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Article

Solvent Dependent Disorder in M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn)

by
Laura J. McCormick
1,2,*,
Samuel A. Morris
2,3,
Simon J. Teat
1,
Alexandra M.Z. Slawin
2 and
Russell E. Morris
2
1
Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
2
School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
3
Facility for Analysis, Characterisation, Testing and Simulation, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2018, 8(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010006
Submission received: 5 December 2017 / Revised: 19 December 2017 / Accepted: 19 December 2017 / Published: 24 December 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Structural Design and Properties of Coordination Polymers)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

:
Coordination polymers derived from 5-benzyloxy isophthalic acid (H2BzOip) are rare, with only three reported that do not contain additional bridging ligands, of which two M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co and Zn) are isomorphous. It was hoped that by varying the solvent system in a reaction between H2BzOip and M(OAc)2 (M = Co and Zn), from water to a water/alcohol mixture, coordination polymers of different topology could be formed. Instead, two polymorphs of the existing M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co and Zn) were isolated from aqueous methanol and aqueous ethanol, in which a small number of guest solvent molecules are present in the crystals. These guest water molecules disrupt the hexaphenyl embrace motif, leading to varying degrees of disorder of the benzyl groups.

1. Introduction

Coordination polymers containing 5-substituted isophthalates have been, until recently, comparatively rare when compared to those containing the closely related terephthalate [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15] and trimesate [16,17,18]. This family of ligands are of interest as they contain two carboxylate coordinating groups in a fixed geometry, while the 5-substituent is remote from these binding groups so that it can act as a structure-directing group without imposing a steric influence on the binding mode of the ligand. We recently reported a series of coordination polymers [19] derived from 5-alkoxy isophthalate ligands, in which the topology of the coordination polymers depended on which short chain alkyl group (ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or i-butyl) was present and what solvent was used. Given this solvent dependence of the topology of the coordination frameworks, it was hoped that the same would hold true when an aromatic substituent was used. The 5-benzyloxy isophthalic acid (H2BzOip, I) was selected due to its similarity to the aforementioned 5-alkoxy isophthalic acids. It has been used as a bridging ligand in 11 coordination complexes to date [20,21,22,23,24,25,26], although all but three of these [26,27,28] include additional bridging or terminal polydentate ligands. Two of these, M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co [26] or Zn [27]) have the same topology as the M2(ROip)2(H2O) (M = Mn, Co or Zn, R = Et, nPr, nBu or iBu) materials reported in 2016, and were both prepared by hydrothermal reaction of H2BzOip and the corresponding metal nitrate. By varying the solvent system from water to aqueous methanol, ethanol or isopropanol, it was found that, although the topology of the resulting M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co or Zn) crystals did not vary, the level of disorder of the benzyl groups did. Herein, we report the crystal structures of the isostructural compounds M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·solvate (M = Co or Zn) as prepared from aqueous methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
Crystals 08 00006 i001

2. Results

All compounds were prepared by the solvothermal reaction of H2BzOip and M(OAc)2 (M = Co or Zn) in a 1:2 mixture of water and alcohol (methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol) and formed as purple or colourless needle crystals, respectively. M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·solvate (M = Co or Zn) crystallises in the trigonal space group R3 with approximate unit cell dimensions a ≈ 28 Å and c ≈ 19 Å. Details of the first crystal structure determination for each compound are presented in Table 1, whilst selected bond lengths and angles for all 18 structural determinations are given in Tables S1 to S36 in the Supporting Materials. The structure determinations of Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O) from isopropanol and ethanol are identical to that reported in [27], whilst the structure determination of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) from isopropanol is identical to that reported in [26].
Two crystallographically distinct metal centres and two crystallographically distinct 5-benzyloxy isophthalate ligands are present in the asymmetric unit. One metal centre, M1, adopts a tetrahedral coordination environment in which one oxygen atom from each of the four unique carboxylate groups binds to the metal centre. Each of these carboxylate groups bind in an (η1:η2:μ2) fashion, three of which connect M1 and M2 into a discrete unit that is reminiscent of a copper acetate lantern, whilst the fourth connects M1 to an M2 centre in an adjacent lantern-like unit. M2 adopts a square pyramidal geometry comprised of four carboxylate oxygen atoms (each from a distinct carboxylate group), and one water molecule. Both metal centres are also involved in long interactions (see Figure 1) with carboxylate oxygen atoms that are bound to the opposite metal centre that are deemed too long to be a coordination bond (approximate separations M1···O 2.9 and 2.9 Å, and M2···O 3.1 and 3.3 Å for Co and Zn, respectively).
The isophthalate moiety of the 5-benzyloxy isophthalate ligand connects the metal centres into a honeycomb framework that may be seen in Figure 2. The panels that constitute the walls of the framework comprise pairs of isophthalate moieties, which are arranged parallel to each other with a plane-to-plane separation of approximately 3.6–3.7 Å. Panels are connected to each other by infinite columns of metal centres and carboxylate groups that extend parallel to the c-axis, leaving large hexagonal channels parallel to the c-axis. The coordinated water molecules form hydrogen bonds to the coordinated carboxylate oxygen atoms and the phenolate oxygen atoms. The benzyloxy groups of the 5-benzyloxy isophthalate ligands project into and completely block these channels, where they form aggregates of six aromatic rings.
As there are two crystallographically distinct ligands, two distinct hexaphenyl aggregates are formed (Figure 3). The first is well ordered in all six compounds and the six aromatic rings are involved in a hexaphenyl embrace [29]. Within this aggregate (shown using black carbons atoms and gold bonds in Figure 3), the methylene bridges connecting the benzyl group to the oxo isophthalate core are arranged around the equator of the aggregate. The arrangement of benzyl groups in the second aggregate varies from compound to compound. In both the Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) crystals from iPrOH, and the Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O) crystal from EtOH and iPrOH, these benzyl groups are well ordered and participate in a hexaphenyl embrace similar to that seen in the first aggregate, except that the methylene groups are located at the ‘poles’ of the aggregate. This aggregate is shown in Figure 3a using hatched black carbon atoms. In both the Zn and Co crystals from MeOH and the Co crystal from EtOH, this benzyl group is disordered over multiple orientations to accommodate the presence of partial occupancy solvent molecules. These solvent molecules participate in hydrogen bonding interactions with the carboxylate oxygen atoms and, in some instances, the coordinated water molecules.
In the Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O crystals from aqueous ethanol, the second aggregate of benzyl groups contains one major (shown in blue in Figure 3b) and three minor orientations. The three minor orientations are related by three-fold rotation in the ab-plane, and contain two benzyl groups from the major (blue) orientation, and two of each of the minor orientations of the benzyl group (shown in purple and yellow in Figure 3b). Whilst the major orientation of this aggregate results in a hexaphenyl embrace between the benzyl groups, the minor orientations contain a tetraphenyl embrace [30] between the benzyl groups coloured blue and purple in Figure 3b. Partial occupancy water molecules located near to this aggregate and the major orientation of the benzyl groups are positioned such that they are mutually exclusive, and the presence of the water molecules disrupts the hexaphenyl embrace of the major orientation. The ratio of the major to minor orientations of this aggregate are approximately 80:20. A close-up view of the minor orientation is shown in Figure 4a.
In the M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O·0.29MeOH (M = Co or Zn) crystals, the second aggregate has three ‘major’ orientations and one minor orientation, and the two have no benzyl groups in common. The minor orientation is comprised of six symmetry-related benzyl groups arranged into a hexaphenyl embrace (shown in blue in Figure 3c) in a very similar fashion to the major orientation of the second aggregate in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O. Conversely, the major orientations of this second orientation are similar to the minor orientation in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O, as the three major orientations are related by three-fold symmetry and are comprised of two of each of three further distinct benzyl group sites (shown in purple, green, and yellow in Figure 3c and Figure 4b). The benzyl groups coloured yellow and green in Figure 3c participate in a tetraphenyl embrace. As with Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O, there are solvent molecules present in the area surrounding the second benzyl aggregate that interferes with the hexaphenyl embrace motif. In these instances, there is a disordered water/methanol molecule that is mutually exclusive of the minor orientation of the aggregate and the green site of the major orientations (Figure 4b). In addition to this, the carbon atom of the methanol molecule lies too close to the purple benzyl ring site, resulting in two water molecules and two methanol molecules surrounding each of the major orientation aggregates. The ratio of the major to minor orientations is approximately 88:12 in the Co derivative, but 68:32 in the Zn derivative.

3. Discussion

In order to confirm that the disorder was not an aberration that occurred only in one crystal, single-crystal diffraction data was collected on three different crystals from the first batch of each of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O·0.29MeOH, Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O, and Co2(BzOip)2(H2O), and two different crystals from a second batch of each. In all cases, the level of disorder was reasonably consistent between different crystals and different batches produced using the same synthetic conditions. In Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O·0.29MeOH, the occupancy of the minor orientation of the disordered benzyl group (i.e., the one that forms hexaphenyl embraces, shown in blue in Figure 3c) varies from 9.6% to 12.6% in batch 1 and 12.1% to 15.9% in batch 2 (this occupancy was 32.3% in Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.23H2O·0.22MeOH). In Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O, the occupancy of the major orientation of the disordered benzyl group (i.e., the one that forms hexaphenyl embraces, shown in blue in Figure 3b) varies from 78.4% to 81.0% in batch 1 and 77.9% to 79.9% in batch 2. Repeat structure determinations were not performed on Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.23H2O·0.33MeOH. Comparison of the calculated and experimental powder diffraction patterns for each of the 6 compounds is presented in Supporting Materials Figures S1–S6.
The progressive exclusion of solvent from the crystals is reflected in the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) traces of the Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·solvate series (see Supporting Materials Figures S7–S12), with the mass loss step dropping from 5.07% for the crystals obtained from MeOH, to 3.83% from EtOH, to 2.79% from iPrOH, the latter corresponding to the approximate loss of the coordinated water molecule (2.66%). The mass losses from the corresponding Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O)·solvate series all lie between 3.47 to 4.01% (MeOH and iPrOH, respectively). This suggests that the guest methanol is readily lost from the Zn crystals under ambient conditions.
In all crystals where disorder of the benzyl groups are observed, there are solvent (water and/or methanol) molecules present in the region of the hexaphenyl embraces making it sterically difficult for the type 2 benzyl groups to adopt the hexaphenyl embrace motif. This is noteworthy, as this does not occur when water alone is used as the preparative solvent, despite water being present in far greater amounts. We attribute this to the relative polarities of the solvent mixtures—the most and least polar solvent mixtures (water and aqueous isopropanol, respectively) see complete separation of the hydrophobic benzyl groups from the hydrophilic carboxylate groups and coordinated water molecules within the crystals in a manner that is similar to micelle formation. In the intermediate polarity solvent mixtures, aqueous methanol and ethanol, the micelle-type separation of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic sections of the ligand is incomplete as the solvent molecules participate in hydrogen bonding interactions to the phenolic oxygen atom, disrupting the formation of half of the hexaphenyl embrace motifs.
A similar pattern regarding the micelle-type separation of the hydrophilic carboxylate groups and hydrophobic alkyl chains was observed in coordination polymers derived from 5-alkoxy isophthalates. The presence of short alkyl chains in both the solvent system (e.g., MeOH) and the 5-alkoxy substituent (e.g., EtOip2−) afforded frameworks in which both alkyl chains and coordinated solvent molecules project into the channels. Frameworks isostructural to M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co or Zn) were obtained when large hydrophobic alkyl chains were present in the ligand (e.g., nBuOip2−), the solvent system (e.g., neat or aqueous iPrOH), or both. Like the branched isobutyl chains, the benzyl group used in this study is too bulky to form the M6(ROip)5(OH)2(H2O)4·xH2O framework in which the alkyl chains and coordinated solvent both project into the same channels. It is worth noting that a related framework of composition Zn(BzNHip) (BzNHip2− = 5-benzylamino isophthalate), which also contains hexagonal channels in which the benzyl substituents participate in hexaphenyl embrace interactions, was prepared from water and does not display any disorder of the benzyl substituents [31,32].

4. Materials and Methods

All reagents were obtained from commercial sources and were used without further purification.

4.1. Dimethyl 5-Hydroxy Isophthalate

Prepared using the literature method [33]. 5-Hydroxy isophthalic acid (9.11 g, 0.050 mol) was heated to reflux in a solution of conc. sulfuric acid (2.8 mL) in methanol (150 mL) for 16 h. The solution was cooled to room temperature, neutralised with saturated NaHCO3, and the solvent removed under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated in water (150 mL), and the inhomogeneous mixture extracted with dichloromethane (4 × 500 mL). The organic layers were collected, dried over magnesium sulfate, and the dichloromethane removed under reduced pressure. Yield: 9.21 g, 0.044 mol, 88%.

4.2. Dimethyl 5-Benzyloxy Isophthalate

Prepared using the literature method [34]. Dimethyl 5-hydroxy isophthalate (6.1 g, 0.029 mol) and freshly pulverised dry potassium carbonate (4.65 g, 0.034 mol) were suspended in a solution of acetone (50 mL) and acetonitrile (60 mL). The solution was allowed to reflux for approximately 1 h, and then benzyl chloride (3.65 g, 0.029 mol) was added dropwise. The mixture was allowed to reflux for a further 16 hours before cooling to room temperature and removing the solvent under reduced pressure. The residue was then completely taken up into a mixture of water (150 mL) and ethyl acetate (400 mL). The organic layer was isolated and washed with water (4 × 50 mL) until the aqueous layer reached pH 7. The organic layer was then washed with brine (50 mL), dried over sodium sulfate and the solvent removed under reduced pressure to afford a pale yellow oil that set into colourless crystals (9.75 g) upon cooling. The crystals were recrystallised from toluene/ethanol to give a pure product. Yield: 6.03 g, 0.020 mol, 70%.

4.3. 5-Benzyloxy Isophthalic Acid

Prepared using the literature method [34]. Dimethyl 5-benzyloxy isophthalate (3.95 g, 0.013 mol) was dissolved in a solution of potassium hydroxide (30.06 g, 0.54 mol) in methanol (300 mL) and the solution refluxed for approximately 2.5 h. The cooled solution was neutralised with 2M HCl. The white precipitate was collected by vacuum filtration, washed with water until the filtrate reached pH 7, and dried in a vacuum desiccator for 2 days. Yield: 3.13 g, 0.011 mol, 87%.

4.4. M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn)

Into a 23 mL Teflon-lined steel autoclave were placed 5-benzyloxy isophthalic acid (0.272 g, 1.00 mmol), and either Co(OAc)2·4H2O (251 mg, 1.01 mmol) or Zn(OAc)2·2H2O (0.220 g, 1.00 mmol), and the solids were suspended in a mixture of water (5 mL) and methanol (10 mL). The sealed autoclaves were placed into a 110 °C oven for 3 days. After this time, the autoclaves were cooled to room temperature and the resulting purple (Co) or colourless (Zn) needle crystals were collected by vacuum filtration and washed with methanol. Yields:
Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29MeOH·0.29H2O from methanol: 280 mg, 0.41 mmol, 80%. Elemental analysis Calcd for C30.29H23.74O11.58Co2 C: 52.66 H: 3.46, Found C: 52.53 H: 3.31%.
Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.22MeOH·0.23H2O from methanol: 269 mg, 0.38 mmol, 77%. Elemental analysis Calcd for C30.22H23.34O11.45Zn2 C: 51.82 H: 3.36, Found C: 51.60 H: 2.86%.
Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O from ethanol: Yields Co: 203 mg, 0.30 mmol, 59%. Elemental analysis Calcd for C30H22.38O11.19Co2 C: 53.01 H: 3.32, Found C: 52.80 H: 3.20%.
Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O) from ethanol: 266 mg, 0.39 mmol, 77%. Elemental analysis Calcd for C30H22O11Zn2 C: 52.28 H: 3.22, Found C: 52.15 H: 3.00%.
Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) from isopropanol: 246 mg, 0.36 mmol, 72%. Elemental analysis Calc for C30H22O11Co2 C: 53.27 H: 3.28, Found C: 53.01 3.35%.
Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O) from isopropanol: 320 mg, 0.46 mmol, 93%. Elemental analysis Calcd for C30H22O11Zn2 C: 52.28 H: 3.22, Found C: 52.28 H: 3.04%.

4.5. Crystallographic Analyses

All crystals were coated in a protective oil before being transferred to either a Bruker D8 diffractometer (Bruker, Madison, WI, USA) on station 11.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source (Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29MeOH·0.29H2O from methanol, Zn2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.22MeOH·0.23H2O from methanol, and Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O from ethanol, λ = 0.77490 Å) or a Rigaku Mercury2 SCXMiniflex (Rigaku, Tokyo, Japan) diffractometer (λ = 0.71075 Å) at the University of St. Andrews. Appropriate scattering factors were applied using XDISP [35] within the WinGX suite [36]. Multi-scan absorption corrections were applied to the synchrotron and in-house crystallographic data using SADABS [37] and REQAB [38] programs, respectively. Data were solved using SHELXT [39] or SHELXS-97 [40] and refined on F2 using SHELXL-97 [41] using the ShelXle User interface [42]. All non-hydrogen framework atoms were refined with anisotropic thermal displacement parameters, with equivalent disordered atoms constrained to have equal Uij values. All C-bound hydrogen atoms were included at their geometrically estimated position, while O-bound hydrogen atoms were located in the difference map and fixed at a distance of 0.90 Å from the oxygen atom to which they are bound. Pairs of hydrogen atoms belonging to a single water molecule were also fixed at a distance of 1.47(2) Å from each other. Disorder of the benzyl groups was modelled initially from the difference map, with each orientation having a common occupancy such that the sum of all occupancies were constrained to sum to 1.00. Once all orientations were modelled, a visual inspection was conducted to determine which orientations were mutually exclusive within the hexaphenyl unit, and all occupancies were then defined relative to a single free variable. Atoms belonging to partial occupancy solvent molecules were initially modeled with an isotropic thermal displacement parameter fixed at 0.08 and their occupancy allowed to refine. Visual inspection was then conducted to see which orientations of the benzyl group were too close for this solvent molecule to be present, and the O (and C) atoms given an occupancy related to the existing single free variable.

5. Conclusions

The level of disorder of the pendant benzyl groups in the frameworks M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·solvate (M = Co or Zn) was found to vary according to the polarity of the preparative solvent system used to produce the crystals, without changing the overall topology of the coordination framework. This demonstrates the more subtle ways that synthetic solvent choice can influence coordination polymer synthesis, even when the overall topology of the framework is not affected.

Supplementary Materials

The supplementary materials are available online at www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/8/1/6/s1. CCDC 1525893-1525897, 1526369-1526371, and 1526372-1526381 contain the supplementary crystallographic data for this paper. These data can be obtained free of charge from The Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre via www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/data_request/cif.

Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the British Heart Foundation (NH/11/8/29253) and the EPSRC (EP/K005499/1 and EP/K039210/1). This research used resources of the Advanced Light Source, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231.

Author Contributions

Laura J. McCormick conducted the synthetic work, crystallographic (in house) data collections and refinement, and prepared the manuscript. Samuel A. Morris performed the data collections at the ALS. Alexandra M. Z. Slawin, and Simon J. Teat secured funding for, and maintained the diffractometers at the University of St. Andrews and the Advanced Light Source, respectively. Russell E. Morris secured funding for the synthetic and operational aspects of this work and defined the initial project direction.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Crystals 08 00006 g001 550
Figure 1. The coordination environment of the metal centres in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O). Long interactions between Co centres and carboxylate oxygen atoms are shown as thin black lines.
Figure 1. The coordination environment of the metal centres in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O). Long interactions between Co centres and carboxylate oxygen atoms are shown as thin black lines.
Crystals 08 00006 g001
Crystals 08 00006 g002 550
Figure 2. (a) A view along the c-axis of the honeycomb frameworks of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) in which the benzyloxy groups have been removed for clarity; (b) one segment of the framework wall panels in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O), with the benzyl groups removed for clarity; and (c) a view of the full framework of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O).
Figure 2. (a) A view along the c-axis of the honeycomb frameworks of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) in which the benzyloxy groups have been removed for clarity; (b) one segment of the framework wall panels in Co2(BzOip)2(H2O), with the benzyl groups removed for clarity; and (c) a view of the full framework of Co2(BzOip)2(H2O).
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Crystals 08 00006 g003 550
Figure 3. Views of the interactions between benzyl groups that occur in (a) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) prepared in aqueous isopropanol; (b) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O prepared in aqueous ethanol; (c) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O·0.29MeOH prepared in aqueous methanol. In all cases, the benzyl groups shown in black are well ordered and participate in a hexaphenyl embrace. In (b) and (c), the benzyl groups shown in blue also participate in a hexaphenyl embrace. The hexaphenyl aggregate shown using hatched atoms in (a) is fully ordered in the crystals obtained from isopropanol, but disordered in the crystals obtained from methanol or ethanol.
Figure 3. Views of the interactions between benzyl groups that occur in (a) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O) prepared in aqueous isopropanol; (b) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O prepared in aqueous ethanol; (c) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O·0.29MeOH prepared in aqueous methanol. In all cases, the benzyl groups shown in black are well ordered and participate in a hexaphenyl embrace. In (b) and (c), the benzyl groups shown in blue also participate in a hexaphenyl embrace. The hexaphenyl aggregate shown using hatched atoms in (a) is fully ordered in the crystals obtained from isopropanol, but disordered in the crystals obtained from methanol or ethanol.
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Crystals 08 00006 g004 550
Figure 4. Views of the interactions between benzyl groups that occur in the disordered hexaphenyl aggregates in (a) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O prepared in aqueous ethanol; and (b) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O 0.29MeOH prepared in aqueous methanol. Benzyl groups depicted using the same colours are related by symmetry. Hydrogen atoms have been omitted for clarity.
Figure 4. Views of the interactions between benzyl groups that occur in the disordered hexaphenyl aggregates in (a) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.19H2O prepared in aqueous ethanol; and (b) Co2(BzOip)2(H2O)·0.29H2O 0.29MeOH prepared in aqueous methanol. Benzyl groups depicted using the same colours are related by symmetry. Hydrogen atoms have been omitted for clarity.
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Table
Table 1. Crystallographic data for the first run of the various M2(BzOip)2(H2O) crystals.
Table 1. Crystallographic data for the first run of the various M2(BzOip)2(H2O) crystals.
Zn from MeOHZn from EtOHZn from iPrOHCo from MeOHCo from EtOHCo from iPrOH
Molecular FormulaC30.22H23.35O11.45Zn2C30H22O11Zn2C30H22O11Zn2C30.29H23.50Co2O11.58C30H22.39Co2O11.19C30H22Co2O11
Temperature100(2)173(2)173(2)100(2)100(2)173(2)
λ (Å)0.77490.710750.710750.77490.77490.71075
Crystal SystemTrigonalTrigonalTrigonalTrigonalTrigonalTrigonal
Space GroupR3R3R3R3R3R3
a (Å)27.827(4)27.759(3)27.6973(18)28.013(3)27.877(3)27.797(4)
c (Å)18.255(2)18.401(3)18.2593(18)18.1437(19)18.192(2)18.224(4)
V (Å3)12242(4)12279(3)12131(2)12330(3)12244(3)12195(4)
Z181818181818
ρ (g cm−1)1.7101.6781.6981.6741.6601.658
μ (mm−1)2.3091.8221.8441.6091.6171.282
F(000)641363006300633462276192
GooF1.0371.0590.8391.0701.0561.044
Reflections collected/unique/parameters29,545/8105/46742,033/6177/39441,948/6193/39429,077/8331/47129,770/8248/44141,642/6174/396
Rint0.07120.09290.08620.05950.05650.1225
Final R indices (I > 2σ(I))R1 = 0.0506
wR2 = 0.1476		R1 = 0.0385
wR2 = 0.0708		R1 = 0.0349
wR2 = 0.0575		R1 = 0.0462
wR2 = 0.1373		R1 = 0.0405
wR2 = 0.1109		R1 = 0.0496
wR2 = 0.0960
Final R indices (all data)R1 = 0.0593
wR2 = 0.1550		R1 = 0.0732
wR2 = 0.0827		R1 = 0.0616
wR2 = 0.0629		R1 = 0.0506
wR2 = 0.1416		R1 = 0.0471
wR2 = 0.1156		R1 = 0.1030
wR2 = 0.1167

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MDPI and ACS Style

McCormick, L.J.; Morris, S.A.; Teat, S.J.; Slawin, A.M.Z.; Morris, R.E. Solvent Dependent Disorder in M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn). Crystals 2018, 8, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010006

AMA Style

McCormick LJ, Morris SA, Teat SJ, Slawin AMZ, Morris RE. Solvent Dependent Disorder in M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn). Crystals. 2018; 8(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010006

Chicago/Turabian Style

McCormick, Laura J., Samuel A. Morris, Simon J. Teat, Alexandra M.Z. Slawin, and Russell E. Morris. 2018. "Solvent Dependent Disorder in M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn)" Crystals 8, no. 1: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010006

APA Style

McCormick, L. J., Morris, S. A., Teat, S. J., Slawin, A. M. Z., & Morris, R. E. (2018). Solvent Dependent Disorder in M2(BzOip)2(H2O)·Solvate (M = Co or Zn). Crystals, 8(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst8010006

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