Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Subjects and Design
2.2. The Healthy Beverage Index (HBI)
2.3. The HBI-Q
2.4. HBI via Dietary Recalls
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographics
3.2. Comparison of Estimated Energy vs. Reported Energy HBI-Q Methods
3.3. Comparison of HBI Scores via the HBI-Q and Dietary Recalls
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Healthy Beverage Index Components | Description | Points |
---|---|---|
Water | Water comprises ≥20% of fluid requirements | 15 |
No water consumption | 0 | |
Water is >0% but <20% of fluid requirements | Proportional score between 0 and 15 | |
Coffee and Tea | Unsweetened coffee and tea comprise 0–40% of fluid requirements | 5 |
Low-fat Milk | ≤1.5% fat milk comprises 0–16% of fluid requirements | 5 |
Diet Drinks | Artificially sweetened beverages comprise 0–16% of fluid requirements | 5 |
100% Fruit Juice | 100% fruit juice comprises 0–8% of fluid requirements | 5 |
Alcohol | 0–1 drinks for women, 0–2 drinks for men | 5 |
Full-fat Milk | 0% of fluid requirements come from 2% fat or full-fat milk | 5 |
Sugar-sweetened Beverages | Sugar-sweetened beverages are 0–8% of fluid requirements | 15 |
Total Beverage Energy | Energy from beverages ≤10% of total energy | 20 |
Energy from beverages ≥15% of total energy | 0 | |
Energy from beverages is >10% but <15% of total energy | Proportional score between 0 and 20 | |
Met Fluid Requirements b | Amount of beverages (mL) consumed was ≥ fluid requirements | 20 |
Amount of beverages (mL) consumed was < fluid requirements | Proportional score between 0 and 20 |
Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity Category b | Strengthening Exercise Category c | Corresponding Activity Factor d |
---|---|---|
Sedentary | ||
1 | 1 | 1.0 |
1 | 2 | 1.0 |
1 | 3 | 1.0 |
Does not meet recommendations, but not sedentary | ||
2 | 1 | 1.1 |
2 | 2 | 1.1 |
2 | 3 | 1.1 |
Meets physical activity recommendations but not strengthening exercise recommendations | ||
3 | 1 | 1.3 |
3 | 2 | 1.3 |
Meets recommendations for all categories | ||
3 | 3 | 1.5 |
Healthy Beverage Index Components (Possible Score) | Comparison of HBI-Q Scores Using Estimated Energy Needs vs. Reported Energy Intake | ||
---|---|---|---|
HBI-Q Scores with Estimated Energy Needs a | HBI-Q Scores with Reported Energy Intake a | Mean Difference b | |
Water (0–15) | 12.2 (4.7) | 12.1 (4.8) | 0.1 (0.1) |
Coffee & Tea (0–5) | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.8 (1.0) | −0.1 (0.04) |
Low Fat Milk (Skim or 1%) (0–5) | 4.5 (1.6) | 4.4 (1.6) | 0.1 (0.05) |
Diet Drinks (0–5) | 4.2 (1.8) | 4.2 (1.9) | 0.04 (0.05) |
100% Fruit Juice (0–5) | 4.3 (1.8) | 4.2 (1.8) | 0.04 (0.1) |
Alcohol (0–5) | 4.6 (1.4) | 4.6 (1.4) | 0.0 (0.0) |
Whole Fat Milk (≥2%) (0–5) | 3.3 (2.4) | 3.3 (2.4) | 0.0 (0.0) |
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (0–15) | 2.6 (5.7) | 2.8 (5.9) | −0.2 (0.1) |
Total Beverage Energy (0–20) | 5.2 (8.2) | 5.1 (8.3) | 0.2 (0.2) |
Met Total Fluid Requirement (0–20) | 18.1 (3.4) | 17.6 (3.8) | 0.5 (0.1) *** |
Total HBI Score (0–100) | 63.7 (15.8) | 63.2 (16.4) | 0.5 (0.2) |
Healthy Beverage Index Components (Possible Score) | Comparison of HBI Scores Derived from the HBI-Q vs. Dietary Recalls | ||
---|---|---|---|
HBI-Q Scores with Estimated Energy Needs a | Dietary Recall HBI Scores a | Mean Difference b | |
Water (0–15) | 12.2 (4.7) | 11.9 (5.4) | 0.4 (0.2) |
Coffee & Tea (0–5) | 4.7 (1.1) | 4.7 (1.2) | 0.04 (0.1) |
Low Fat Milk (Skim or 1%) (0–5) | 4.5 (1.6) | 4.7 (1.1) | –0.3 (0.1) *** |
Diet Drinks (0–5) | 4.2 (1.8) | 4.4 (1.6) | –0.2 (0.1) |
100% Fruit Juice (0–5) | 4.3 (1.8) | 4.8 (1.1) | −0.5 (0.1) *** |
Alcohol (0–5) | 4.6 (1.4) | 4.7 (1.2) | −0.1 (0.1) |
Whole Fat Milk (≥2%) (0–5) | 3.3 (2.4) | 4.5 (1.5) | −1.2 (0.1) *** |
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (0–15) | 2.6 (5.7) | 3.2 (6.2) | −0.6 (0.3) |
Total Beverage Energy (0–20) | 5.2 (8.2) | 7.3 (8.9) | −2.1 (0.4) *** |
Met Total Fluid Requirement (0–20) | 18.1 (3.4) | 17.1 (4.1) | 0.9 (0.2) *** |
Total HBI Score (0–100) | 63.7 (15.8) | 67.3 (16.8) | 3.6 (0.7) *** |
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Hedrick, V.E.; Myers, E.A.; Zoellner, J.M.; Duffey, K.J.; Davy, B.M. Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns. Nutrients 2018, 10, 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010083
Hedrick VE, Myers EA, Zoellner JM, Duffey KJ, Davy BM. Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns. Nutrients. 2018; 10(1):83. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010083
Chicago/Turabian StyleHedrick, Valisa E., Emily A. Myers, Jamie M. Zoellner, Kiyah J. Duffey, and Brenda M. Davy. 2018. "Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns" Nutrients 10, no. 1: 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010083
APA StyleHedrick, V. E., Myers, E. A., Zoellner, J. M., Duffey, K. J., & Davy, B. M. (2018). Validation of a Rapid Method to Assess Habitual Beverage Intake Patterns. Nutrients, 10(1), 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10010083