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Saudi Procurement System and Regulations: Overview of Local and International Administrative Contracts

Laws 2021, 10(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/laws10020037

by Awad Ali Alanzi

Reviewer 1:

Grigorios Kyriakopoulos

Reviewer 2: Anonymous

Laws 2021, 10(2), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/laws10020037

Submission received: 28 March 2021 / Revised: 8 May 2021 / Accepted: 11 May 2021 / Published: 13 May 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Legal-Economic Issues of Digital & Collaborative Economy)

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

The manuscript deals with an interesting topic but there is still room for further narrative, structural, argumentative and discussion improvements, prior it to be accepted for publication. To this end the following review comments can be considered.

1) The Introduction section is well organized and fairly interesting. However, almost all its text content is not cross-cited, thus, check and verification of those no-cited extracts is needed. Of particular interest should be authors to provide a Table in mentioning those entrepreneurial and business sectors in which the government, private, commercial, contracts are favored and what sectors are the most disadvantageous of public-involvement. Such extra information can be accompanied by a right-side Table column mentioning the citations’ recalled. Such a collective Table should be also placed at the end of section 2. Besides, it is recommended authors to briefly organize two subsections within Introduction, in which the a) international context and b) the Saudi context, to be literature covered.

2) The extended narrative block of sections 3 up to 7 it is extensively descriptive, but it is not revealing what are the novel features of the analysis and what are the findings/conclusions drawn? Therefore, it is highly recommended each one of the different aspects’ covered at each one of the sections 3 up to 7 to be accompanied by one extended paradigm or case study, enabling the reflection of theory to the Saudi reality. Otherwise, the existing analysis is considered almost overly theoretical, whereas the practical concerns and their “connectivity” to real world conditions it is anticipated. These paradigms could refer to/recalled from a commercial, trading, services, products, technological, educational, manufacturing, industrial, primary-secondary-tertiary types of production. Up to two extra and cross-cited text pages in text enhancement of sections 3 up to 7, in total, are adequate.

3) A distinct Discussion section is actually missing. In this section authors are recommended to collectively reiterate those barriers and drivers yielded from their research analysis, making a descriptive and/or graphical synthesis of the preceding sections (no merely approaching the relevant subsections in isolation to each other). Such a synthesis should be deployed in terms of: a) geographical and generalization coverage (international context) and b) thematic coverage (Saudi context), respectively. A compare-and-contrast Table, or diagram/graph of such a synthesis, it would be also welcome.

4) In better approaching the argumentation of the new Discussion section regarding those challenging issues and future prospects proposed, authors should signify them with the aid of a (helpful) SWOT analysis’ formation, thus, covering the four dimensions, S, W, O, T, in the basis of: environment, society, economy. Such a SWOT analysis should be objectively/holistically specified to the Saudi standards of administrative systems and regulations. Such a SWOT analysis could be extended to both micro-economics (extroversion and internationalization role of local SMEs) and macro-economics (governmental policies and strategic planning) levels of analysis.

5) In approaching the no cross-cited information of the existing analysis, as well as in approaching a more pluralistic and fresher theoretical coverage of the topic examined, I conducted a search analysis using relevant keywords, thus, kindly recommending authors to consider and enrich their revised manuscript, accordingly. This list of relevant published papers is provided below.

ScopusEXPORT DATE:16 Apr 2021 Winter, L.A.C., Reis, L.E.57203948550;57210186148;The multilateral agreement on investment measures related to the commerce (trims) and the state regulation by the bids and administrative contracts for the promotion and fomentation of science, technology and innovation under brasil´s constitution of 1988 [O Acordo trims e a regulação estatal pelas licitações e contratos administrativos para a promoção e o fomento da ciência, tecnologia e inovação sob o viés da constituição de 1988](2019) Revista General de Derecho Administrativo, 2019 (50), art. no. 421192, . https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85069865770&partnerID=40&md5=1a8fe27635220ab3a94ea2367b79e62f AFFILIATIONS: Centro Universitário Curitiba, BrazilABSTRACT: Foreign investment deserves detached normative treatment, especially in globalized environment and its advenced technological tools. Internationaly, although the majority of foreign investment agreements are bilateral, the multilateral Agreement on Investment Measures Related to the Commerce (TRIMs) deserves to be highlighted. Despite its paradigmatic and reduced size nine articles, norms from it extracted represents greathindrance to economic and social developments in developing countries. Considering its significance, this essay’s goal is to focus TRIMs and its (um)conformity to Brasil’s Federative Republic Constitution considering regulatory public policies grounded on Science protection and development, nacional inovation and technology through public bids and administractive contracts. © 2019 Revista General de Derecho Administrativo. All rights reserved.AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Administrative contracts; Foreign investment; OMC; Public bids; Regulation; TRIMsDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus Mosley, J.C., Bubshait, A.A.57007867500;55951182200;Investigative study of project procurement methods and project performance indicators in Saudi Arabia(2019) International Journal of Construction Management, . https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85063914079&doi=10.1080%2f15623599.2019.1588842&partnerID=40&md5=86c5322db5cd4a7d18842973b2d0c7df DOI: 10.1080/15623599.2019.1588842AFFILIATIONS: Postgraduate Researcher, Construction Engineering and Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia; Construction Engineering and Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi ArabiaABSTRACT: There exist two basic categories of a construction building procurement methods; those that combine project design with construction under one contract termed design-build (DB) and those that separate the design and construction functions into more than one contract or design-bid-build (DBB). This research compares the performance of DB and DBB in the context of the Saudi Arabian construction industry as an example of international construction practices, by statistically quantifying the effects that project procurement methods had on three objective and 10 subjective performance indicators. The notion that DB outperforms DBB is supported by this research. © 2019, © 2019 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.AUTHOR KEYWORDS: design-bid-build; design-build; project performance indicators; Project procurement methodDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: Article in PressSOURCE: Scopus Bahaddad, A.A., Drew, S., Houghtoni, L., Alfarraj, O.A.56922260800;55412702200;56922064200;36772742100;Factors attracting online consumers to choose e-Malls for e-procurement in Saudi Arabia(2018) Enterprise Information Systems, 12 (7), pp. 856-887. Cited 7 times.https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84945242832&doi=10.1080%2f17517575.2015.1091952&partnerID=40&md5=cd65189fb5458bd1cd9caee286f79e19 DOI: 10.1080/17517575.2015.1091952AFFILIATIONS: Faculty of Computing and IT, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Director of Learning and Teaching Centre, School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; Business School, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia; Computer Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaABSTRACT: A large segment of consumers prefer e-procurement because it provides several advantages such as a variety of options and lower prices. The business-to-consumer approach is spreading on a global scale, but its role is limited in countries such as Saudi Arabia due to the size and strength of the economy. Saudi Arabia has the fourth highest level of economic growth in the Middle East and ranks 38th globally in terms of Internet infrastructure. Its rate of Internet growth is 12% yearly, and 40% of the population has access to the Internet. The volume of online trade in Saudi Arabia was USD 800 million in 2012, and 56% of this amount was for purchases through foreign websites.The end consumers are one of the most important target segments of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which constitute 90% of Saudi Arabian companies. These companies face limitations in establishing e-procurement channels because these channels require financial support beyond their funding capabilities. Therefore, one of the best low-cost solutions is the adoption of e-Malls, which provide various benefits to consumers and are a suitable environment for SMEs to present and sell their products. The e-Mall is a modern idea in Saudi Arabia; thus, it could be beneficial to adopt the diffusion of an innovative approach to the spread of e-Malls. This article focuses on determining the requirements and obstacles facing consumers who make purchases through e-Malls. A quantitative survey was conducted on a random sample of 381 residents of all ages in Saudi Arabia who had made online purchases. The main factors influencing the adoption of e-Malls were organisational, technical and cultural elements. © 2015, © 2015 Taylor & Francis.AUTHOR KEYWORDS: diffusion of innovations; enterprise architecture; KSA; Online retailers; questionnaire survey; Saudi ArabiaDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus Islam, M.M., Murad, M.W., McMurray, A.J., Abalala, T.S.55344051000;36455966700;7005080417;56786358200;Aspects of sustainable procurement practices by public and private organisations in Saudi Arabia: an empirical study(2017) International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 24 (4), pp. 289-303. Cited 17 times.https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84978537468&doi=10.1080%2f13504509.2016.1209794&partnerID=40&md5=a558d1e7a7adf9587675554fee2053d3 DOI: 10.1080/13504509.2016.1209794AFFILIATIONS: Department of Finance, College of Business, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; UniSA College, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; School of Management, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi ArabiaABSTRACT: While Saudi Arabia has demonstrated tremendous efforts in achieving the objective of sustainable development by encouraging sustainable procurement practices by the public and private organisations, there still exist significant hurdles blocking the full implementation of these practices. This study is an effort to empirically investigate the aspects of sustainable procurement practices by Saudi Arabian public and private organisations, particularly the nature, extent and main barriers to implementing those practices at the organisational levels. It also determines and analyses the relationship between an organisation’s, whether public or private, sustainable procurement practices and the barriers to implementing those practices. Using a structured questionnaire survey with 202 procurement directors/senior managers of those Saudi Arabian organisations, we employed multivariate and multiple regression techniques to achieve the study objectives. Our empirical results suggest that regardless of the ownerships and types of organisations, the current state of sustainable procurement practices seems overly negative, and the attitudes of top management as well as the cultural aspects of the organisations pose the main barriers to effectively implementing sustainable procurement practices at the organisational levels. We believe that this study provides an important benchmark whereby one could measure the progress of sustainable procurement practices at the organisational levels, particularly in Saudi Arabia. Depending on the similarity of the aspects of the organisations in other countries with those in Saudi Arabia, the benchmark would have wider applicability. © 2016 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.AUTHOR KEYWORDS: aspects of sustainable procurement; public and private organisations; Saudi Arabia; Sustainable procurement; sustainable procurement practicesDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus Groucutt, H.S., Scerri, E.M.L., Amor, K., Shipton, C., Jennings, R.P., Parton, A., Clark-Balzan, L., Alsharekh, A., Petraglia, M.D.37120127600;55369318100;6507698995;24778858900;26024778600;54785920500;26538595300;6504770701;7003671891;Middle Palaeolithic raw material procurement and early stage reduction at Jubbah, Saudi Arabia(2017) Archaeological Research in Asia, 9, pp. 44-62. Cited 16 times.https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85011044701&doi=10.1016%2fj.ara.2017.01.003&partnerID=40&md5=9bcfef1d185e6a7a7d3ce930b65c85b0 DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2017.01.003AFFILIATIONS: School of Archaeology, Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art, University of Oxford, Hayes House, 75 George Street, Oxford, OX1 2BQ, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3ER, United Kingdom; British Institute in Eastern Africa, Laikipia Road, Kileleshwa, PO Box 30710, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya; School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, United Kingdom; Department of Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Gipsy Lane, Oxford, OX3 0BP, United Kingdom; Mansfield College, University of OxfordOX1 3TF, United Kingdom; Albert-Ludwigs-Universtitat Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, Germany; Department of Archaeology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2627, Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Strasse 10, Jena, 07745, GermanyABSTRACT: Several hundred Middle Palaeolithic (MP) archaeological sites have now been identified in the Arabian Peninsula. However, the study of lithic raw material properties and related procurement behaviours is still in its infancy. Here we describe raw material procurement and early stage lithic reduction at MP sites in the Jubbah palaeolake basin, in the Nefud Desert, northern Saudi Arabia. We describe the sites identified during our surveys, and we use petrographic studies to demonstrate that MP assemblages were mostly produced from differing forms of ferruginous quartzite. These raw materials do not substantially vary in composition, although they are not identical in terms of factors such as grain size and the proportion of iron oxide. We then describe the lithic technology at these sites, with a particular focus on the largest assemblage identified, Jebel Katefeh-12 (JKF-12), which provides detailed information on lithic reduction at a quartzite source. Analyses from this site are then considered together with data from other MP sites in the Jubbah basin, where similar raw material was used. The results indicate that factors such as initial clast size/shape and reduction intensity play important roles in influencing aspects of morphological and technological variability. Our results suggest that incursions of MP populations into northern Arabia were probably temporally limited, as might be expected in a marginal and generally arid region. MP raw material procurement sites provide a highly visible signal of these ephemeral incursions, providing information on the ways that human populations adapted to the challenging conditions of the Saharo-Arabian arid belt. © 2017AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Dispersals; Levallois; Lithics; Mobility; Raw material; Stone toolsDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus Mosley, J.C., Bubshait, A.A.57007867500;55951182200;Project procurement systems for mechanical, electrical and piping projects in Saudi Arabia An empirical assessment(2017) Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 24 (6), pp. 1004-1017. Cited 3 times.https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85034228699&doi=10.1108%2fECAM-02-2016-0055&partnerID=40&md5=166cb857db84db7ce474d29105ab9515 DOI: 10.1108/ECAM-02-2016-0055AFFILIATIONS: Department of Construction Engineering and Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi ArabiaABSTRACT: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the empirical relationship between mechanical, electrical, and piping (MEP) project procurement systems and project performance in the context of the Saudi Arabian construction industry. The study plans to expand the understanding of the relationship of design-bid-build (DBB) and design-build (DB) performance with respect to change order rate, cost growth, and schedule growth. Design/methodology/approach - The paper statistically analyzed 207 MEP projects. It investigates the relationship of project procurement systems and three project performance indicators. Hypotheses testing was used to assess the relationship. Findings - The results show that projects using the DB procurement system are more likely to have less cost overrun and experience a lower change order rate compared to DBB for pricing and selection methods, yet neither procurement system had an advantage over the schedule duration based on the study's sample. Research limitations/implications - The lack of information identifying the cause of contract change orders limits the interpretation of the findings. Sample sizes in some of the test criteria were statistically small, thus limiting the reliability or confidence level of the analysis for those samples. Caution should be used when interpreting the results as representative of the Saudi Arabian construction industry as a whole; due to the owner's project execution policies, procedures, and standards, the level of enforcement of those practices may differ from other owners. Originality/value - The paper fulfills and identified the relationship between the project procurement system and MEP project performance in the context of the Saudi Arabian construction industry. © 2017 Emerald Publishing Limited.AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Design-bid-build; Design-build; Procurement system; Project cost; Saudi ArabiaDOCUMENT TYPE: ArticlePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus du Marais, B.14830928700;Public procurement: The French Supreme Administrative Court assesses the Draft Order on public procurement contracts which gathers in one text all regulations pertaining to public procurement contracts(2015) Concurrences, (3), 5 p. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85033568332&partnerID=40&md5=4e444290ac70d59a72b8121e75d919af AFFILIATIONS: French Supreme Administrative Court, Paris, FranceDOCUMENT TYPE: NotePUBLICATION STAGE: FinalSOURCE: Scopus

Al-Hawary, S.I.S., Al-Nady, B.A.-H.A.

46661636900;56310087900;

The effect of benchmarking procurement plan and after sales services on suppliers sales success in western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

(2014) International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 19 (1), pp. 103-135. Cited 2 times.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84905446330&doi=10.1504%2fIJSOM.2014.064036&partnerID=40&md5=4752d34d10327962f1900b4da4315659

DOI: 10.1504/IJSOM.2014.064036

AFFILIATIONS: Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Finance, American University of Madaba, P.O. Box 2882, Amman 11821, Jordan;

Faculty of Business, Middle East University, P.O. Box 230505, Amman 11123, Jordan

ABSTRACT: This study aims to adopt illusion for effect of benchmarking procurement plan and after sales services on suppliers' sales success in western region of Saudi Arabia. The researchers draw their conceptual foundations from previous studies, supplement this from the marketing literature and test the model, and data analysis was based on multivariate statistical techniques. This paper emphasises the importance of benchmarking procurement and after sales services on supplier sales success. The study demonstrates that there is positive effect of benchmarking procurement plan (BPP) and after sales services (ASS) on suppliers' sales success (SSS) success. The findings are expected to provide researchers with useful insights to conduct future studies on benchmarking procurement plan associated with after sales services on suppliers' sales success variable. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

AUTHOR KEYWORDS: After sales services; ASS; Benchmarking procurement plan; BPP; Retailers and wholesalers; Saudi Arabia; SSS; Suppliers sales success

DOCUMENT TYPE: Article

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Al-Aama, A.Y.

35087390800;

E-procurement vs. online procurement: A means to increase transparency in a Saudi Government organisation: The case of the Jeddah Municipality

(2012) International Journal of Procurement Management, 5 (6), pp. 765-783. Cited 2 times.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878649726&doi=10.1504%2fIJPM.2012.049714&partnerID=40&md5=8951cb1aeb395dc1f1c24c01f686be29

DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2012.049714

AFFILIATIONS: Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 16735, Jeddah, 21474, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT: Literature states that governments around the world are currently adopting e-procurement as a means to improve transparency, efficiency, and timeliness. This paper argues that existing public e-procurement systems should be labelled 'online procurement', as opposed to 'e-procurement', as public e-procurement, falling within the context of e-government, should enable e-democracy and government transformation through citizen participation; while existing systems do not do so. In Saudi Arabia, the Jeddah Municipality (JM) is one of the very few that use e-procurement in the Kingdom. Its e-procurement system has been used as a model for other Saudi Government agencies by policy makers. The system was launched with the goal of enabling the municipality to conduct all procurement services electronically, while empowering citizens to monitor and govern the process. This paper presents the JM e-procurement system, its implementation stages, its current status and its future plans. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

AUTHOR KEYWORDS: E-democracy; E-government; E-procurement; Electronic procurement; Government procurement; Jeddah; Municipality; Online procurement; Procurement management; Saudi Arabia; Transparency

DOCUMENT TYPE: Article

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Alhudaithy, I.

37005464000;

Legal analysis of the new Saudi procurement regulations

(2011) Arab Law Quarterly, 25 (1), pp. 103-114. Cited 1 time.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79952222999&doi=10.1163%2f157302510X531773&partnerID=40&md5=36895215e8c94bbf3c43083593c7b9e5

DOI: 10.1163/157302510X531773

AFFILIATIONS: Legal Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

ABSTRACT: Improving procurement and developing better products and services have been priority aims for the Saudi government since the 1990s. In the late 1990s, the government began to introduce several economic and legislative changes with the intention of developing the public sector. Among the main aims of this approach were simplification and modernization of the Saudi public procurement regulations and opening up the competitiveness of the market place. This article explores public procurement regulations in Saudi Arabia and focuses in particular on analyzing the New Procurement Regulations and comparing the New with the Old Code. © 2011 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden.

AUTHOR KEYWORDS: legal analysis; new Saudi procurement regulations

DOCUMENT TYPE: Review

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Alalshikh, M.A., Male, S.

55203539700;6603753706;

Proposing a VM approach for the designbid-build procurement method in the Saudi public sector

(2010) 50th Annual Conference of SAVE International 2010, pp. 6-32.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84865593378&partnerID=40&md5=1ac53ba06c2e8047fdb5f6588fb2b410

AFFILIATIONS: School of Civil Engineering, Leeds University, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom

ABSTRACT: Value Management (VM) was adopted by the Saudi Public Sector (SPS) during the 1980s. The literature demonstrated that VM has been used in the SPS during or after the design stage. Furthermore, the procurement system utilised in the SPS is the design-bid-build method. This approach is criticised because of its fragmentation and separation of project parties. However, an intensive literature review was conducted to identify the main VM intervention points which fit this procurement method and to highlight their benefits. Aside from the utilisation of VM at the design stage in the SPS, it can be conducted at the pre-concept stage to enable the right strategic decision to proceed with the project if it represents the best solution to the problem at hand, and to structure the strategic brief by reconciling stakeholders' perspectives regarding the objectives of the project. Moreover, VM can be carried out at the brief stage to structure the requirements of the stakeholders and the project brief. Further, it can be employed to realign the client and contractor value systems during the construction stage, and to discuss buildability issues. VM is a strong methodology if it is integrated with project management and combined with the stages of the project.

AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Construction; Design-bid-build procurement method; Saudi Arabia; Value engineering; Value management

DOCUMENT TYPE: Conference Paper

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Williams, S.

24072344300;

III. The Bae/Saudi Al-Yamamah contracts: Implications in law and public procurement

(2008) International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 57 (1), pp. 200-209. Cited 6 times.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-42149144706&doi=10.1017%2fS0020589308000109&partnerID=40&md5=02fc900596dacba98077b521fd3f87cc

DOI: 10.1017/S0020589308000109

AFFILIATIONS: School of Law, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

DOCUMENT TYPE: Article

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Author Response

Reviewer 1:

Response:

Thank you very much for your rigorous comments, which help me to improve the present version of the paper.

Comment:

Response:

Relevant citations are added in lines 22-23 and 44-45 in introduction section.

The favored business sectors and targeted improvement as per Saudi Vision 2030 are discussed in lines 61-73.

Literature review section is divided into two subsection, i.e., international context in lines 84-177 and Saudi context in lines 178-199.

Comment:

Response:

The limited literature and case studies are available in Saudi context. I have collected some studies on the topic other than suggested in the end of comments. The suggested literature and collected studies are incorporated in the sections 2-7 in lines 179-199, 264-265, 283-288, 312-315, 328-336, 339-344, 376-379, 394-399, 440-442, 494-503, and 544-549. The relevant references are added and highlighted in reference list.

Overall, more than 2400 words are added, incorporating all comments.

Comment:

Response:

To improve the flow of discussions, some connecting texts are added in lines 260-267, 316-319, 457-459, and 504-508.

Comment:

Response:

New discussion section using SWOT analysis with a help of table is added in the lines 550-590.

Comment:

Response:

All mentioned references are added in different sections of the paper.

Al-Hawary, S.I.S., Al-Nady, B.A.-H.A. 46661636900;56310087900; The effect of benchmarking procurement plan and after sales services on suppliers sales success in western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (2014) International Journal of Services and Operations Management, 19 (1), pp. 103-135. Cited 2 times. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84905446330&doi=10.1504%2fIJSOM.2014.064036&partnerID=40&md5=4752d34d10327962f1900b4da4315659

DOI: 10.1504/IJSOM.2014.064036 AFFILIATIONS: Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business and Finance, American University of Madaba, P.O. Box 2882, Amman 11821, Jordan;

Faculty of Business, Middle East University, P.O. Box 230505, Amman 11123, Jordan ABSTRACT: This study aims to adopt illusion for effect of benchmarking procurement plan and after sales services on suppliers' sales success in western region of Saudi Arabia. The researchers draw their conceptual foundations from previous studies, supplement this from the marketing literature and test the model, and data analysis was based on multivariate statistical techniques. This paper emphasises the importance of benchmarking procurement and after sales services on supplier sales success. The study demonstrates that there is positive effect of benchmarking procurement plan (BPP) and after sales services (ASS) on suppliers' sales success (SSS) success. The findings are expected to provide researchers with useful insights to conduct future studies on benchmarking procurement plan associated with after sales services on suppliers' sales success variable. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. AUTHOR KEYWORDS: After sales services; ASS; Benchmarking procurement plan; BPP; Retailers and wholesalers; Saudi Arabia; SSS; Suppliers sales success DOCUMENT TYPE: Article PUBLICATION STAGE: Final SOURCE: ScopusAl-Aama, A.Y. 35087390800; E-procurement vs. online procurement: A means to increase transparency in a Saudi Government organisation: The case of the Jeddah Municipality (2012) International Journal of Procurement Management, 5 (6), pp. 765-783. Cited 2 times. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84878649726&doi=10.1504%2fIJPM.2012.049714&partnerID=40&md5=8951cb1aeb395dc1f1c24c01f686be29DOI: 10.1504/IJPM.2012.049714AFFILIATIONS: Department of Computer Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 16735, Jeddah, 21474, Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT: Literature states that governments around the world are currently adopting e-procurement as a means to improve transparency, efficiency, and timeliness. This paper argues that existing public e-procurement systems should be labelled 'online procurement', as opposed to 'e-procurement', as public e-procurement, falling within the context of e-government, should enable e-democracy and government transformation through citizen participation; while existing systems do not do so. In Saudi Arabia, the Jeddah Municipality (JM) is one of the very few that use e-procurement in the Kingdom. Its e-procurement system has been used as a model for other Saudi Government agencies by policy makers. The system was launched with the goal of enabling the municipality to conduct all procurement services electronically, while empowering citizens to monitor and govern the process. This paper presents the JM e-procurement system, its implementation stages, its current status and its future plans. Copyright © 2012 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. AUTHOR KEYWORDS: E-democracy; E-government; E-procurement; Electronic procurement; Government procurement; Jeddah; Municipality; Online procurement; Procurement management; Saudi Arabia; Transparency DOCUMENT TYPE: Article PUBLICATION STAGE: Final SOURCE: Scopus Alhudaithy, I. 37005464000; Legal analysis of the new Saudi procurement regulations (2011) Arab Law Quarterly, 25 (1), pp. 103-114. Cited 1 time. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-79952222999&doi=10.1163%2f157302510X531773&partnerID=40&md5=36895215e8c94bbf3c43083593c7b9e5

DOI: 10.1163/157302510X531773 AFFILIATIONS: Legal Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ABSTRACT: Improving procurement and developing better products and services have been priority aims for the Saudi government since the 1990s. In the late 1990s, the government began to introduce several economic and legislative changes with the intention of developing the public sector. Among the main aims of this approach were simplification and modernization of the Saudi public procurement regulations and opening up the competitiveness of the market place. This article explores public procurement regulations in Saudi Arabia and focuses in particular on analyzing the New Procurement Regulations and comparing the New with the Old Code. © 2011 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden. AUTHOR KEYWORDS: legal analysis; new Saudi procurement regulations DOCUMENT TYPE: Review PUBLICATION STAGE: Final SOURCE: Scopus

Alalshikh, M.A., Male, S. 55203539700;6603753706; Proposing a VM approach for the designbid-build procurement method in the Saudi public sector (2010) 50th Annual Conference of SAVE International 2010, pp. 6-32. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84865593378&partnerID=40&md5=1ac53ba06c2e8047fdb5f6588fb2b410 AFFILIATIONS: School of Civil Engineering, Leeds University, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom. ABSTRACT: Value Management (VM) was adopted by the Saudi Public Sector (SPS) during the 1980s. The literature demonstrated that VM has been used in the SPS during or after the design stage. Furthermore, the procurement system utilised in the SPS is the design-bid-build method. This approach is criticised because of its fragmentation and separation of project parties. However, an intensive literature review was conducted to identify the main VM intervention points which fit this procurement method and to highlight their benefits. Aside from the utilisation of VM at the design stage in the SPS, it can be conducted at the pre-concept stage to enable the right strategic decision to proceed with the project if it represents the best solution to the problem at hand, and to structure the strategic brief by reconciling stakeholders' perspectives regarding the objectives of the project. Moreover, VM can be carried out at the brief stage to structure the requirements of the stakeholders and the project brief. Further, it can be employed to realign the client and contractor value systems during the construction stage, and to discuss buildability issues. VM is a strong methodology if it is integrated with project management and combined with the stages of the project. AUTHOR KEYWORDS: Construction; Design-bid-build procurement method; Saudi Arabia; Value engineering; Value management DOCUMENT TYPE: Conference Paper

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final SOURCE: Scopus Williams, S. 24072344300;

III. The Bae/Saudi Al-Yamamah contracts: Implications in law and public procurement

(2008) International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 57 (1), pp. 200-209. Cited 6 times.

https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-42149144706&doi=10.1017%2fS0020589308000109&partnerID=40&md5=02fc900596dacba98077b521fd3f87cc

DOI: 10.1017/S0020589308000109

AFFILIATIONS: School of Law, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom

DOCUMENT TYPE: Article

PUBLICATION STAGE: Final

SOURCE: Scopus

Reviewer 2 Report

Dear author, good morning.

I would like to send you my comments on the article under review.
1. General assessment: it presents an interesting topic, especially for the country on which Saudi Arabia is based. The overall structure is good (some suggestions will be made) and written in an appropriate style (although it would be good to review the English grammar again) and to unify between American/British English.

2. Introduction: I recommend dividing this section in two. On the one hand the international situation and secondly (more specifically) the situation in Arabia.

3. You should contribute something derived from your analysis in the following sections (up to number 7). For although you quote and reference in most cases correctly, it would be good if you could contribute something more to the analysis.

4. A discussion of results is needed where the author analyzes and describes what he has obtained, the limitations, possible points of improvement etc. Followed by conclusions, but in another section.

Best regards,

Author Response

Reviewer 2:

I would like to send you my comments on the article under review.

Response:

Thank you very much for your valuable comments, which help me to improve the present version of the paper.

Comment:

General assessment: it presents an interesting topic, especially for the country on which Saudi Arabia is based. The overall structure is good (some suggestions will be made) and written in an appropriate style (although it would be good to review the English grammar again) and to unify between American/British English.

Response:

Corrections are made to uniform American English in all sections, except references’ section.

Comment:

Introduction: I recommend dividing this section in two. On the one hand the international situation and secondly (more specifically) the situation in Arabia.

Response:

Literature review section is divided into two subsection, i.e., international context in lines 84-177 and Saudi context in lines 178-199.

Comment:

You should contribute something derived from your analysis in the following sections (up to number 7). For although you quote and reference in most cases correctly, it would be good if you could contribute something more to the analysis.

Response:

Some additional literature is incorporated to improve analyses of different sections in lines 179-199, 264-265, 283-288, 312-315, 328-336, 339-344, 376-379, 394-399, 440-442, 494-503, and 544-549. The relevant references are added and highlighted in reference list. Some discussions on analyses are also added in lines 260-267, 316-319, 457-459, and 504-508.

Comment:

A discussion of results is needed where the author analyzes and describes what he has obtained, the limitations, possible points of improvement etc. Followed by conclusions, but in another section.

Response:

Following this comment and comment of reviewer 1, new discussion section using SWOT analysis with a help of table is added in the lines 550-590, before conclusion section.

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

At this revised manuscript authors conducted a substantially improved analysis, being based on the review comments. The narrative flow is interesting, the research sections have been fully developed, and the research outcomes are unveiling novel features of high significance in the socio-economic and legislative contexts of the country examined. In this respect it can be accepted for publication at the “Laws” journal as is.

This manuscript is a resubmission of an earlier submission. The following is a list of the peer review reports and author responses from that submission.

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