Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Imaging and Shear Wave Elastography to Discriminate Patients with Chronic Neck Pain from Asymptomatic Individuals
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Sample Size Estimation
2.4. Outcomes
2.4.1. Demographic and Clinical Data
2.4.2. Cervical Multifidus Ultrasound Imaging Acquisition
2.4.3. B-Mode Ultrasound and Shear Wave Elastography Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Cases (n = 174) | Controls (n = 142) | Between-Group Differences | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males (n = 64) | Females (n = 110) | Difference | Males (n = 91) | Females (n = 51) | Difference | ||
Demographic Data | |||||||
Age (y) | 23.2 ± 8.2 | 23.1 ± 7.0 | 0.0 (−2.2; 2.4) p = 0.957 | 22.9 ± 5.6 | 22.0 ± 4.9 | 0.3 (−1.5; 2.1) p = 0.751 | 0.9 (−0.5; 2.4) p = 0.214 |
Height (m) | 1.79 ± 0.06 | 1.64 ± 0.05 | 0.1 (0.13; 0.16) p < 0.001 | 1.78 ± 0.06 | 1.66 ± 0.06 | 0.13 (0.10; 0.15) p < 0.001 | 0.04 (0.02; 0.06) p < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 79.4 ± 20.4 | 60.6 ± 11.3 | 18.7 (14.0; 23.5) p < 0.001 | 75.3 ± 10.8 | 61.1 ± 9.5 | 14.2 (10.6; 17.8) p < 0.001 | 2.7 (0.8; 6.1) p = 0.133 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.7 ± 7.0 | 22.4 ± 4.2 | 2.3 (0.6; 4.0) p = 0.008 | 23.5 ± 3.0 | 22.2 ± 3.4 | 1.3 (0.2; 2.4) p = 0.022 | 0.3 (−0.7; 1.3) p = 0.600 |
Clinical Data | |||||||
NDI (0–100) | 27.0 ± 16.8 | 27.4 ± 15.2 | 0.4 (−4.5; 5.3) p = 0.878 | ||||
VAS (0–10) | 5.1 ± 1.4 | 5.5 ± 1.6 | 0.4 (0.0; 1.0) p = 0.052 |
Variables | Cases (n = 174) | Controls (n = 142) | Between-Group Differences | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case/Control | Male/Female | Left/Right | Group*Gender*Side | |||
Area | 1.05 ± 0.22 | 1.08 ± 0.22 | = 0.006 | = 0.295 | = 0.028 | = 0.002 |
Perimeter | 4.99 ± 0.59 | 4.99 ± 0.63 | = 0.007 | = 0.209 | = 0.000 | = 0.006 |
MEI | 52.93 ± 15.5 | 50.37 ± 14.94 | = 0.012 | = 0.098 | = 0.002 | = 0.002 |
Fatty Infiltration | 26.83 ± 10.11 | 20.47 ± 7.41 | = 0.133 | = 0.038 | = 0.006 | = 0.001 |
YM | 40.74 ± 28.96 | 33.89 ± 23.21 | = 0.000 | = 0.086 | = 0.000 | = 0.000 |
SWS | 3.46 ± 1.15 | 3.12 ± 1.03 | = 0.000 | = 0.092 | = 0.000 | = 0.001 |
Variables | Area | Perimeter | Mean Echo Intensity | Fat Infiltration | Young’s Modulus | Shear Wave Speed |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROC value | 0.475 | 0.500 | 0.587 | 0.723 | 0.576 | 0.591 |
95% CI | 0.385–0.565 | 0.409–0.590 | 0.498–0.675 | 0.644–0.803 | 0.487–0.664 | 0.503–0.679 |
Cut-off point | 0.77 | 5.48 | 49.22 | 25.77 | 21.86 | 2.51 |
Significance | 0.588 | 0.997 | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.094 | 0.044 |
Youden Index | 0.047 | 0.090 | 0.210 | 0.392 | 0.123 | 0.185 |
Sensitivity | 0.84 | 0.24 | 0.415 | 0.598 | 0.750 | 0.804 |
Specificity | 0.79 | 0.21 | 0.205 | 0.205 | 0.606 | 0.620 |
Positive LR | 4.00 | 0.30 | 0.52 | 0.75 | 1.90 | 2.11 |
Negative LR | 0.20 | 3.61 | 2.85 | 1.96 | 0.41 | 0.31 |
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Plaza-Manzano, G.; Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C.; Díaz-Arribas, M.J.; Navarro-Santana, M.J.; Sánchez-Jorge, S.; Romero-Morales, C.; Valera-Calero, J.A. Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Imaging and Shear Wave Elastography to Discriminate Patients with Chronic Neck Pain from Asymptomatic Individuals. Healthcare 2024, 12, 1987. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191987
Plaza-Manzano G, Fernández-de-las-Peñas C, Díaz-Arribas MJ, Navarro-Santana MJ, Sánchez-Jorge S, Romero-Morales C, Valera-Calero JA. Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Imaging and Shear Wave Elastography to Discriminate Patients with Chronic Neck Pain from Asymptomatic Individuals. Healthcare. 2024; 12(19):1987. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191987
Chicago/Turabian StylePlaza-Manzano, Gustavo, César Fernández-de-las-Peñas, María José Díaz-Arribas, Marcos José Navarro-Santana, Sandra Sánchez-Jorge, Carlos Romero-Morales, and Juan Antonio Valera-Calero. 2024. "Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Imaging and Shear Wave Elastography to Discriminate Patients with Chronic Neck Pain from Asymptomatic Individuals" Healthcare 12, no. 19: 1987. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191987
APA StylePlaza-Manzano, G., Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C., Díaz-Arribas, M. J., Navarro-Santana, M. J., Sánchez-Jorge, S., Romero-Morales, C., & Valera-Calero, J. A. (2024). Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound Imaging and Shear Wave Elastography to Discriminate Patients with Chronic Neck Pain from Asymptomatic Individuals. Healthcare, 12(19), 1987. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12191987