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Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Valparaiso University (ValpoScholar).
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Review

Modern Interpretation of Risk Factors in Breast Cancer of Women

by
Oana Denisa Bălălău
1,2,*,#,
Răzvan Valentin Scăunașu
1,3,#,
Octavian Gabriel Olaru
1,2,#,
Anca Silvia Dumitriu
4,#,
Stana Paunica
4,#,
Liliana Florina Andronache
1,# and
Anca Daniela Stănescu
1,2,#
1
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
2
Bucur Maternity, St. Ioan Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
3
Department of General Surgery, Coltea Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
4
Dan Theodorescu Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
#
All authors contributed equally to this work and thus share first authorship.
J. Mind Med. Sci. 2022, 9(1), 88-95; https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.91.P8895
Submission received: 12 September 2021 / Revised: 13 September 2021 / Accepted: 14 November 2021 / Published: 10 April 2022

Abstract

Breast cancer is a major public health problem, being the most common cancer diagnosed in women and accounting for more than 1 in 10 new diagnoses of cancer each year. It is the most common neoplasm of women under the age of 40 and the second leading cause of cancer death in this age group, with more frequent detection of pathogenic mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes. Women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are about 70% more likely to develop breast cancer. The incidence is rising in most countries and it is expected to have a growing trend in the next 20 years, despite the current efforts to prevent the disease. In order to improve the survival rate, it is necessary to make a diagnosis as early as possible and to initiate the appropriate therapeutic management as soon as possible. Therefore, in order to detect breast formations, mammography screening is very important, breast density being an important factor in predicting the risk of breast cancer. Thus, the presence of high breast density represents a 4–6 times higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to women with low breast density. Aging and menopause are also risk factors for breast cancer. Hormone replacement therapy for postmenopausal women has the benefit of relieving symptoms such as hot flashes, depression or sleep disturbances, but it increases the risk of developing breast cancer.
Keywords: women; breast cancer; hormone therapy; risk factors; BRCA; modern interpretation women; breast cancer; hormone therapy; risk factors; BRCA; modern interpretation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Bălălău, O.D.; Scăunașu, R.V.; Olaru, O.G.; Dumitriu, A.S.; Paunica, S.; Andronache, L.F.; Stănescu, A.D. Modern Interpretation of Risk Factors in Breast Cancer of Women. J. Mind Med. Sci. 2022, 9, 88-95. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.91.P8895

AMA Style

Bălălău OD, Scăunașu RV, Olaru OG, Dumitriu AS, Paunica S, Andronache LF, Stănescu AD. Modern Interpretation of Risk Factors in Breast Cancer of Women. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences. 2022; 9(1):88-95. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.91.P8895

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bălălău, Oana Denisa, Răzvan Valentin Scăunașu, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Anca Silvia Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Liliana Florina Andronache, and Anca Daniela Stănescu. 2022. "Modern Interpretation of Risk Factors in Breast Cancer of Women" Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences 9, no. 1: 88-95. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.91.P8895

APA Style

Bălălău, O. D., Scăunașu, R. V., Olaru, O. G., Dumitriu, A. S., Paunica, S., Andronache, L. F., & Stănescu, A. D. (2022). Modern Interpretation of Risk Factors in Breast Cancer of Women. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 9(1), 88-95. https://doi.org/10.22543/7674.91.P8895

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