples of 1′ to verify the hydrophilic ability; water vapor adsorption profiles are shown in Figure 8. The H2O vapor adsorption isotherm at 298 K of 1′ shows great uptake in the pressure region of 0 ~ 0.25 atm, which then gradually increases (Figure 8). The adsorption value of the H2O uptake at 1.0 atm is 145.39 cm3·g−1, corresponding to 5.71 H2O molecules per formula unit. However, the desorption isotherm is not well consistent with the adsorption isotherm, showing a large hysteresis loop with incomplete desorption. This phenomenon may be attributed to the hydrogen bond interactions between water molecules and hydrophilic channels [22].
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Materials and Instrumentation
All reagents were of reagent grade and used as purchased from commercial sources without further purification. The H3L·HCl ligand was synthesized according to Scheme 1. Elemental analyses were performed on a Perkin-Elmer 240C Elemental Analyzer (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). Infrared spectra were collected from single crystals of the compounds using a Bruker Vector 22 FT-IR spectrophotometer (Instrument Inc., Karlsruhe, Germany) with KBr pellets. Thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) were performed on a simultaneous SDT 2960 thermal analyzer (Thermal Analysis Instrument Inc., New Castle, DE, USA) under nitrogen at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Power X-ray diffraction (PXRD) patterns were measured on a Shimadzu XRD-6000 X-ray diffractometer (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) with CuKα (λ = 1.5418 Å) radiation at room temperature. Water (H2O) vapor sorption experiments were carried out on an Autosorb-iQ gas sorption instrument in Quantachrome Instruments U.S (Quantachrome, Delray Beach, FL, USA). The sample was activated by using the “outgas” function of the surface area analyzer (Quantachrome, Delray Beach, FL, USA) for 24 h at 160 °C.
3.2. Synthesis of Dimethyl 5-(Bromomethyl)isophthalate (I)
A mixture of dimethyl 5-methylisophthalate (2.08 g, 0.01 mol), N-bromosuccinimide (3.56 g, 0.02 mol) and benzoyl peroxide (0.24 g, 0.001 mol) in CCl4 (50 mL) was prepared and heated at 85 °C under reflux for 2 h. The reaction mixture was then filtered through Celite and the filtrate was concentrated to obtain white power. The residue was subjected to column chromatography (10–40% EtOAc in hexane) to yield colorless solid (2.48 g, 0.008 mmol). Yield: 86% based on dimethyl 5-methylisophthalate, m.p.: 139 ~ 140 °C. ESI-MS, m/z: 287.25 [M]+. Anal. Calcd. (%) for C11H11BrO4: C, 46.02; H, 3.86. Found (%): C, 46.32; H, 3.65. 1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz), δ: 4.08 (s, 6H, OCH3), 4.58 (s, 2H, CH2Br), 8.32 (s, 2Har), 8.75 (s, 1Har). IR (KBr pellet, cm−1): 3424 (w), 3072 (w), 2952(m), 1720 (vs), 1602 (m), 1456 (s), 1434 (s), 1275 (s), 1244 (vs), 1337 (s), 1126 (s), 1105 (s), 1000 (s), 925 (s), 892 (w), 865 (m), 757 (vs), 722 (m), 693 (s), 623 (s), 571 (m).
3.3. Synthesis of 1-(3,5-bis(Methoxycarbonyl)benzyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic Acid (II)
The mixed solution of piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (1.29 g, 0.01 mol) and NaOH (0.8 g, 0.02 mol) in DMF (15 mL) reacted for 1h at room temperature. The reactant was added dropwise to a solution of 5-(bromomethyl)isophthalate (2.87 g, 0.01 mol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF, 20 mL) with stirring, and the mixture was heated at 80 °C for 1 h. When the solution was cooled to room temperature, the solution was poured into water (100 mL) and white solid was obtained and separated by filtration with a yield of 82% based on piperidine-4-carboxylic acid. Anal. Calcd. (%) for C17H21NO6: C, 60.89; H, 6.31; N, 4.18. Found (%): C, 60.31; H, 6.61; N, 3.91. IR (KBr pellet, cm−1): 3442 (w), 3093 (w), 2958 (m), 1735 (vs), 1712 (s), 1613 (m), 1459 (s), 1441 (m), 1269(m), 1248(s), 1338(m), 1128 (s), 1112 (m), 998(s), 927 (s), 894 (w), 864 (m), 758 (s), 726 (m), 696 (m), 625 (m), 568 (m).
3.4. Synthesis of 5-((4-Carboxypiperidin-1-yl)methyl)isophthalic Acid Hydrochloride (III, H3L·HCl)
Hydrolysis of the 1-(3,5-bis(methoxycarbonyl)benzyl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid was accomplished by stirring the solid with 10 equiv of NaOH in a mixture of EtOH/water 1:1 kept at 100 °C for 24 h followed by acidification using 1 N HCl, extraction in EtOAc, drying over Na2SO4, and standing for crystallization (white solid, 80% yield). Anal. Calcd. (%) for C15H18N4O6Cl: C, 52.41; H, 5.28; N, 4.07. Found (%): C, 52.71; H, 5.03; N, 4.23. IR (KBr pellet, cm−1): 3423 (m), 3079 (m), 2943 (m), 1727 (vs), 1609 (m), 1463 (m), 1396 (m), 1326 (m), 1291(m), 1240 (m), 1225 (m), 1199 (s), 1142 (w), 1059 (m), 973 (w), 917 (m), 758 (s), 677 (m), 666 (m).
3.5. Synthesis of Complex [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1)
A mixture containing H3L·HCl (34.3 mg, 0.1 mmol), CuCl2·2H2O (0.1 mmol, 17.0 mg) and NaOH (8.0 mg, 0.2 mmol) in 10 mL H2O was sealed in a Teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave and heated under autogenous pressure to 100 °C for 72 h to produce a blue solution. The reaction solution was filtered into a glass beaker sealed with porous preservative film, and filtrate was allowed to slowly evaporate at room temperature. After about 3–4 weeks, blue block crystals were obtained in 65% yield by washing with water and ethanol several times. Anal. Calcd for C60H88N4O38Cu4: C, 41.02; H, 5.36; N, 3.24%. Found: C, 40.56; H, 5.35; N, 2.92%. IR (KBr pellet, cm−1): 3630–2962 (m, br), 2952(m), 1625 (s), 1562 (s), 1456 (m), 1409 (w), 1103 (w), 1057 (w), 982 (w), 909 (m), 862 (w), 769 (s), 722 (m), 693 (w), 545 (w). Compared with the H3L·HCl ligand, the carboxylic groups in complex 1 are completely deprotonated to carboxylate anions as demonstrated by the disappearance of the characteristic peak carboxylic group of 1727 cm−1 (Figure 9).
3.6. Crystal Structure Determination
The single crystal data of [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1) was collected on a Bruker Smart APEX CCD diffractometer with graphite-monochromated MoKα radiation (λ = 0.71073 Å) at 293(2) K. The structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares on F2 using the SHELX-97 program [23]. The crystallographic data and structural refinements are listed in Table 3.
Crystallographic data for the structure reported in this paper has been deposited with the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre as supplementary publication No. CCDC 1572130 for 1. A copy of the data can be obtained free of charge on application to CCDC, 12 Union Road, Cambridge CB2 1EZ, UK (Fax: +44-1223-336-033; E-Mail: [email protected]).
4. Conclusions
In summary, we successfully obtained one new coordination polymer [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14] (1) by the reaction of Cu(II) salt with a ligand with multicarboxylate functional groups. The complex shows a 1D chain structure. Furthermore, complex 1 exhibits water vapor adsorption properties.
Acknowledgments
This project was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fuyang (KJ2011B123) and the Key Projects of Support Program for Outstanding Young Talents in Anhui Province Colleges and Universities (gxyqZD2016068).
Author Contributions
Qiao Rui designed the method and completed the manuscript. Zhang Zi-You and Zhu Mei-An synthesized the ligand and the metal coordination polymers.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Figure 1.
The coordination environment of Cu(II) in complex 1 with ellipsoids drawn at 30% probability level (Symmetry codes: (A) 1 − x, y, 5/2 − z).
Figure 1.
The coordination environment of Cu(II) in complex 1 with ellipsoids drawn at 30% probability level (Symmetry codes: (A) 1 − x, y, 5/2 − z).
Figure 2.
The packing diagram built from a 1D chain by rich hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interaction.
Figure 2.
The packing diagram built from a 1D chain by rich hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interaction.
Figure 3.
The 2D layer structure linked by rich hydrogen bond interaction.
Figure 4.
The 3D framework of 1 packed by hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking interactions.
Figure 5.
3D supramolecular architecture with voids occupied by coordinated water molecules highlighted in space-filling.
Figure 5.
3D supramolecular architecture with voids occupied by coordinated water molecules highlighted in space-filling.
Figure 6.
Thermal analysis curve of the complex 1.
Figure 7.
Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the complex 1 at varied temperatures.
Figure 8.
H2O adsorption isotherm at 298 K for 1′: filled shape, adsorption; open shape, desorption.
Figure 8.
H2O adsorption isotherm at 298 K for 1′: filled shape, adsorption; open shape, desorption.
Scheme 1.
Synthesis route for ligand H3L·HCl.
Figure 9.
IR spectra of H3L·HCl and complex 1.
Table 1.
Selected bond lengths (Å) and bond angles (°) for 1.
| Bond | d | Bond | d |
| Cu(1)-O(1W) | 2.003(3) | Cu(1)-O(1) | 2.053(3) |
| Cu(1)-O(2W) | 2.048(3) | Cu(2)-O(3W) | 2.066(3) |
| Cu(2)-O(4W) | 2.003(3) | Cu(2)-O(5W) | 2.119(3) |
| Cu(2)-O(6) | 1.979(3) | Cu(2)-O(7) | 2.013(3) |
| Cu(3)-O(6W) | 2.046(3) | Cu(3)-O(7W) | 2.009(3) |
| Cu(3)-O(11) | 2.131(3) | - | - |
| >Angle | >ω | >Angle | >ω |
| O(1)-Cu(1)-O(1W) | 94.90(13) | O(1)-Cu(1)-O(2W) | 103.39(13) |
| O(1)-Cu(1)-O(1) i | 174.45(17) | O(1)-Cu(1)-O(1W) i | 88.99(13) |
| O(1)-Cu(1)-O(2W) i | 73.05(12) | O(1W)-Cu(1)-O(2W) i | 73.00(11) |
| O(1W)-Cu(1)-O(2W) | 83.85(12) | O(1W)-Cu(1)-O(1W) i | 91.16(18) |
| O(1W)-Cu(1)-O(2W) i | 166.98(12) | O(2W)-Cu(1)-O(2W) i | 103.45(17) |
| O(3W)-Cu(2)-O(5W) | 97.37(12) | O(3W)-Cu(2)-O(6) | 90.65(11) |
| O(3W)-Cu(2)-O(7) | 88.08(11) | O(4W)-Cu(2)-O(7) | 94.05(11) |
| O(4W)-Cu(2)-O(5W) | 169.00(11) | O(4W)-Cu(2)-O(6) | 91.45(11) |
| O(6W)-Cu(3)-O(7W) | 74.90(12) | O(6W)-Cu(3)-O(11) | 88.51(14) |
| O(6W)-Cu(3)-O(7W) i | 165.99(12) | O(6W)-Cu(3)-O(6W) i | 119.1(2) |
| O(6W)-Cu(3)-O(11) i | 87.35(11) | O(7W)-Cu(3)-O(11) | 96.51(13) |
| O(7W)-Cu(3)-O(7W) i | 91.36(19) | O(7W)-Cu(3)-O(11) i | 89.06(13) |
| O(6W)i-Cu(3)-O(11) | 87.46(14) | O(11)-Cu(3)-O(11) i | 172.04(19) |
Symmetry codes: (i) 1 − x, y, 5/2 − z.
Table 2.
Hydrogen bond lengths (å) and bond angles (°) for [Cu4(HL)4(H2O)14]n.
| D-H···A | d(D-H) | d(H···A) | d(D···A) | ∠DHA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N(1)-H(1)···O(8) a | 0.91 | 1.90 | 2.787(4) | 166 |
| O(1W)-H(1X)···O(2) | 0.85 | 2.05 | 2.838(4) | 154 |
| O(1W)-H(1Y)···O(2) b | 0.85 | 2.08 | 2.790(4) | 140 |
| N(2)-H(2)···O(4) c | 0.91 | 1.87 | 2.772(4) | 170 |
| O(3W)-H(3X)···O(11) d | 0.80 | 2.36 | 2.722(4) | 114 |
| O(3W)-H(3Y)···O(2) e | 0.88 | 2.36 | 2.959(4) | 125 |
| O(4)-H(4C)···O(7W) f | 0.96 | 2.49 | 3.298(4) | 142 |
| O(4W)-H(4X)···O(8) | 0.96 | 2.51 | 3.261(4) | 135 |
| O(4W)-H(4Y)···O(3) c | 0.96 | 1.85 | 2.667(4) | 141 |
| O(5W)-H(5X)···O(5) g | 0.96 | 1.63 | 2.525(4) | 153 |
| O(5W)-H(5Y)···O(5W) g | 0.96 | 2.53 | 3.047(4) | 114 |
| O(5W)-H(5Y)···O(8) g | 0.96 | 2.10 | 2.768(4) | 125 |
| O(6W)-H(6Y)···O(3W) h | 0.87 | 2.47 | 3.336(4) | 174 |
| C(3)-H(3)···O(2W) e | 0.98 | 2.29 | 3.142(5) | 145 |
| C(5)-H(5A)···O(9) a | 0.97 | 2.48 | 3.309(5) | 143 |
| C(5)-H(5B)···O(2W) e | 0.97 | 2.25 | 3.063(5) | 141 |
| C(24)-H(24A)···O(12) d | 0.97 | 2.44 | 3.383(5) | 163 |
| C(25)-H(25A)···O(5) c | 0.97 | 2.49 | 3.318(5) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (a) 1/2 − x, −1/2 + y, 3/2 − z; (b) 1 − x, y, 5/2 − z; (c) 1/2 − x, 1/2 + y, 3/2 − z; (d) x, 1 − y, −1/2 + z; (e) x, −y, −1/2 + z; (f) −1/2 + x, 1/2 − y, −1/2 + z; (g) 1/2 − x, 1/2 − y, 1 − z; (h) 1 − x, 1 − y, 2 – z.
Table 3.
Crystallographic data and structure refinements for 1.
| Empirical Formula | C60H88N4O38Cu4 |
|---|---|
| Formula weight | 1727.50 |
| Temperature/K | 291(2) |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic |
| Space group | C 2/c |
| a/Å | 29.539(12) |
| b/Å | 20.530(9) |
| c/Å | 13.280(8) |
| α/° | 90 |
| β/° | 95.365(9) |
| γ/° | 90 |
| Volume/Å3 | 8018(7) |
| Z | 4 |
| ρcalcmg/mm3 | 1.434 |
| μ/mm−1 | 1.136 |
| S | 1.089 |
| F(000) | 3600 |
| Index ranges | −38 ≤ h ≤ 38, −26 ≤ k ≤ 22, −17 ≤ l ≤ 16 |
| Reflections collected | 36887 |
| Independent reflections | 9546 |
| Data/restraints/parameters | 9546/4/479 |
| Goodness-of-fit on F2 | 1.021 |
| Final R indexes [I >= 2σ (I)] | R1 = 0.061, wR2 = 0.1617 |
| Final R indexes [all data] | R1 = 0.0985, wR2 = 0.1694 |
| Largest diff. peak/hole/e Å−3 | 0.092/−1.194 |
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Qiao, R.; Zhang, Z.-Y.; Zhu, M.-A. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture. Crystals 2017, 7, 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7100297
AMA Style
Qiao R, Zhang Z-Y, Zhu M-A. Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture. Crystals. 2017; 7(10):297. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7100297
Chicago/Turabian StyleQiao, Rui, Zi-You Zhang, and Mei-An Zhu. 2017. "Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture" Crystals 7, no. 10: 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7100297
APA StyleQiao, R., Zhang, Z. -Y., & Zhu, M. -A. (2017). Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Water Vapor Adsorption Properties of a Porous Supramolecular Architecture. Crystals, 7(10), 297. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst7100297
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