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Volume 13
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10.3390/jmse13020265
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Modeling Ocean Wave Conditions at a Shallow Coast Under Scarce Data Availability: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

by
Hoang Thai Duong Vu
1,*,
Moritz Zemann
2,
Roderick van der Linden
3,
Trinh Cong Dan
1,
Peter Oberle
1,
Frank Seidel
1,
Nguyet Minh Nguyen
4 and
Le Xuan Tu
4
1
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Water and Environment (IWU), Engesserstrasse 22, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
2
Disy Informationssysteme GmbH, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 6, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
3
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Wolfgang-Gaede-Str. 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
4
Southern Institute of Water Resources Research (SIWRR), District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(2), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020265
Submission received: 5 December 2024 / Revised: 18 January 2025 / Accepted: 22 January 2025 / Published: 30 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Coastal Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

In the presented work, design conditions for breakwaters were derived from offshore climate reanalysis data (ERA5), which were downscaled to the nearshore by two numerical approaches, i.e., SwanOne and Delft3D, for different average and extreme wave and weather conditions. Model validation was performed using in situ measurements. The advantages and disadvantages of both numerical approaches were investigated. Both models showed sufficient accuracy according to measurements in the field, where SwanOne offers a simple and fast calculation method, while Delft3D provides a more complete representation, not only of waves but also current dynamics. However, it requires a much broader amount of input parameters and more complex boundary conditions. Then, SwanOne was applicable to calculate nearshore wave characteristics based on the input parameters extracted from the statistical analysis of long-term ERA5 data. Based on this process, design wave heights and periods at the nearshore were determined for 10- to 100-year return periods. For breakwater design on the west coast of the Mekong Delta, maximum wave heights in a range of 1.1 m to 1.3 m at a distance of 100 m to 300 m could be determined for a return period of 20 years, corresponding to water depths of 2.33 m and 2.88 m, respectively.
Keywords: Mekong Delta; waves; ERA5; Delft3D; SwanOne Mekong Delta; waves; ERA5; Delft3D; SwanOne

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Vu, H.T.D.; Zemann, M.; van der Linden, R.; Dan, T.C.; Oberle, P.; Seidel, F.; Nguyen, N.M.; Tu, L.X. Modeling Ocean Wave Conditions at a Shallow Coast Under Scarce Data Availability: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020265

AMA Style

Vu HTD, Zemann M, van der Linden R, Dan TC, Oberle P, Seidel F, Nguyen NM, Tu LX. Modeling Ocean Wave Conditions at a Shallow Coast Under Scarce Data Availability: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(2):265. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020265

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vu, Hoang Thai Duong, Moritz Zemann, Roderick van der Linden, Trinh Cong Dan, Peter Oberle, Frank Seidel, Nguyet Minh Nguyen, and Le Xuan Tu. 2025. "Modeling Ocean Wave Conditions at a Shallow Coast Under Scarce Data Availability: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 2: 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020265

APA Style

Vu, H. T. D., Zemann, M., van der Linden, R., Dan, T. C., Oberle, P., Seidel, F., Nguyen, N. M., & Tu, L. X. (2025). Modeling Ocean Wave Conditions at a Shallow Coast Under Scarce Data Availability: A Case Study in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(2), 265. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13020265

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