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Fibers
Volume 8
Issue 7
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Fibers, Volume 8, Issue 7 (July 2020) – 4 articles

Cover Story (view full-size image): Carbon nanotubes filled siloxane composites foams were applied for oil spill recovery application. Functionalized and pristine carbon nanotubes were investigated. Their compression properties were examined to study foams cyclability. Pristine samples evidenced mechanical stability in cyclic compressive loads, maintaining high stress values for 30 cycles. View this paper
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16 pages, 2510 KiB  
Article
Specific Dimensional Change Behavior of Laminated Beech Veneer Lumber (BauBuche) in Terms of Moisture Absorption and Desorption
by Jan T. Benthien, Martin Riegler, Nick Engehausen and Martin Nopens
Fibers 2020, 8(7), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8070047 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4382
Abstract
Replacing greenhouse gas-intensive building materials with wood products from sustainable forestry contributes to the implementation of current climate conventions such as the Paris Agreement. Hardwood products, such as laminated veneer lumber made of beech (e.g., BauBuche), are an alternative to conventional building materials. [...] Read more.
Replacing greenhouse gas-intensive building materials with wood products from sustainable forestry contributes to the implementation of current climate conventions such as the Paris Agreement. Hardwood products, such as laminated veneer lumber made of beech (e.g., BauBuche), are an alternative to conventional building materials. For the application of wood products in the construction sector, a precise knowledge of the mechanical and physical properties is essential. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the sorption behavior and associated dimensional changes of the product BauBuche. This was done by applying a manual testing procedure (climatic chamber, balance and caliper) as well as a dynamic vapor sorption analyzer equipped with a camera. During initial moistening after production, due to the irreversible spring back (approximately 2 mm at 50 mm; i.e., 4%), Baubuche shows an extremely strong swelling in the radial direction. Once the maximum spring back is reached, Baubuche shows sorption behavior in the radial and tangential direction, which is comparable to that of solid beech wood in the radial direction. Consequently, the dimensional changes caused by moisture changes must be taken into account in the dimensioning of Baubuche components in order to avoid damage to building structures. Full article
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26 pages, 2612 KiB  
Article
Effects of Flat-Shaped Face Layer Particles and Core Layer Particles of Intentionally Greater Thickness on the Properties of Wood-Reduced Particleboard
by Jan T. Benthien and Martin Ohlmeyer
Fibers 2020, 8(7), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8070046 - 13 Jul 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3428
Abstract
Against the background of the intention to reduce the amount of wood used in the production of particleboard for economic reasons, the associated reduction in panel density and consequently the panel properties, the influence of the alternative use of flat-shaped face layer particles [...] Read more.
Against the background of the intention to reduce the amount of wood used in the production of particleboard for economic reasons, the associated reduction in panel density and consequently the panel properties, the influence of the alternative use of flat-shaped face layer particles and core layer particles of intentionally greater thickness on the panel properties was investigated. Appropriate particles were made for this purpose, panels with typical (650 kg/m3) and reduced wood usage (500 kg/m3) were produced, and e.g., their bending properties and internal bond strength were determined. Particle size characterization was done with sieve analysis, image analysis (length and width measurement), and manual thickness gauging. It was found that the alternative use of the flat-shaped particle significantly increased the bending properties and thus the level of the reference can be achieved despite the reduced use of wood. The reason for the increased bending properties was assumed to be the higher strength of the particles themselves and the more effective adhesive bond between the particles. The increase in internal bond strength when using alternative particles could be attributed solely the different production history (e.g., use of fresh cutting blades and laboratory scale production). Full article
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20 pages, 5899 KiB  
Article
Carbon Nanotubes-Filled Siloxane Composite Foams for Oil Recovery Application: Compression Properties
by Elpida Piperopoulos, Luigi Calabrese, Emanuela Mastronardo, Edoardo Proverbio and Candida Milone
Fibers 2020, 8(7), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8070045 - 10 Jul 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3853
Abstract
This paper studies the correlation between oil recovery usability and mechanical behavior under compression loads of an innovative oil recovery material. The examined composites are silicone foams filled with carbon nanotubes (CNT). Here, the reutilization of oil recovery processes of the newly developed [...] Read more.
This paper studies the correlation between oil recovery usability and mechanical behavior under compression loads of an innovative oil recovery material. The examined composites are silicone foams filled with carbon nanotubes (CNT). Here, the reutilization of oil recovery processes of the newly developed composite foams is evaluated. In this regard, static and cyclic compressive tests are carried out. Samples filled with pristine and functionalized CNT are tested to evaluate the influence of the filler’s characteristics on the composite foam’s mechanical behavior. The results show that the presence of CNT (CNT-0) increases the elastic modulus (0.030 MPa) and collapse stress (0.010 MPa) of the siloxane matrix. On the contrary, as the CNT functionalization degree increases, a worsening of the composite’s mechanical performance is observed. CNT-0 foam evidences, also, the optimal mechanical stability to cyclic compressive loads, maintaining high stress values until 30 cycles. Furthermore, a correlation between the absorption capacity, elastic modulus, and cyclability is reported, highlighting a simplified approach to tailor the high absorption durability performance of filled CNT silicone foams. The promising results confirm the possible reuse of these new composite foams as absorbent materials for oil spill recovery applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Based Composites for Advanced Sustainable Technologies)
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11 pages, 3644 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Wear and Physical Properties of Pawpaw–Glass Fiber Hybrid Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Structural Application
by Isiaka Oluwole Oladele, Oluwaseun Temilola Ayanleye, Adeolu Adesoji Adediran, Baraka Abiodun Makinde-Isola, Anuoluwapo Samuel Taiwo and Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
Fibers 2020, 8(7), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/fib8070044 - 3 Jul 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3728
Abstract
In this study, wear resistance and some selected physical properties of pawpaw–glass fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. Two different layers of pawpaw stem—linear and network structures—were extracted and chemically modified. Hybrid reinforced composites were developed comparatively from the two fiber structures [...] Read more.
In this study, wear resistance and some selected physical properties of pawpaw–glass fiber hybrid reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. Two different layers of pawpaw stem—linear and network structures—were extracted and chemically modified. Hybrid reinforced composites were developed comparatively from the two fiber structures and glass fiber using hand lay-up in an open mold production process. The wear resistance was studied via the use of a Taber Abrasion Tester while selected physical properties were also investigated. The influence of the fiber structure on the properties examined revealed that network structured pawpaw fiber was the best as reinforcement compared to the linearly structured fiber. The addition of these vegetable fibers to epoxy resin brought about improved thermal conductivity and increased the curing rate while the wear resistance of the corresponding developed composites were enhanced by 3 wt% and 15 wt% of fibers from linear and network pawpaw fibers. It was noticed that linearly structured pawpaw fiber had its best result at 3 wt% while network structured pawpaw fiber had its best result at 15 wt%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cementitious Composites Reinforced with Recycled and Natural Fibers: Experimental Results and Numerical Modelling 2019)
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