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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 3
10.3390/app15031205
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Analysis of Mechanisms of Mandible Fractures by Lateral Impact: A Biomechanical Approach Using Finite Element Models

by
Takahiro Tomioka
1,2,
Daisuke Ito
3,
Takato Murai
1,
Arisa Takeda
1,
Mami Nakamura
1,
Shinya Koshinuma
2,
Kazuki Takaoka
2 and
Masahito Hitosugi
1,*
1
Department of Legal Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
2
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
3
Faculty of Societal Safety Sciences, Kansai University, Osaka 564-8680, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1205; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031205
Submission received: 11 December 2024 / Revised: 23 January 2025 / Accepted: 23 January 2025 / Published: 24 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Transportation and Future Mobility)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to reproduce a lateral fall using a computer simulation model and to clarify the circumstances of mandible fracture caused by a lateral impact. Material and methods: Fall scenarios were reconstructed using a computer simulation with finite element models. The fall condition was set as a fall from the head direction, which would cause facial injuries. In each simulation, the effective plastic strain of the mandible and its site were determined. Analysis of variance was performed to determine which factors had a significant effect on the maximum effective plastic strain of the mandible. Results: Significant differences with p-values less than 0.001 were found for the following factors: pitch angle, lateral bending angle, impact object, combination of pitch angle and lateral bending angle, and combination of pitch angle and impact object. In most cases with higher values of effective plastic strain, which can cause mandibular fractures, the site was found at the condylar process or mandibular angle of the attacked side. Conclusion: If the patient falls laterally and their face makes contact with a protruding object, medical professionals can predict fractures of the upper part of the mandibular angle and the condyle of the affected side.
Keywords: biomechanics; computer simulation model; finite element model; lateral impact; mandible fracture biomechanics; computer simulation model; finite element model; lateral impact; mandible fracture

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tomioka, T.; Ito, D.; Murai, T.; Takeda, A.; Nakamura, M.; Koshinuma, S.; Takaoka, K.; Hitosugi, M. Analysis of Mechanisms of Mandible Fractures by Lateral Impact: A Biomechanical Approach Using Finite Element Models. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031205

AMA Style

Tomioka T, Ito D, Murai T, Takeda A, Nakamura M, Koshinuma S, Takaoka K, Hitosugi M. Analysis of Mechanisms of Mandible Fractures by Lateral Impact: A Biomechanical Approach Using Finite Element Models. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(3):1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031205

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tomioka, Takahiro, Daisuke Ito, Takato Murai, Arisa Takeda, Mami Nakamura, Shinya Koshinuma, Kazuki Takaoka, and Masahito Hitosugi. 2025. "Analysis of Mechanisms of Mandible Fractures by Lateral Impact: A Biomechanical Approach Using Finite Element Models" Applied Sciences 15, no. 3: 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031205

APA Style

Tomioka, T., Ito, D., Murai, T., Takeda, A., Nakamura, M., Koshinuma, S., Takaoka, K., & Hitosugi, M. (2025). Analysis of Mechanisms of Mandible Fractures by Lateral Impact: A Biomechanical Approach Using Finite Element Models. Applied Sciences, 15(3), 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031205

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