Effects of Additional Dietary Fiber Supplements on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Search Strategy
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Search Results and Characteristics
3.2. Quality and Risk of Bias within Studies
3.3. Meta-Analyses
3.4. Serum Glucose Outcomes
3.5. Serum Lipid Outcome
3.6. Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes
3.7. Subgroup Analyses on Fiber Type, Fiber Quantity
3.8. Fiber Type
3.9. Fiber Quantity
3.10. Sensitivity Analyses and Publication Bias
4. Discussion
4.1. Effects of Fiber-Fortified Food on Serum Glucose Outcomes
4.2. Effects of Fiber-Fortified Food on Lipid Metabolism
4.3. Effects of Fiber-Fortified Food on Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcome
4.4. Strengths, Limitations, and Insights
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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NO | First Author, Year | Population Size and Description | Intervention Duration (Weeks) | Study Design | Control Food and Description | Fiber and Description |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Ahmad, et al., 2013 [14] | 36 subjects with GDM(18 I; 13 C) | 2 | Parallel Single-blind | low GL diet | 15 g insoluble fiber (wheat bran) |
2 | Pan, et al., 2015 [15] | 96 subjects with GDM (48 I; 48 C) | 4 | Parallel Single-blind | Diet therapy | 10.5 g insoluble fiber (wheat fiber) |
3 | Deng, et al., 2019 [16] | 100 subjects with GDM (51 I; 49 C) | 12 | Parallel Single-blind | Basic dietary nutrition support treatment | 20 g soluble dietary fiber (Fiber polysaccharide) |
4 | Wu, et al., 2020 [17] | 84 subjects with GDM (42 I; 42 C) | 8 | Parallel Single-blind | Personalized diet control | 15 g soluble dietary fiber (Inulin, stachyose, microcrystalline cellulose, oat fiber) |
5 | Miao, et al., 2021 [18] | 100 subjects with GDM (50 I; 50 C) | 4 | Parallel Single-blind | Dietary guidelines | 10 g soluble dietary fiber (Inulin) |
6 | Zahra, et al., 2021 [19] | 104 subjects with GDM (53 I; 51 C) | 4 | Parallel Single-blind | Dietary guidelines | 30 g insoluble fiber (oat bran) |
7 | Wang, et al., 2021 [20] | 120 subjects with GDM (60 I; 60 C) | 8 | Parallel Single-blind | Dietary guidelines | 19 g complex dietary fiber (Ricnoat) |
8 | Zhang, et al., 2021 [21] | 112 subjects with GDM (56 I; 56 C) | 8 | Parallel Single-blind | Dietary guidelines | 9.5 g complex dietary fiber (Ricnoat) |
Outcome | Hedges’ g [95% CI] | I2 Value (%) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
fasting glucose | −0.3 [−0.49, −0.1] | 83 | 0.003 |
Two-hour plasma glucose | −0.69 [−0.88, −0.51] | 49 | <0.001 |
HbA1c | −0.5 [−0.68, −0.31] | 0 | <0.001 |
Number of qualified blood glucose | 5.27 [2.56, 10.83] | 0 | <0.001 |
TC | −0.44 [−0.69, −0.19] | 56 | <0.001 |
TG | −0.3 [−0.4, −0.2] | 0 | <0.001 |
HDL | −0.03 [−0.06, 0.11] | 0 | 0.58 |
LDL | −0.48 [−0.63, −0.33] | 0 | <0.001 |
preterm delivery | 0.4 [0.19, 0.84] | 0 | 0.01 |
cesarean delivery | 0.6 [0.37, 0.97] | 0 | 0.04 |
fetal distress | 0.51 [0.22, 1.19] | 0 | 0.12 |
neonatal weight | −0.17 [−0.27, −0.07] | 0 | <0.001 |
Outcome | Fiber Type | Fiber Quantity | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insoluble | Soluble | Complex | <12 g | ≥12 g | ||||||
Hedges’g (95% CI) | I2(%) | Hedges’g (95% CI) | I2(%) | Hedges’g (95% CI) | I2(%) | Hedges’g (95% CI) | I2(%) | Hedges’g (95% CI) | I2(%) | |
fasting glucose | −0.44 [−0.52, −0.35] | 33.8 | −0.38 [−0.88, 0.13] | 36.5 | −0.09 [−0.25, 0.08] | 29.7 | −0.15 [−0.29, −0.02] | 0 | −0.40 [−0.69, −0.11] | 87 |
2-h glucose | −0.77 [−0.94, −0.61] | 44.4 | −1.00 [−1.42, −0.59] | 15.5 | −0.44 [−0.62, −0.26] | 40.1 | −0.56 [−0.87, −0.24] | 54 | −0.84 [−1.22, −0.46] | 51 |
TC | — | — | — | — | — | — | −0.28 [−0.49, −0.07] | 0 | −0.62 [−0.87, −0.36] | 20 |
TG | — | — | — | — | — | — | −0.30 [−0.42, −0.17] | 21 | −0.34 [−0.58, −0.09] | 0 |
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Sun, J.; Wang, J.; Ma, W.; Miao, M.; Sun, G. Effects of Additional Dietary Fiber Supplements on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. Nutrients 2022, 14, 4626. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214626
Sun J, Wang J, Ma W, Miao M, Sun G. Effects of Additional Dietary Fiber Supplements on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. Nutrients. 2022; 14(21):4626. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214626
Chicago/Turabian StyleSun, Jihan, Jinjing Wang, Wenqing Ma, Miao Miao, and Guiju Sun. 2022. "Effects of Additional Dietary Fiber Supplements on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies" Nutrients 14, no. 21: 4626. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214626
APA StyleSun, J., Wang, J., Ma, W., Miao, M., & Sun, G. (2022). Effects of Additional Dietary Fiber Supplements on Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. Nutrients, 14(21), 4626. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14214626