Design and Discrete Element (DEM) Simulation Analysis of Grassland Ecological Cleaning and Restoration Vehicle

To reduce the weight of the grassland ecological restoration vehicle disk brush, force analysis and topology optimization are carried out to reduce the weight of the disk brush by 55.43%. Then, the study found that the vehicle speed and the rotational speed of the disk brush have an effect on the trajectory of garbage throwing, and the relationship between the two needs to be coordinated. The sweeping effect works best when the speed ratio coefficient is greater than 1.826, which can be found by matching the motion trajectory equation with the speed ratio coefficient λ. Based on the discrete element method (DEM), it is verified that when the rotational speed is 90 r/min and the vehicle speed is 10 km/h, the sweeping effect is the best, and the influence on plants is minimized. Finally, the seeding effect of grass seeds was verified by a three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment. The results showed that high rotational speed and multiple slots could reduce the row spacing of seeding, while higher speed increased the row spacing of seeding. When the rotational speed of the seed-displacement disk was 50 r/min, the number of slots was 24, and the vehicle speed was 15 km/h, the seed displacement reached the maximum, and the row spacing was in line with the reasonable seeding requirements of ryegrass. The experimental results provide technical support for similar grassland cleaning and restoration vehicles in the future.