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Membranes
Volume 14
Issue 12
10.3390/membranes14120250
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Evaluating Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Removal: A Solution Diffusion Model Approach

by
Yonghyun Shin
1,
Tae-Mun Hwang
1,
Sook-Hyun Nam
1,
Eunju Kim
1,
JeongBeen Park
1,2,
Yong-Jun Choi
3,
Homin Kye
1 and
Jae-Wuk Koo
1,*
1
Department of Environmental Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, 283 Goyangdae-ro, Ilsan-gu, Goyang-si 10223, Republic of Korea
2
Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajung-to, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
3
Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Membranes 2024, 14(12), 250; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14120250
Submission received: 2 October 2024 / Revised: 19 November 2024 / Accepted: 21 November 2024 / Published: 25 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Membrane Technologies for Water Purification)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Trace organic contaminants (TrOCs), including pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), present significant challenges for conventional water treatment processes and pose potential risks to environmental and human health. To address these issues, nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technologies have gained attention. This study aims to evaluate the performance of NF and RO membranes in removing TrOCs from wastewater and develop a predictive model using the Solution Diffusion Model. Experiments were conducted using a stirred cell setup at various target concentrations, stirring speeds, and operating pressures, with acetaminophen and caffeine selected as representative pharmaceutical compounds. The results demonstrated that most of the pharmaceutical compounds were effectively removed, showing excellent performance. NF membranes exhibited high permeate flux with somewhat lower removal efficiency (average 84.17%), while RO membranes demonstrated high removal efficiency (average 99.21%), highlighting their importance in trace pharmaceutical treatment. The predictive model based on the solution diffusion model correlated well with the experimental data, suggesting its potential utility for large-scale system applications. This study confirms that NF and RO membranes are effective technologies for the removal of TrOCs from wastewater, offering a promising solution to the challenges posed by trace pharmaceutical contaminants.
Keywords: trace organic contaminants (TrOCs); pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs); reverse osmosis (RO); nanofiltration (NF); solution diffusion model trace organic contaminants (TrOCs); pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs); reverse osmosis (RO); nanofiltration (NF); solution diffusion model

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Shin, Y.; Hwang, T.-M.; Nam, S.-H.; Kim, E.; Park, J.; Choi, Y.-J.; Kye, H.; Koo, J.-W. Evaluating Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Removal: A Solution Diffusion Model Approach. Membranes 2024, 14, 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14120250

AMA Style

Shin Y, Hwang T-M, Nam S-H, Kim E, Park J, Choi Y-J, Kye H, Koo J-W. Evaluating Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Removal: A Solution Diffusion Model Approach. Membranes. 2024; 14(12):250. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14120250

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shin, Yonghyun, Tae-Mun Hwang, Sook-Hyun Nam, Eunju Kim, JeongBeen Park, Yong-Jun Choi, Homin Kye, and Jae-Wuk Koo. 2024. "Evaluating Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Removal: A Solution Diffusion Model Approach" Membranes 14, no. 12: 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14120250

APA Style

Shin, Y., Hwang, T. -M., Nam, S. -H., Kim, E., Park, J., Choi, Y. -J., Kye, H., & Koo, J. -W. (2024). Evaluating Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Pharmaceutically Active Compounds Removal: A Solution Diffusion Model Approach. Membranes, 14(12), 250. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes14120250

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