Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Fungal Collection and Isolation
2.2. Species Identification
2.3. PCR Amplification of SSR Loci and Data Analysis
2.4. DNA Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Species Identification
3.2. PCR Amplification of SSR Loci and Data Analysis
3.3. DNA Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Origin | Host Species | Sample Type | Sample ID | Origin | Host Species | Sample Type | Sample ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus pinaster | Canker | BCI2 | P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM198 |
Plentzia-Munguia, Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCI5 | P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM199 |
Alto Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC14 | P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM200 |
Estribaciones del Gorbea, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC15 | P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM201 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC17 | P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM202 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC18 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC22 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC19 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC23 |
Alto Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC39 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC24 |
Alto Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC40 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC25 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC41 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC26 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC42 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC27 |
Montaña Alavesa, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC44 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC29 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC45 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC30 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC46 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC31 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC47 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC33 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC48 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC34 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC49 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC35 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC50 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC36 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC51 | P2 (Sollano), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC38 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC52 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC60 |
Duranguesado, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC53 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC61 |
Markina-Ondarroa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC54 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC62 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC55 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC63 |
Valles Alaveses, Spain | Pinus attenuata | Cone | BC56 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC64 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC57 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC65 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC76 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC66 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC77 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC67 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC78 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC68 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC79 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC69 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC80 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC70 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC81 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC71 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC82 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC72 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC83 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC73 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC84 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC74 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC86 | P3 (Hernani), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC75 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC87 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM157 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC89 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM175 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC90 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM176 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC91 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM177 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC92 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM178 |
Donostia San Sebastian, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC93 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM179 |
Urola Costa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC94 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM181 |
Urola Costa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC95 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM183 |
Urola Costa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC96 | P4 (Luyando), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM187 |
Urola Costa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC97 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM158 |
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC98 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM159 |
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC99 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM160 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC100 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM162 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC101 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM163 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC104 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM164 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC105 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM173 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC106 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCM180 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC108 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM209 |
Valles Alaveses, Spain | Pinus pinaster | Cone | BC109 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM211 |
Estribaciones del Gorbea, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC112 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM212 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC113 | P5 (Oiarztun), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM213 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC114 | Barbour County, West Virginia USA | Pinus sylvestris | Needle | W171 |
Cantábrica Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC115 | Black Hills, South Dakota USA | Pinus ponderosa | Stem | W172 |
Cantábrica Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC116 | Idaho USA | Pinus ponderosa | Unknown | W174 |
Valles Alaveses, Spain | Pinus halepensis | Cone | BC120 | Grant County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W175 |
Valles Alaveses, Spain | Pinus sylvestris | Cone | BC121 | Oktibbeha County, Mississippi USA | Pinus palustris | Unknown | W177 |
Valles Alaveses, Spain | Pinus contorta | Cone | BC123 | Pennsylvania USA | Pinus sylvestris | Unknown | W180 |
Estribaciones del Gorbea, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC124 | Riverside County, California USA | Pinus jeffreyi | Unknown | W185 |
Cantábrica Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC125 | Florida USA | Pinus elliottii | Cone-seed | W186 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC127 | Bennington County, Vermont USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | W190 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC128 | Maui, Hawaii USA | Pinus radiata | Unknown | W191 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC129 | Itasca St. Park, Minnesota USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W192 |
Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC131 | Dallas County, Texas USA | Pinus eldarica | Cone | W194 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus nigra | Cone | BC132 | Georgia USA | Pinus taeda | Needle | W206 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC133 | Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Needle | W210 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC134 | Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Needle | W211 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC135 | Waushara County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W212 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC137 | Portage County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Needle | W213 |
Llanada Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC138 | Portage County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W214 |
Montaña Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC141 | Wood County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W215 |
Alto Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC142 | Adams County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W216 |
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC143 | Marathon County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W217 |
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC144 | Wallowa County, Oregon USA | Pinus ponderosa | Cone | W218 |
Bajo Deba, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC145 | Wallowa County, Oregon, USA | Pinus ponderosa | Needle | W219 |
Markina Ondarroa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC146 | Bennington County, Vermont USA | Pinus resinosa | Stem tip | W220 |
Estribaciones del Gorbea, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC147 | Sawyer County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Stem | W221 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC148 | Wood County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Stem | W222 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC149 | Vilas County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W223 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC150 | South Dakota | Pinus ponderosa | Unknown | W224 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC151 | Dallas County, Texas USA | Pinus nigra | Cone | W225 |
Encartaciones, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC152 | Bayfield County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W226 |
Duranguesado, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC154 | Sumter County, Alabama USA | Pinus taeda | Cone | W227 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC155 | Adams County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus sylvestris | Bark | W228 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC156 | Vilas County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus ponderosa | Unknown | W229 |
Markina-Ondarroa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC157 | Vilas County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W231 |
Markina-Ondarroa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC158 | Pine County, Minnesota USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W232 |
Duranguesado, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC159 | Morgantown, WV | Pinus nigra | Needle | W233 |
Gernika Bermeo, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC160 | Jackson County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W234 |
Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC161 | Dane County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus nigra | Needle | W235 |
Plentzia-Munguia, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC162 | Northern Highland American Legion State Forest, Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Twig | W236 |
Goierri, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC163 | Marquette County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W238 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC164 | Trempealeau County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W239 |
Tolosa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC165 | Fairfield County, Connecticut USA | Pinus sylvestris | Needle | W240 |
Urola Costa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC166 | Adair County, Iowa USA | Pinus nigra | Needle | W241 |
Markina-Ondarroa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC169 | Codington County, South Dakota USA | Pinus sylvestris | Needle | W242 |
Cantábrica Alavesa, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC196 | Polk County, Iowa USA | Pinus nigra | Needle | W243 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC197 | Lacrosse County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W244 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC198 | Wood County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Stem | W245 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC199 | Centre County, Pennsylvania USA | Pinus nigra | Needle | W246 |
Arratia Nervión, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC200 | Upshur County, West Virginia USA | Pinus sylvestris | Needle | W247 |
Duranguesado, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC201 | Lafayette County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus resinosa | Needle | W248 |
Gran Bilbao, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC202 | Monroe County, Wisconsin USA | Pinus banksiana | Needle | W250 |
Plentzia-Munguia, Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC203 | Cheboygan County, Michigan USA | Pinus banksiana | Needle | W251 |
Plentzia-Munguia, Spain | Pinus radiata | Stem | BC208 | Manistee National Forest, Michigan USA | Pinus resinosa | Unknown | W252 |
Plentzia-Munguia, Spain | Pinus radiata | Stem | BC209 | Jefferson County, West Virginia USA | Pinus nigra | Needle | W253 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC2 | Stanislaus National Forest, California USA | Pinus ponderosa | Unknown | W254 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC3 | Morgan County, West Virginia USA | Pinus sylvestris | Needle | W255 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC4 | Marion County, Indiana USA | Pinus nigra | Cone | W256 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC5 | Foxborough, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U1 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC6 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U2 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC7 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U3 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC8 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U4 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC9 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U5 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC10 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U6 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Cone | BC11 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U7 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI1 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U8 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI3 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U9 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI4 | Foxborough, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U10 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI6 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U11 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI7 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U12 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI8 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U13 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI9 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U14 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI10 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U15 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI11 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U16 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI12 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U17 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI13 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U18 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI14 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U19 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI15 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U20 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI16 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U21 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI17 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U22 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI18 | Foxborough, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U23 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI19 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U24 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI20 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U25 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI21 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U26 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Core | BCI22 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U27 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM161 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U28 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM165 | Foxborough, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U29 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM167 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U30 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM168 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U31 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM169 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U32 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM170 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U33 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM171 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U34 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM172 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U35 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM174 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U36 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Root | BCM182 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U37 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM184 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U38 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM185 | Foxborough, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U39 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM186 | Andover, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U40 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM188 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U41 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM189 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U42 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM190 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U43 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM191 | Hancock County, Maine, USA | Pinus resinosa (natural) | Cone | U44 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM192 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U45 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM193 | Hudson, Massachusetts, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U46 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM194 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U47 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM195 | Washington, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U48 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM196 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U49 |
P1 (Laukiniz), Spain | Pinus radiata | Canker | BCM197 | Shrewsbury, Vermont, USA | Pinus resinosa | Cone | U50 |
Parametersb | Country | Nursery Location in the Basque Country | Sample Type | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Spain (Basque Country) | USA | Laukiniz | Sollano | Hernani | Luyando | Oiarztun | Canker | Root | Cone | Core | |
Sample size (N)c | 216 | 106 | 58 | 14 | 16 | 9 | 12 | 28 | 13 | 145 | 30 |
MLG/Diversity (G) | 19 | 34 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 19 | 4 |
eMLG | 19 | 19 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 10 | 4 |
Evenness (E5) | 1 | 1 | 0.427 | 0.3 | 0.407 | 0.333 | 0.3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Diversity (H) | 2.94 | 3.53 | 1.79 | 1.39 | 2.08 | 1.39 | 1.39 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 2.94 | 1.39 |
rbarD | −0.074 | 0.087 | −0.080 | −0.316 | −0.066 | −0.115 | −0.333 | −0.056 | −0.194 | −0.074 | −0.115 |
p-value | 0.999 | 0.001 |
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Aragonés, A.; Manzanos, T.; Stanosz, G.; Munck, I.A.; Raposo, R.; Elvira-Recuenco, M.; Berbegal, M.; Mesanza, N.; Smith, D.R.; Simmons, M.; et al. Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565
Aragonés A, Manzanos T, Stanosz G, Munck IA, Raposo R, Elvira-Recuenco M, Berbegal M, Mesanza N, Smith DR, Simmons M, et al. Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems. Microorganisms. 2021; 9(12):2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565
Chicago/Turabian StyleAragonés, Ana, Tania Manzanos, Glen Stanosz, Isabel A. Munck, Rosa Raposo, Margarita Elvira-Recuenco, Mónica Berbegal, Nebai Mesanza, Denise R. Smith, Michael Simmons, and et al. 2021. "Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems" Microorganisms 9, no. 12: 2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565
APA StyleAragonés, A., Manzanos, T., Stanosz, G., Munck, I. A., Raposo, R., Elvira-Recuenco, M., Berbegal, M., Mesanza, N., Smith, D. R., Simmons, M., Wyka, S., & Iturritxa, E. (2021). Comparison of Diplodia Tip Blight Pathogens in Spanish and North American Pine Ecosystems. Microorganisms, 9(12), 2565. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122565