Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

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Open AccessCase Report

Appendicular Mass–A Rare Form of Tuberculosis

by Petrișor Banu, Vlad D. Constantin, Florian Popa, Mircea Brătucu, Teodora Vlădescu and Cristian Bălălău

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 80-84; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P8084 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Tuberculosis is in the top 10 causes of death worldwide, being one of the most deadly infectious diseases. It is estimated that one of three people from the entire earth population has a latent infection with M tuberculosis. This aerobic bacterium possesses the [...] Read more.

Tuberculosis is in the top 10 causes of death worldwide, being one of the most deadly infectious diseases. It is estimated that one of three people from the entire earth population has a latent infection with M tuberculosis. This aerobic bacterium possesses the ability to persist in host tissues for years and to begin replication once immunity declines. The lungs are most frequent site of infection as the Mycobacterium tuberculosis is carried by aerosol droplets and is commonly transmitted by respiratory route. The second way of transmission is by contaminated food. Intestinal contamination coexists with pulmonary tuberculosis and only 10% represent primitive enteric diseases. The ileocecal region is involved most frequently. Even in this context isolated appendicular involvement remains rare. We report the case of appendicular tuberculosis in a 17-year-old woman with no evidence of other location of disease elsewhere in the body. Full article

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Open AccessCase Report

Diagnostic Challenges and Treatment Difficulties in a Patient with Excoriated Acne Conglobata

by Simona R. Georgescu, Maria I. Sârbu, Cristina I. Mitran, Mădălina I. Mitran, Vasile Benea and Mircea Tampa

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 74-79; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P7479 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Acne conglobata is a rare and severe form of acne vulgaris, characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and sometimes hematic or meliceric crusts. Acne excoriée is a form of self-inflicted skin condition in which the patient picks on imaginary or [...] Read more.

Acne conglobata is a rare and severe form of acne vulgaris, characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and sometimes hematic or meliceric crusts. Acne excoriée is a form of self-inflicted skin condition in which the patient picks on imaginary or real acne lesions. We report the case of a 16 year old Caucasian female patient from the urban area who addressed our dermatology department for erythematous, edematous plaques covered by pustules and crusts, located on the face. The anamnesis revealed that during the last weeks she had had a depressive mood after ending a relationship with her boyfriend and started scratching and picking on the lesions. The patient's depressive mood prior to the worsening of the disease was probably aggravated by the condition. This might have determined the picking of the skin which could have impeded the response to standard treatment. The self-excoriative behavior could also be regarded as an appeal for help. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

The Prevalence of High Dysplastic Colonic Adenomatous Polyps in a 3 Year Endoscopic Retrospective Study from a Single Clinical Center

by Alexandru C. Septimiu, Cosmin A. Moldovan and Florin D. Ungureanu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 67-73; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P6773 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Introduction: Many colon neoplastic tumors come from the malignancy of adenomatous polyps (70%–90%) that were not timely diagnosed in order to be resected. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study regarding the incidence of adenomatous polyps during 1.000 consecutive colonoscopies [...] Read more.

Introduction: Many colon neoplastic tumors come from the malignancy of adenomatous polyps (70%–90%) that were not timely diagnosed in order to be resected. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study regarding the incidence of adenomatous polyps during 1.000 consecutive colonoscopies performed in our Upper and Lower Digestive Endoscopy Laboratory during a three-year period. Results: During these colonoscopies, some targeted polyps were biopsied or completely removed and the samples had been sent to a complete anatomopathological examination. Taking into consideration the results, the polyps were classified after the histological type and the form of dysplasia, in order to determine the polyp forms that present a high risk of malignancy. Conclusion: Given the rather high frequency of malignant polyps discovered during our study, we highly recommend colonoscopy as a method of choice for routine monitoring of selected cases. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

An Evidence Based Guide to a Safe Intraoperative Approach of Avoiding Iatrogenic Lesions During Difficult Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies

by Cosmin A. Moldovan, Roxana M. Duncea, Florin D. Ungureanu and Vladimir Belis

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 49-58; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P4958 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Introduction: Although there are many sources for iatrogenic lesions during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, only a few stand out as being one of the most difficult to predict due to their nature of being very hard to diagnose before surgery. Materials and Methods: [...] Read more.

Introduction: Although there are many sources for iatrogenic lesions during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, only a few stand out as being one of the most difficult to predict due to their nature of being very hard to diagnose before surgery. Materials and Methods: a short guide of cases with an evidence-based approach to avoid laparoscopic iatrogenic lesions. Results: these cases have been classified and presented into 3 main groups: cases with abnormal arterial layout, cases with heavy alteration of the normal anatomy, and cases with anomalies of the main biliary pathway. Conclusions: while not a complete guide covering all aspects of intraoperative traps during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, this series of cases points out some dangerous situations and some simple solutions to avoid those fiercely iatrogenic lesions of the ductal and vascular landmarks associated with an otherwise simple surgical intervention that has become the golden standard of the gallbladder lithiasic pathology. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Depression, Loneliness, and Pet Attachment in Homebound Older Adult Cat and Dog Owners

by Sandy M. Branson, Lisa Boss, Stanley Cron and Dennis C. Turner

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 38-48; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P3848 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Background: Companion animals may reduce depression and loneliness in socially isolated homebound older adults. However, whether owning a cat or dog is more beneficial in this population remains unknown. Materials and Methods: Pet attachment and the levels of depressive symptoms and [...] Read more.

Background: Companion animals may reduce depression and loneliness in socially isolated homebound older adults. However, whether owning a cat or dog is more beneficial in this population remains unknown. Materials and Methods: Pet attachment and the levels of depressive symptoms and loneliness were examined in 39 homebound older adults who exclusively owned a cat(s) or a dog(s). Cat owners (n = 12) and dog owners (n = 27) were assessed for depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form), loneliness (R-UCLA Loneliness Scale), and attachment to pets (Likert scale). Results: Cat owners reported significantly lower levels of depressive symptoms than dog owners (t = 2.12; p = 0.04). There were no significant differences between cat owners and dog owners in regards to levels of loneliness (t = −0.83; p = 0.41). Both cat owners and dog owners reported a high level of attachment to pets (Median = 10 of 10). Conclusions: Although this study provides preliminary evidence that owning a cat to which one is attached is associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms than owning a dog to which one is attached in homebound older adults, the findings should be replicated with longitudinal studies. Findings from such studies may assist homebound older adults in selecting either a cat or dog as a companion pet. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Natural Killer (NK) Cells and Their Involvement in Different Types of Cancer—Current Status of Clinical Research

by Isadora Zaharescu, Adina D. Moldovan and Cristiana Tanase

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 31-37; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P3137 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Natural killer cells are the main agents of innate immunity. Since 1970, various studies have repeatedly confirmed their involvement in decreasing local tumor growth and also decreasing the risk of metastasis, due to their cytotoxic effects and also through the release of immunostimulatory [...] Read more.

Natural killer cells are the main agents of innate immunity. Since 1970, various studies have repeatedly confirmed their involvement in decreasing local tumor growth and also decreasing the risk of metastasis, due to their cytotoxic effects and also through the release of immunostimulatory cytokines such as IFN-gamma. In the 1990s, several studies demonstrated the existence of certain inhibiting and stimulating receptors of these cells, leading to the concept of “induced self”, thus explaining why tumors with MHC-1 are destroyed and autologous cells without it are saved out. Recognition and destruction of tumor cells by the NK cells are the result of complex interactions between inhibiting and activating factors. This paper, based on extensive research of currently available studies, summarizes the mechanisms employed by the NK cells to destroy the cancer cells, thus highlighting their role in the risk of tumor recurrence as well as their use and handling in certain types of immunotherapy. Full article

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Open AccessReview

High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia in Pregnancy–Psychological and Medical Challenges

by Denisa O. Bălălău, Romina M. Sima, Nicolae Bacalbașa, Petrișor Banu, Cristian Bălălău, Liana Pleș and Anca D. Stănescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 24-30; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P2430 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Despite being rare, the incidence of pregnancy-related cancer is expected to rise as women continue to delay childbearing and give birth later in their reproductive years. In this broad category, tumors like breast cancer, dermatological neoplasia and cervical cancer are most common and [...] Read more.

Despite being rare, the incidence of pregnancy-related cancer is expected to rise as women continue to delay childbearing and give birth later in their reproductive years. In this broad category, tumors like breast cancer, dermatological neoplasia and cervical cancer are most common and tend to arise in women of childbearing age. All pregnant women with clinical and cytologic suspicion of cervical cancer, except for squamous atypia or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, should undergo colposcopy, with or without biopsy, the latter being avoided if possible due to possible complications which, although rare, may involve preterm labor initiation. Some studies have attempted to assimilate comparable results of USG with MRI during the gestational period by determining the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) in comparison to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In order to identify the proper way to diagnose and treat the disease, because of the complexity due to pregnancy, a multidisciplinary team consisting of a gynecologist, medical and surgical oncologist, and radiologist should be assembled. Both maternal and fetal wellbeing should be taken into consideration when the medical team must choose among termination of pregnancy, delay of maternal treatment, and iatrogenic preterm delivery. Psychological counseling also plays an important role and due to the sensitivity of the issue, should continue through gestation and the postpartum. In order to develop optimal guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, and outcome issues, large scale prospective studies are needed, but feasibility may be limited due to the scarcity of cervical cancer cases associated with pregnancy. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Informational Dichotomy of the Mind—The Role of Sexual Neuromodulators

by Ion G. Motofei and David L. Rowland

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 19-23; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P1923 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Many basic physiological mechanisms of sexuality were initially studied on animal subjects and conclusions regarding human subjects extrapolated afterward. These ancestral reflexes are assumed to have ascended during human evolution to the cerebral level, where cognition would intermediate (being an environmental operator) both [...] Read more.

Many basic physiological mechanisms of sexuality were initially studied on animal subjects and conclusions regarding human subjects extrapolated afterward. These ancestral reflexes are assumed to have ascended during human evolution to the cerebral level, where cognition would intermediate (being an environmental operator) both sexual and mental processes. Accordingly, the study of human sexuality suggests an additional/particular documentation regarding mental existence and its implication, phenomena that are not characteristic of animals. In a previously published paper we presented ideas regarding the structural dichotomy of the mind and its subsequent implications to sexuality. In this paper we present a general perspective regarding the informational dichotomy of the mind and sexuality, which will be followed by a forthcoming paper that addresses the relational dichotomy of the mind and brain. Though these psychological implications may initially seem implausible, they represent in our opinion essential hypothetical perspectives that could further promote a better understanding of both cognition and sexuality. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Forensic and Clinical Diagnosis in “Shaken Baby Syndrome”, Between Child Abuse and Iatrogenic Abuse

by Roxana M. Duncea, Irina Apostol, Relu G. Calota and Vladimir Belis

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 13-18; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P1318 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

“Shaken baby syndrome” in child abuse cases is a challenge for pediatrician and forensic experts, often a diagnosis of exclusion, with overwhelming moral and legal implications. Diagnosis is based on: subdural bleeding, rupture of retinal vessels, traumatic diffuse axonal injury with diffuse brain [...] Read more.

“Shaken baby syndrome” in child abuse cases is a challenge for pediatrician and forensic experts, often a diagnosis of exclusion, with overwhelming moral and legal implications. Diagnosis is based on: subdural bleeding, rupture of retinal vessels, traumatic diffuse axonal injury with diffuse brain encephalopathy in the absence of external traumatic injuries and anamnesis data of an accidentally head injury. Microscopic findings in diffuse axonal injuries were initially considered as a specific traumatic effect due to unrestricted movement and accelerated rotation of the head. Immunohistochemistry of beta amyloid protein precursor is gold standard method for identifying pathological diffuse axonal lesions, which is however non-specific in brain trauma. In the diagnosis of this syndrome pediatricians and forensic examiners must take into account the particularities of each case, avoiding scientific speculation, to intuit controversies and always be familiar with the differential diagnosis. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Adverse Reactions of Biological Therapies in Patients with Psoriasis

by Maria I. Sârbu, Mircea Tampa, Mădălina I. Mitran, Cristina I. Mitran, Alexandra M. Limbău and Simona R. Georgescu

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 4-12; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P0412 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder characterized by well demarcated, erythematous plaques covered by thick, silvery-white scales, most often located on the knees, elbows, sacral area and scalp. It has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Biological therapies revolutionized the [...] Read more.

Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder characterized by well demarcated, erythematous plaques covered by thick, silvery-white scales, most often located on the knees, elbows, sacral area and scalp. It has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Biological therapies revolutionized the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris but there has been concern regarding the use of those agents due to severe adverse reactions reported in patients receiving TNF-α inhibitors for various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this paper is to review the most important adverse reactions reported in patients receiving biological treatments. The most common and severe side effects associated with biologicals are infections, cardiac adverse reactions, neurologic adverse reactions, lymphomas, non-melanoma skin cancers and hepatobiliary disease. Full article

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Open AccessEditorial

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences: Translational and Integrative Mission

by David L. Rowland and Ion G. Motofei

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 1-3; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P0013 - 31 Mar 2017

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Abstract

Initiated four years ago, Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences (J Mind Med Sci.) established the mission to publish papers on mental and medical topics in distinct but closely interrelated domains. The editorial policy especially encourages interdisciplinary and integrative perspectives, being equally focused [...] Read more.

Initiated four years ago, Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences (J Mind Med Sci.) established the mission to publish papers on mental and medical topics in distinct but closely interrelated domains. The editorial policy especially encourages interdisciplinary and integrative perspectives, being equally focused on basic research and clinical investigations and short reports. The journal adheres to the philosophy that high quality, original ideas and information should be readily accessible and freely shared within and amongst the scientific community. Accordingly, J Mind Med Sci. is an online, open access, non-for-profit journal which, because of individual/private support, has levied no charges for submission, review, and publication of articles. All published articles may be freely downloaded and used by anyone from anywhere for scientific purposes. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences is published by ValpoScholar/ Valparaiso University using the leading institutional repository platform of Digital Commons (powered by Bepress and under the local management of Jon Bull, Library Services, Valparaiso University), which combines submission management, editorial, and peer-review tools into a unique and flexible publishing software system. These editorial and publishing norms have facilitated the journal’s evolution, now indexed and abstracted in several international respected databases. Journal visibility is wide among international academic institutions and readers, as documented by the number of downloaded articles cited in respected journals, some indexed by Thomson Reuters and having high impact factors. In addition, published authors in J Mind Med Sci. periodically receive a statistical report about views /downloads of their articles. It is a pleasure and honor to thank all those who have thus far supported the journal activity (authors, reviewers, editorial board and assistance, publishing support), and to further invite and encourage scientists to contribute to the general progress of knowledge, and in particular to the development of mental and medical disciplines, using our academic platform, available at http://scholar.valpo.edu/jmms/. Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Melatonin Modulates Inflammatory Response and Suppresses Burn-Induced Apoptotic Injury

by Ganka Bekyarova, Milena Atanasova, Maria Tzaneva and Anelia Dimitrova

J. Mind Med. Sci. 2017, 4(1), 59-66; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.41.P5966 - 24 Sep 2016

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Abstract

Introduction: Melatonin, the principal secretory product of the pineal gland, has antioxidant functions as a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of melatonin against inflammatory response, burn-induced oxidative damage and apoptotic changes [...] Read more.

Introduction: Melatonin, the principal secretory product of the pineal gland, has antioxidant functions as a potent antioxidant and free radical scavenger. Objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of melatonin against inflammatory response, burn-induced oxidative damage and apoptotic changes of rat liver. Methods: Melatonin (10 mg /kg, i.p.) was applied immediately after 30% of total body surface area (TBSA) burns on male Wistar rats. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) as a marker of an oxidative stress was quantified by thiobarbituric method. Hepatic TNFα and IL-10 as inflammatory markers were assayed by ELISA. Using light immunоchistochemistry the expression Ki67 proliferative marker was investigated. Results: Hepatic MDA and TNF-α levels increased significantly following burns without any change in IL-10 level. Intracellular vacuolization, hepatic cell degeneration and apoptosis occurred in rats after burns. The number of apoptotic cells was increased whereas no significant increase in Ki67 proliferative marker. Melatonin decreased the MDA and TNF-α content and increased the IL-10 level. It also limited the degenerative changes and formation of apoptotic cells in rat liver but did not increase expression of the marker of proliferation. In conclusion, our data show that melatonin relieves burn-induced hepatic damage associated with modulation of the proinflammatory/anti-inflammatory balance, mitigation of lipid peroxidation and hepatic apoptosis. Full article

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J. Mind Med. Sci., Volume 4, Issue 1 (March 2017) – 12 articles

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