Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Study Participants and Methods
2.1. Patient Recruitment
2.2. Study Paradigm
2.3. Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics and Drinking Profile
3.2. Assessment of Hangover Symptoms
3.3. AUDIT Domains, and Association of Drinking Markers in Heavy Drinkers
3.4. Internal Consistency of Hangover Measures in Heavy Drinkers
3.5. Association of AUDIT and Hangover Measures in Heavy Drinkers
3.6. Role of AUDIT and Heavy Drinking TLFB Markers on Hangover Symptoms
3.7. Role of Liver Dysfunction on Hangover Symptoms
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Measures | Heavy Drinkers (n = 12) | Moderate Drinkers (n = 17) | Social Drinkers (n = 12) | Heavy vs. Moderate Drinking Group Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics and Family History of Alcoholism | ||||
Sex (M or F) | n(M) = 9, n(F) = 3 | n(M) = 6, n(F) = 11 | n(M) = 5, n(F) = 7 | NA |
Age (years.) a,b | 49.8 ± 9.8 | 25.1± 3.1 | 31.6 ± 10.6 | ≤0.001 |
BMI a | 30.6 ± 7.6 | 25.1 ± 4.7 | 25.0 ± 3.1 | 0.023 |
FHA | FHP, n = 11; FHN, n = 1 | FHP, n = 8; FHN, n = 9 | FHP, n = 5; FHN, n = 7 | NA |
Heavy Drinking Markers | ||||
TD90 a,b | 1153.92 ± 765.56 | 74.41 ± 31.39 | 23.67 ± 18.14 | ≤0.001 |
HDD90 a | 67.33 ± 34.88 | 4.82 ± 9.47 | 0.58 ± 1.38 | ≤0.001 |
NDD90 a | 72.5 ± 24.4 | 31.47 ± 16.62 | 18.25 ± 18.70 | ≤0.001 |
AvgDPD90 a,b | 13.57 ± 8.1 | 2.5 ± 0.99 | 1.4 ± 0.72 | ≤0.001 |
AUDIT Scores and Its Domains | ||||
AUDIT | 23.08 ± 8.19 | NC | NC | NA |
AUDIT>20 | 10/12 | NC | NC | NA |
HzAU | 9.92 ± 2.15 | NC | NC | NA |
DS | 5.83 ± 3.86 | NC | NC | NA |
HAU | 7.33 ± 4.5 | NC | NC | NA |
Symptoms | Social Drinkers (SD) n = 12 | Moderate Drinkers (MD) n = 17 | Heavy Drinkers (HD) n = 12 | MD vs. HD Effects (Adjusted R2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hangover a | 0.33 ± 0.89 | 1.12 ± 1.22 | 2.67 ± 2.87 | p = 0.056; R2 = 0.129 |
Thirsty a,b | 0.33 ± 0.65 | 2.94 ± 1.89 | 4.50 ± 1.93 | p = 0.039; R2 = 0.149 |
Tired a,b | 0.83 ± 1.64 | 3.35 ± 1.73 | 3.08 ± 2.54 | p = 0.736; R2 = 0.004 |
Headache | 0.33 ± 1.16 | 1.59 ± 1.91 | 1.92 ± 2.54 | p = 0.693; R2 = 0.006 |
Dizziness a | 0.00 | 0.18 ± 0.53 | 2.25 ± 0.53 | p = 0.005; R2 = 0.259 |
Nausea a | 0.00 | 0.59 ± 1.12 | 3.50 ± 2.61 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.214 |
Stomachache a | 0.00 | 0.35 ± 0.86 | 3.17 ± 2.29 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.445 |
Heart-racing a | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.08 ± 2.78 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.441 |
Loss of Appetite a | 0.00 | 0.18 ± 0.73 | 4.50 ± 2.15 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.689 |
Craving a | 0.00 | 0.41 ± 1.18 | 4.0 ± 2.83 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.451 |
AvgHS a,b | 0.18 ± 0.41 | 1.14 ± 0.64 | 3.3 ± 1.58 | p ≤ 0.001; R2 = 0.489 |
Measures | Heavy Drinkers (n = 12) | Moderate Drinkers (n = 17) | Social Drinkers (n = 12) | Heavy vs. Moderate Drinking Group Significance |
---|---|---|---|---|
ALT (U/L) | 73.83 ± 61.00 | 18.82 ± 7.95 | 28.5 ± 28.77 | 0.001 |
AST (U/L) | 174.75 ± 82.11 | 24.53 ± 6.27 | 28.7 ± 13.92 | ≤0.001 |
AST:ALT ratio | 3.53 ± 2.56 | 1.39 ± 0.48 | 1.03 ± 0.56 | 0.002 |
Total Bilirubin (μmol/L) | 9.72 ± 7.77 | 0.55 ± 0.35 | 0.610 ± 0.31 | ≤0.001 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 2.66 ± 0.29 | 4.17 ± 0.26 | 4.08 ± 0.24 | ≤0.001 |
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Vatsalya, V.; Hassan, H.Z.; Kong, M.; Stangl, B.L.; Schwandt, M.L.; Schmidt-Teron, V.Y.; Verster, J.C.; Ramchandani, V.A.; McClain, C.J. Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111943
Vatsalya V, Hassan HZ, Kong M, Stangl BL, Schwandt ML, Schmidt-Teron VY, Verster JC, Ramchandani VA, McClain CJ. Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(11):1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111943
Chicago/Turabian StyleVatsalya, Vatsalya, Hamza Z. Hassan, Maiying Kong, Bethany L. Stangl, Melanie L. Schwandt, Veronica Y. Schmidt-Teron, Joris C. Verster, Vijay A. Ramchandani, and Craig J. McClain. 2019. "Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11: 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111943
APA StyleVatsalya, V., Hassan, H. Z., Kong, M., Stangl, B. L., Schwandt, M. L., Schmidt-Teron, V. Y., Verster, J. C., Ramchandani, V. A., & McClain, C. J. (2019). Exacerbation of Hangover Symptomology Significantly Corresponds with Heavy and Chronic Alcohol Drinking: A Pilot Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(11), 1943. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111943