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Volume 17
Issue 3
10.3390/w17030424
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Wave–Structure Interaction Modeling of Transient Flow Around Channel Obstacles and Contractions

by
Shahin Oodi
1,
Saeed Gohari
1,
Silvia Di Francesco
2,*,
Rouzbeh Nazari
3,
Mohammad Reza Nikoo
4,
Payam Heidarian
5,
Ali Eidi
6,7 and
Alireza Khoshkonesh
8
1
Water Science Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 65175-4161, Iran
2
Engineering Department, Niccolò Cusano University, 00166 Rome, Italy
3
Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38125, USA
4
Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos University, P.C.123, AL Khoudh Street, Muscat P.O. Box 33, Oman
5
Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
6
Department of Flow Physics & Technology, Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, TU Delft, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands
7
School of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-13131, Iran
8
Department of Geography, School of Social Sciences, History, and Philosophy, Birkbeck University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Water 2025, 17(3), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030424
Submission received: 9 December 2024 / Revised: 18 January 2025 / Accepted: 25 January 2025 / Published: 3 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of downstream channel obstacles and the lateral transition distance to the dam on dam-break wave evolution as a wave–structure interaction problem. Numerical simulations were conducted using three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations and solved using the finite volume method. The model accurately predicted interactions between dam-break waves and downstream structures. The numerical results showed that turbulence intensity increased where the cross-section significantly changed in the downstream channel. Accordingly, transcritical flow and lateral transitions were developed around the dam site. Additionally, reducing the distance of the obstacle to the dam resulted in a significant decrease in wave height and kinetic energy. The transient flow velocity direction changed around the structures, and pressure fluctuations were pronounced. Moreover, the entrainment of air bubbles and the vortex shedding were observed due to the interaction of the wave and downstream structures. The peak discharge in the downstream channel was reduced by increasing the distance of obstacles to the dam. The model successfully captured the flow disturbance, wave reflectance from the sidewalls, and formation of hydraulic jumps. The validation of the model with experimental data in the literature showed that the model performed well in predicting the wave dynamic characteristics around the downstream structures.
Keywords: WSI problem; transitional flow; downstream channel structures; hydraulic jumps; flood risk management WSI problem; transitional flow; downstream channel structures; hydraulic jumps; flood risk management

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Oodi, S.; Gohari, S.; Di Francesco, S.; Nazari, R.; Nikoo, M.R.; Heidarian, P.; Eidi, A.; Khoshkonesh, A. Wave–Structure Interaction Modeling of Transient Flow Around Channel Obstacles and Contractions. Water 2025, 17, 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030424

AMA Style

Oodi S, Gohari S, Di Francesco S, Nazari R, Nikoo MR, Heidarian P, Eidi A, Khoshkonesh A. Wave–Structure Interaction Modeling of Transient Flow Around Channel Obstacles and Contractions. Water. 2025; 17(3):424. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030424

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oodi, Shahin, Saeed Gohari, Silvia Di Francesco, Rouzbeh Nazari, Mohammad Reza Nikoo, Payam Heidarian, Ali Eidi, and Alireza Khoshkonesh. 2025. "Wave–Structure Interaction Modeling of Transient Flow Around Channel Obstacles and Contractions" Water 17, no. 3: 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030424

APA Style

Oodi, S., Gohari, S., Di Francesco, S., Nazari, R., Nikoo, M. R., Heidarian, P., Eidi, A., & Khoshkonesh, A. (2025). Wave–Structure Interaction Modeling of Transient Flow Around Channel Obstacles and Contractions. Water, 17(3), 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030424

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