The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Study Area
3.2. Data Collection and Overview
- First, respondents were asked to share some of their personal socioeconomic attributes, i.e., gender, age, monthly household income, and household size.
- The second part of the questionnaire sought to capture trip mode choice behavior of the survey participants. Specifically, they were asked to take into account the total number trips they performed during the previous month for all purposes, as well as the travel mode(s) they used. Based on these questions, they provided the average number of their trips per week and the distribution of these trips against a pre-determined set of travel modes, i.e., private car (as a driver or a passenger), motorcycle, public transport, bicycle, e-scooter, and walking. To avoid any misinterpretation, only trips that had a length of equal or more than 500 meters were recorded as trips made on foot. Furthermore, to ensure the homogeneity of responses and assist the survey participants, the terms “trip” and “journey” were sufficiently explained in a text field of the survey form.
- The third part of the questionnaire pertained to the self-determination aspects of respondents. It included nine (9) questions that were answered on a 5-point Likert scale (ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree). For each of these questions, participants had to express their level of agreement toward statements which were expressed as follows: “I consider my self being…”. Overall, we investigated nine (9) self-identity items based on the literature review we performed and the local setting. All identity items were defined and explained in accompanying text fields in the survey form. Specifically:
- ○
- The designation “Urban resident” controlled whether the individuals felt they were integral parts of or sufficiently familiar with the environment in which they resided.
- ○
- Respect for the physical environment and the level of engagement with it were examined with the self-identity items of “Environmentally friendly” and “Nature-lover”, respectively.
- ○
- The importance of family and personal relationships in the lives of the individuals were captured with the characterizations of “Parent” and “Companionate”.
- ○
- The “Sporty” identity highlighted those who performed physical activities more or less frequently.
- ○
- In the case of “Healthy”, participants self-reported their own estimation regarding whether they were healthy enough according to personal and generally accepted criteria.
- ○
- “Career-oriented” was selected to identify people who devoted a significant part of their lives to carrying out their professional duties or who were ambitious regarding the progress of their careers.
- ○
- Creativity, inventiveness, and ingenuity were associated with the designation of “Innovative” for people who considered themselves as possessing these traits.
3.3. Data Analysis
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Latent Class Profiles
4.2. Socioeconomic Composition
4.3. Association with Trip Mode Choice Behavior
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Options | N | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Socioeconomic attributes | Gender | Male | 185 | 36.6% |
Female | 321 | 63.4% | ||
Age | 18–24 years old | 140 | 27.7% | |
25–39 years old | 222 | 43.9% | ||
40–54 years old | 106 | 20.9% | ||
55–65 years old | 38 | 7.5% | ||
Monthly household income (euros) | 0–400 | 97 | 19.2% | |
401–800 | 92 | 18.2% | ||
801–1200 | 115 | 22.7% | ||
1201–1600 | 75 | 14.8% | ||
1601–2000 | 61 | 12.1% | ||
More than 2000 | 66 | 13.0% | ||
Household size | 1–2 members | 284 | 56.2% | |
2–4 members | 207 | 41.0% | ||
5 or more members | 14 | 2.8% | ||
Trip mode choices | Access to private car | Yes | 328 | 64.8% |
No | 178 | 35.2% | ||
Number of trips per week | 0–10 | 115 | 22.9% | |
11–20 | 217 | 43.1% | ||
21–30 | 102 | 20.3% | ||
31–40 | 43 | 8.5% | ||
More than 40 | 26 | 5.2% | ||
Number of trips by car (as a driver) per week | 0 | 222 | 43.9% | |
<1 | 50 | 9.9% | ||
1–3 | 92 | 18.2% | ||
4–7 | 53 | 10.5% | ||
>7 | 89 | 17.5% | ||
Number of trips by bicycle per week | 0 | 390 | 77.1% | |
<1 | 54 | 10.7% | ||
1–3 | 39 | 7.6% | ||
4–7 | 10 | 2.0% | ||
>7 | 13 | 2.6% | ||
Number of trips by public transport per week | 0 | 69 | 13.6% | |
<1 | 87 | 17.2% | ||
1–3 | 135 | 26.8% | ||
4–7 | 57 | 11.3% | ||
>7 | 158 | 31.2% | ||
Number of trips by car (as a passenger) per week | 0 | 105 | 20.8% | |
<1 | 153 | 30.2% | ||
1–3 | 200 | 39.5% | ||
4–7 | 24 | 4.7% | ||
>7 | 24 | 4.7% | ||
Number of trips on foot per week | 0 | 7 | 1.4% | |
<1 | 26 | 5.1% | ||
1–3 | 142 | 28.1% | ||
4–7 | 88 | 17.4% | ||
>7 | 243 | 48.0% | ||
Number of trips by motorcycle per week | 0 | 446 | 88.1% | |
<1 | 14 | 2.8% | ||
1–3 | 23 | 4.5% | ||
4–7 | 2 | 0.4% | ||
>7 | 21 | 4.2% | ||
Number of trips by e-scooter per week | 0 | 440 | 87.0% | |
<1 | 38 | 7.5% | ||
1–3 | 25 | 5.0% | ||
4–7 | 1 | 0.2% | ||
>7 | 2 | 0.4% | ||
Self-identity items | Urban resident | Strongly disagree | 14 | 2.8% |
Disagree | 18 | 3.6% | ||
Neutral | 29 | 5.7% | ||
Agree | 60 | 11.9% | ||
Strongly agree | 385 | 76.1% | ||
Nature lover | Strongly disagree | 16 | 3.2% | |
Disagree | 45 | 8.9% | ||
Neutral | 92 | 18.2% | ||
Agree | 107 | 21.1% | ||
Strongly agree | 246 | 48.6% | ||
Parent | Strongly disagree | 334 | 66.0% | |
Disagree | 13 | 2.6% | ||
Neutral | 24 | 4.7% | ||
Agree | 10 | 2.0% | ||
Strongly agree | 125 | 24.7% | ||
Companionate | Strongly disagree | 17 | 3.4% | |
Disagree | 29 | 5.7% | ||
Neutral | 58 | 11.5% | ||
Agree | 105 | 20.8% | ||
Strongly agree | 297 | 58.7% | ||
Environmentally friendly | Strongly disagree | 19 | 3.8% | |
Disagree | 37 | 7.3% | ||
Neutral | 90 | 17.8% | ||
Agree | 167 | 33.0% | ||
Strongly agree | 193 | 38.1% | ||
Healthy | Strongly disagree | 4 | 0.8% | |
Disagree | 16 | 3.2% | ||
Neutral | 62 | 12.3% | ||
Agree | 151 | 29.8% | ||
Strongly agree | 273 | 54.0% | ||
Sporty | Strongly disagree | 91 | 18.0% | |
Disagree | 93 | 18.4% | ||
Neutral | 105 | 20.8% | ||
Agree | 114 | 22.5% | ||
Strongly agree | 103 | 20.4% | ||
Career-oriented | Strongly disagree | 21 | 4.2% | |
Disagree | 34 | 6.7% | ||
Neutral | 91 | 18.0% | ||
Agree | 142 | 28.1% | ||
Strongly agree | 218 | 43.1% | ||
Innovative | Strongly disagree | 39 | 7.7% | |
Disagree | 72 | 14.2% | ||
Neutral | 107 | 21.1% | ||
Agree | 158 | 31.2% | ||
Strongly agree | 130 | 25.7% |
Goodness of Fit Criteria | s = 2 | s = 3 | s = 4 |
---|---|---|---|
AIC | 4927.39 | 4902.003 | 4876.725 |
BIC | 5007.694 | 5024.572 | 5041.56 |
Χ2 | 392.2224 | 346.8351 | 301.5569 |
G2 | 502.035 | 483.7198 | 408.1155 |
Manifest Variable | Latent Class | Probability (Disagree) | Probability (Agree) |
---|---|---|---|
Urban resident | 1 | 0.1147 | 0.8853 |
2 | 0.0841 | 0.9159 | |
3 | 0.1142 | 0.8558 | |
Nature lover | 1 | 0.1416 | 0.8584 |
2 | 0.0923 | 0.9077 | |
3 | 0.5284 | 0.4716 | |
Parent | 1 | 0.9886 | 0.0114 |
2 | 0.2204 | 0.7796 | |
3 | 0.8260 | 0.1740 | |
Companionate | 1 | 0.2434 | 0.7566 |
2 | 0.0000 | 1.0000 | |
3 | 0.2884 | 0.7116 | |
Environmentally friendly | 1 | 0.1033 | 0.8967 |
2 | 0.0231 | 0.9796 | |
3 | 0.5614 | 0.4386 | |
Healthy | 1 | 0.0000 | 1.0000 |
2 | 0.0816 | 0.9184 | |
3 | 0.3198 | 0.6802 | |
Sporty | 1 | 0.2458 | 0.7542 |
2 | 0.7827 | 0.3173 | |
3 | 0.8488 | 0.1512 | |
Career-oriented | 1 | 0.1841 | 0.8159 |
2 | 0.0916 | 0.9084 | |
3 | 0.4676 | 0.5324 | |
Innovative | 1 | 0.2884 | 0.7116 |
2 | 0.1877 | 0.8123 | |
3 | 0.6615 | 0.3385 |
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Senikidou, N.; Basbas, S.; Georgiadis, G.; Campisi, T. The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece. Soc. Sci. 2022, 11, 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11120564
Senikidou N, Basbas S, Georgiadis G, Campisi T. The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece. Social Sciences. 2022; 11(12):564. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11120564
Chicago/Turabian StyleSenikidou, Nikoleta, Socrates Basbas, Georgios Georgiadis, and Tiziana Campisi. 2022. "The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece" Social Sciences 11, no. 12: 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11120564
APA StyleSenikidou, N., Basbas, S., Georgiadis, G., & Campisi, T. (2022). The Role of Personal Identity Attributes in Transport Mode Choice: The Case Study of Thessaloniki, Greece. Social Sciences, 11(12), 564. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11120564