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Volume 13
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10.3390/healthcare13030259
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Mental Health Outcomes Among Female Ukrainian Refugees in Germany—A Mixed Method Approach Exploring Resources and Stressors

by
Adekunle Adedeji
1,2,3,4,*,
Stella Kaltenbach
2,
Franka Metzner
4,
Viktoriia Kovach
2,
Stefan Rudschinat
5,
Isabel Marin Arrizabalaga
6 and
Johanna Buchcik
2
1
Department of Social Work, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 20099 Hamburg, Germany
2
Department of Health Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 21033 Hamburg, Germany
3
Bremen International Graduate School of Social Sciences, Constructor University, 28759 Bremen, Germany
4
Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
5
Johann-Daniel-Lawaetz-Stiftung, 22763 Hamburg, Germany
6
Mit Migranten für Migranten (MiMi), 22765 Hamburg, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Healthcare 2025, 13(3), 259; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030259
Submission received: 26 November 2024 / Revised: 20 January 2025 / Accepted: 24 January 2025 / Published: 28 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Mental Well-Being and Health Equity in Marginalized Communities)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Mental health outcomes among female refugees are complex and multifaceted. This study examines the mental health outcomes and coping resources of female Ukrainian refugees in Germany using a mixed methods approach with qualitative focus groups and quantitative assessments. Methods: This study employs a mixed methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Three focus group discussions with fifteen participants were conducted in Hamburg in April 2023. A stepwise qualitative data analysis was done using a deductive coding technique. The quantitative analysis focused on descriptive statistics to summarize the data and provide an overview of participants’ mental health and well-being. Results: Our findings show that 43% of participants reported anxiety symptoms, and 21% showed signs of depression—many experienced isolation and disconnection and were struggling with cultural adaptation and the emotional toll of displacement. Despite challenges, participants utilized various coping strategies, such as staying active, volunteering, and seeking community support. However, significant barriers to accessing mental health services, especially for children, were identified. Conclusions: The study underscores the need for tailored interventions, including language support, accessible mental health resources, and community engagement, to foster resilience and well-being. It highlights the importance of comprehensive support systems for refugee populations in host countries, such as active lifestyles, social support, volunteer work, and successful integration.
Keywords: female Ukrainian refugees; mental health outcomes; psychological well-being; mixed methods approach; stressors; language barriers; acculturation stress; anxiety and depression; isolation and disconnection; coping resources female Ukrainian refugees; mental health outcomes; psychological well-being; mixed methods approach; stressors; language barriers; acculturation stress; anxiety and depression; isolation and disconnection; coping resources

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MDPI and ACS Style

Adedeji, A.; Kaltenbach, S.; Metzner, F.; Kovach, V.; Rudschinat, S.; Arrizabalaga, I.M.; Buchcik, J. Mental Health Outcomes Among Female Ukrainian Refugees in Germany—A Mixed Method Approach Exploring Resources and Stressors. Healthcare 2025, 13, 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030259

AMA Style

Adedeji A, Kaltenbach S, Metzner F, Kovach V, Rudschinat S, Arrizabalaga IM, Buchcik J. Mental Health Outcomes Among Female Ukrainian Refugees in Germany—A Mixed Method Approach Exploring Resources and Stressors. Healthcare. 2025; 13(3):259. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030259

Chicago/Turabian Style

Adedeji, Adekunle, Stella Kaltenbach, Franka Metzner, Viktoriia Kovach, Stefan Rudschinat, Isabel Marin Arrizabalaga, and Johanna Buchcik. 2025. "Mental Health Outcomes Among Female Ukrainian Refugees in Germany—A Mixed Method Approach Exploring Resources and Stressors" Healthcare 13, no. 3: 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030259

APA Style

Adedeji, A., Kaltenbach, S., Metzner, F., Kovach, V., Rudschinat, S., Arrizabalaga, I. M., & Buchcik, J. (2025). Mental Health Outcomes Among Female Ukrainian Refugees in Germany—A Mixed Method Approach Exploring Resources and Stressors. Healthcare, 13(3), 259. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13030259

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