Effect of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide on the Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel for Tubing and Tubular Components in Oil and Gas Industry
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Procedure
2.1. Material and Sample Preparation
2.2. Direct Sulfur/Iron and Sulfide/Iron Reactions Preparation
2.3. Electrochemical Measurements
2.4. Surface Morphology Observation and Corrosion Product Layers Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. First Series of Experiments; Effect of Sulfide (S2−) on the Corrosion Mechanism of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.1.1. Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.1.2. Corrosion Rate of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.2. Second Series of Experiments: the Effect of Elemental Sulfur (S8) on the Corrosion Mechanism of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.2.1. Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.2.2. Corrosion Rate of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel
3.3. Analysis of Corrosion Product Layers on the Surface of the Alloy
General Comparison of the Corrosion Product Layers in Two Series of Experiments
4. Conclusions
- Corrosion resistance of Cr-Mo alloy in the presence of elemental sulfur is significantly lower than its resistance in the presence of sulfide ions with the same experimental conditions.
- Increasing the pH significantly decreases the corrosion rate of Cr-Mo alloy steel in the presence of elemental sulfur, which is due to the formation of evener and compact corrosion product layers on the alloy surface.
- The effect of immersion time on the corrosion behavior of the alloy is more complicated than the effect of pH. Results suggest that a number of factors such as microstructure, composition and the stability of corrosion product layers and immersion time can increase or decrease the corrosion rate.
- How stable the corrosion product layers are from elemental sulfur corrosion in various aggressive environments needs to be further investigated.
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Condition No. | T (°C) | pH | Immersion Time (h) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | 80 | 2 | 10 |
2 | 80 | 2 | 20 |
3 | 80 | 2 | 30 |
4 | 80 | 5 | 10 |
5 | 80 | 5 | 20 |
6 | 80 | 5 | 30 |
Condition No. | T (°C) | PH | Immersion Time (h) |
---|---|---|---|
7 | 80 | 2 | 10 |
8 | 80 | 2 | 20 |
9 | 80 | 2 | 30 |
10 | 80 | 5 | 10 |
11 | 80 | 5 | 20 |
12 | 80 | 5 | 30 |
Experiment | (mV·Decade−1) | (mV·Decade−1) |
---|---|---|
1 | 0.022 | 0.019 |
2 | 0.029 | 0.020 |
3 | 0.020 | 0.019 |
4 | 0.034 | 0.023 |
5 | 0.021 | 0.018 |
6 | 0.028 | 0.020 |
Experiment | 1 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Corrosion Rate (CR) (mm/year) | 0.368 | 0.325 | 0.318 | 0.066 | 0.044 | 0.224 |
Experiment | (mV·Decade−1) | (mV·Decade−1) |
---|---|---|
7 | 0.032 | 0.015 |
8 | 0.030 | 0.013 |
9 | 0.023 | 0.020 |
10 | 0.022 | 0.021 |
11 | 0.022 | 0.019 |
12 | 0.020 | 0.019 |
Experiment | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
pH | 2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
Corrosion Rate (CR) (mm/year) | 0.615 | 0.605 | 0.595 | 0.381 | 0.367 | 0.318 |
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Khaksar, L.; Shirokoff, J. Effect of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide on the Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel for Tubing and Tubular Components in Oil and Gas Industry. Materials 2017, 10, 430. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040430
Khaksar L, Shirokoff J. Effect of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide on the Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel for Tubing and Tubular Components in Oil and Gas Industry. Materials. 2017; 10(4):430. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040430
Chicago/Turabian StyleKhaksar, Ladan, and John Shirokoff. 2017. "Effect of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide on the Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel for Tubing and Tubular Components in Oil and Gas Industry" Materials 10, no. 4: 430. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040430
APA StyleKhaksar, L., & Shirokoff, J. (2017). Effect of Elemental Sulfur and Sulfide on the Corrosion Behavior of Cr-Mo Low Alloy Steel for Tubing and Tubular Components in Oil and Gas Industry. Materials, 10(4), 430. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10040430