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Feature Papers in Immunology and Immunotherapy
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Feature Papers in Immunology and Immunotherapy

A topical collection in Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This collection belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

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Editors

Prof. Dr. Galina F. Sud’ina

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Interests: neutrophils; leukotrienes; inflammation; apoptosis; oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Marjorie Pion

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
ImmunoRegulation Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
Interests: regulatory T cells; immune dysregulation; COVID-19; cellular therapy; CAR-T cell generation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Stefano Bacci

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Research Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Interests: photobiology; photoimmunology; phototherapy; targeted therapies; photobiomodulation; wound healing; basic sciences
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Topical Collection Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immune dysregulation is an important component of the pathophysiology of many diseases. Fine-tuning the immune response to stimulate innate and adaptive immunity while suppressing systemic inflammation may be the key to success in the treatment of many diseases, including COVID-19 during the pandemic.

Immune dysregulation could emerge from every component of the immune system. The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense, and knowledge of the processes involved in recognizing foreign agents is essential for therapeutic strategies for the effective destruction of pathogens and the prevention of excessive immune activation. On the other hand, immunological memory is a unique feature of adaptive immunity against foreign agents and tumorigenic cells, and has been influential in inducing tolerance. All immune regulatory mechanisms work to protect the immune system from pathogens and tumors, and maintain tolerance to self. Still, failure in one or a few of its components could be vital for patients. Moreover, immunotherapy has emerged to be key in restoring homeostasis.

There is a wide range of immunotherapeutic approaches. Allergen-specific immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, and immune cells therapies with unmodified or genetically modified cells have produced remarkable clinical results in patients with many different pathologies. Immunotherapy in cancers has become a hotly contested topic; however, this type of research has opened the door for therapy’s development in many diseases. In this Topical Collection, we plan to collect studies that describe the immune system dysregulation behavior and explore new cutting-edge research on immunotherapies.

Dr. Galina F. Sud’ina
Dr. Marjorie Pion
Dr. Stefano Bacci
Collection Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immunity
  • pathogens
  • inflammation
  • immunological memory
  • autoimmunity

Published Papers (4 papers)

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2024

Jump to: 2022

18 pages, 1776 KiB  
Review
Routinely Used and Emerging Diagnostic and Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Wheat Allergy
by Wanqi Zheng, Christine Yee Yan Wai, Jason Ka Chun Sit, Nam Sze Cheng, Christy Wing Man Leung and Ting Fan Leung
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1549; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071549 - 12 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1351
Abstract
Wheat, a component of the staple diet globally, is a common food allergen in children. The symptoms of wheat allergy (WA) range from skin rash to shortness of breath, significantly impairing quality of life. Following initial clinical suspicion, individuals may undergo routinely used [...] Read more.
Wheat, a component of the staple diet globally, is a common food allergen in children. The symptoms of wheat allergy (WA) range from skin rash to shortness of breath, significantly impairing quality of life. Following initial clinical suspicion, individuals may undergo routinely used allergy tests such as a wheat allergen-specific skin prick test (SPT), a blood test for specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) levels, or oral food challenge. Conventional management of WA lies in wheat avoidance, yet accidental consumption may be inevitable owing to the ubiquity of wheat in various food products. This article aims to provide an overview of the immunologic pathway of WA, followed by its emerging diagnostic methods, namely alcohol-soluble SPT extracts, component-resolved diagnosis, and the basophil activation test (BAT). The mechanisms underlying wheat allergen-specific oral immunotherapy (OIT) as well as a summary of the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of related clinical trials will then be discussed. Full article
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19 pages, 3454 KiB  
Article
Modulating TRPV4 Channel Activity in Pro-Inflammatory Macrophages within the 3D Tissue Analog
by Parto Babaniamansour, Diego Jacho, Skyler Niedzielski, Agustin Rabino, Rafael Garcia-Mata and Eda Yildirim-Ayan
Biomedicines 2024, 12(1), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12010230 - 19 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1994
Abstract
Investigating macrophage plasticity emerges as a promising strategy for promoting tissue regeneration and can be exploited by regulating the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel. The TRPV4 channel responds to various stimuli including mechanical, chemical, and selective pharmacological compounds. It is well [...] Read more.
Investigating macrophage plasticity emerges as a promising strategy for promoting tissue regeneration and can be exploited by regulating the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel. The TRPV4 channel responds to various stimuli including mechanical, chemical, and selective pharmacological compounds. It is well documented that treating cells such as epithelial cells and fibroblasts with a TRPV4 agonist enhances the Ca2+ influx to the cells, which leads to secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while a TRPV4 antagonist reduces both Ca2+ influx and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. In this work, we investigated the effect of selective TRPV4 modulator compounds on U937-differentiated macrophages encapsulated within three-dimensional (3D) matrices. Despite offering a more physiologically relevant model than 2D cultures, pharmacological treatment of macrophages within 3D collagen matrices is largely overlooked in the literature. In this study, pro-inflammatory macrophages were treated with an agonist, 500 nM of GSK1016790A (TRPV4(+)), and an antagonist, 10 mM of RN-1734 (TRPV4(−)), to elucidate the modulation of the TRPV4 channel at both cellular and extracellular levels. To evaluate macrophage phenotypic alterations within 3D collagen matrices following TRPV4 modulator treatment, we employed structural techniques (SEM, Masson’s trichrome, and collagen hybridizing peptide (CHP) staining), quantitative morphological measures for phenotypic assessment, and genotypic methods such as quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our data reveal that pharmacological modulation of the macrophage TRPV4 channel alters the cytoskeletal structure of macrophages and influences the 3D structure encapsulating them. Moreover, we proved that treating macrophages with a TRPV4 agonist and antagonist enhances the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes, respectively, leading to the upregulation of surface markers CD80 and CD206. In the TRPV4(−) group, the CD206 gene and CD206 surface marker were significantly upregulated by 9- and 2.5-fold, respectively, compared to the control group. These findings demonstrate that TRPV4 modulation can be utilized to shift macrophage phenotype within the 3D matrix toward a desired state. This is an innovative approach to addressing inflammation in musculoskeletal tissues. Full article
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2022

Jump to: 2024

18 pages, 2321 KiB  
Article
Ivermectin Affects Neutrophil-Induced Inflammation through Inhibition of Hydroxylysine but Stimulation of Cathepsin G and Phenylalanine Secretion
by Svetlana I. Galkina, Ekaterina A. Golenkina, Marina V. Serebryakova, Natalia V. Fedorova, Alexander L. Ksenofontov, Vladimir I. Stadnichuk and Galina F. Sud’ina
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3284; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123284 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4421
Abstract
The invasion and integrin-dependent adhesion of neutrophils to lung tissues and their secretion lead to the development of pneumonia in various pulmonary pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease. We studied the effect of ivermectin, a possible therapeutic agent for inflammation [...] Read more.
The invasion and integrin-dependent adhesion of neutrophils to lung tissues and their secretion lead to the development of pneumonia in various pulmonary pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome in coronavirus disease. We studied the effect of ivermectin, a possible therapeutic agent for inflammation and cancer, on integrin-dependent neutrophil adhesion to fibronectin and the concomitant secretion. Ivermectin did not affect the attachment of neutrophils to the substrate and the reactive oxygen species production but sharply inhibited the adhesion-induced release of hydroxylysine and stimulated the release of phenylalanine and cathepsin G. Hydroxylysine is a product of lysyl hydroxylase, which is overexpressed in tumor cells with an increased ability to invade and metastasize. The inhibition of hydroxylysine release by ivermectin, by analogy, may indicate the suppression of neutrophil invasion into tissue. The increase in the release of phenylalanine in our experiments coincided with the secretion of cathepsin G, which indicates the possible role of this enzyme in the cleavage of phenylalanine. What is the substrate in such a reaction is unknown. We demonstrated that exogenously added angiotensin II (1–8) can serve as a substrate for phenylalanine cleavage. Mass spectrometry revealed the formation of angiotensin II (1–7) in the secretion of neutrophils, which attached to fibronectin in the presence of ivermectin and exogenous angiotensin II (1–8), indicating a possible involvement of ivermectin in the inactivation of angiotensin II. Full article
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17 pages, 2110 KiB  
Review
Interleukin-18 Binding Protein in Immune Regulation and Autoimmune Diseases
by Seung Yong Park, Yasmin Hisham, Hyun Mu Shin, Su Cheong Yeom and Soohyun Kim
Biomedicines 2022, 10(7), 1750; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071750 - 20 Jul 2022
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 7223
Abstract
Natural soluble antagonist and decoy receptor on the surface of the cell membrane are evolving as crucial immune system regulators as these molecules are capable of recognizing, binding, and neutralizing (so-called inhibitors) their targeted ligands. Eventually, these soluble antagonists and decoy receptors terminate [...] Read more.
Natural soluble antagonist and decoy receptor on the surface of the cell membrane are evolving as crucial immune system regulators as these molecules are capable of recognizing, binding, and neutralizing (so-called inhibitors) their targeted ligands. Eventually, these soluble antagonists and decoy receptors terminate signaling by prohibiting ligands from connecting to their receptors on the surface of cell membrane. Interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) participates in regulating both Th1 and Th2 cytokines. IL-18BP is a soluble neutralizing protein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily as it harbors a single Ig domain. The Ig domain is essential for its binding to the IL-18 ligand and holds partial homology to the IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) known as a decoy receptor of IL-1α and IL-1β. IL-18BP was defined as a unique soluble IL-18BP that is distinct from IL-18Rα and IL-18Rβ chain. IL-18BP is encoded by a separated gene, contains 8 exons, and is located at chr.11 q13.4 within the human genome. In this review, we address the difference in the biological activity of IL-18BP isoforms, in the immunity balancing Th1 and Th2 immune response, its critical role in autoimmune diseases, as well as current clinical trials of recombinant IL-18BP (rIL-18BP) or equivalent. Full article
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