Correction: Sammer, M., et al. Strong Gradients in Weak Magnetic Fields Induce DOLLOP Formation in Tap Water. Water 2016, 8, 79

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1]:

• In all instances mentioning “2 kG·m⁻¹”, these gradients should be replaced by “770 G·m⁻¹ (WCM 62081992) and 740 G·m⁻¹ (WCM 62083545)”:
  • Abstract, page 1, line 4;
  • Chapter 1.2, page 2, line 14;
  • Chapter 3.2, page 10, second line under Figure 10;
  • Chapter 3.2, page 11, third paragraph, line 8;
  • Chapter 4, page 17, line 5. Here, the symbol “≥” should also be replaced by “≤”.
• In all instances mentioning “0.2 T·m⁻¹”, these gradients should be replaced by “0.077 T·m⁻¹ (WCM 62081992) and 0.074 T·m⁻¹ (WCM 62083545)”:
  • Chapter 3.2, page 10, second line under Figure 10;
  • Chapter 3.2, page 10, sixth line under Figure 10;
  • Chapter 3.2, page 11, third paragraph, line 9.
• “C = 21”, should be replaced by “C = 8.1 (WCM 62081992) and C = 7.8 (WCM 62083545)” in chapter 3.2, page 11, third paragraph, line 9.
• “L values of 3 mm.” should be replaced by “L values of 8 mm.” on page 11, second paragraph, line 12.
• Figure 9 should be replaced by the following figure:
• Figure 10 should be replaced by the following figure:

Reasons:

All changes: in the publication [1], this correction refers to the magnetic fields of the water core magnets (WCMs). In order to read out the data from the magnetometer, a program written and tested in Delphi2005 was used. The program was then migrated to Delphi XE6, which is, in contrast to Delph2005, based on 16 bit Unicode, not on 8 bit ASCII. Whereas all data types were changed accordingly, the fact that the output of certain functions also changed from 8 bit to 16 bit was not taken into account properly. This mistake resulted in some bytes to be translated incorrectly, which in turn resulted in artefacts visible as fine lines in the fields of the water core magnets, but, coincidentally, not in the fields of the bar magnet. These artefacts were interpreted as magnetic gradients of 2 kG·m⁻¹. The error and all subsequent errors (magnetic gradients, Coey criterion and minimum L value) have now been corrected. The correct maximum gradients are 740, 210 and 620 G m⁻¹ (WCM 62083545) and 770, 170 and 560 G m⁻¹ (WCM 62081992) for x, y and z, respectively, which correspond to Coey criteria between C = 1.8 (for 170 G·m⁻¹) and C = 8.1 (for 770 G·m⁻¹), which in turn means that inequality (1) is fulfilled for both WCMs in all directions, and all conclusions remain valid.

The change of the symbol “≥” to “≤” in the conclusions (correction 1e) is the correction of a typo and unrelated to the above mentioned issue.

The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused to the readers by the change. The change does not affect the scientific results. The manuscript will be updated and the original will remain online on the article webpage, with a reference to this correction.