Examining the Evidence Regarding Smoking and Patient Outcomes for Isolated Meniscus Pathology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Information Sources and Search Strategy
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Article Screening Process
2.4. Data Extraction
2.5. Article Quality Grading
2.6. Additional Literature Search on Randomized Controlled Trials
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Initial Search Results
3.2. Article Quality Results
3.3. Patient Demographics
3.4. The Impact of Smoking on Outcomes for Meniscus Repair
3.5. The Impact of Smoking on Outcomes after Meniscectomy
3.6. The Impact of Smoking after Meniscus Allograft Transplant
3.7. The Impact of Smoking Postoperatively in Patients with and without Surgical Intervention
3.8. Examination of the High-Level Evidence on Meniscus Pathology and Smoking
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Journal Name | Search Terms |
---|---|
The American Journal of Sports Medicine | “Am J Sports Med” [Journal] |
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery | “J Bone Joint Surg Am” [Journal] |
Journal of Orthopedic & Sports Physical Therapy | “J Orthop Sports Phys Ther” [Journal] |
Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, and Arthroscopy | “Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy: Official Journal of the ESSKA” [Journal] |
Bone and Joint Journal | “Bone Joint J” [Journal] |
Osteoarthritis and Cartilage | “Osteoarthritis Cartilage” [Journal] |
Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research | “Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research” [Journal] |
Acta Orthopedica | “Acta Orthopaedica” [Journal] |
The Journal of Arthroplasty | “The Journal of Arthroplasty” [Journal] |
The Journal of Physical Therapy | “J Physiother” [Journal] |
First Author (Year) | Study Type | Total Score | Cl-Ear Aim | Consecutive Patients Included | Prospective Data Collection | Appropriate Endpoints | Unbiased Study Endpoint Assessment | Appropriate Follow-Up | Less Than 5% Lost to Follow-Up | Prospective Study Size Calculation | Adequate Control | Contemporary Group | Baseline Equivalence | Adequate Statistical Analysis |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gupta et al. (2023) [32] | Non-comparative | 8 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Clinic et al. (2020) [42] | Comparative | 14 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Blackwell et al. (2016) [14] | Comparative | 18 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
Zabrzyński et al. (2022) [41] | Comparative | 18 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Buyukkuscu et al. (2019) [34] | Non-comparative | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Laurendon et al. (2017) [39] | Non-comparative | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Santana et al. (2022) [40] | Comparative | 14 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Haklar et al. (2013) [36] | Comparative | 14 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Waterman et al. (2016) [16] | Non-comparative | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Pelletier et al. (2023) [13] | Comparative | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Kontio et al. (2017) [38] | Non-comparative | 10 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Saltzman et al. (2020) [33] | Comparative | 14 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Jones et al. (2020) [35] | Non-comparative | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Domzalski et al. (2021) [15] | Comparative | 16 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Jiménez-Garrido et al. (2021) [37] | Comparative | 12 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Kraus et al. (2021) [45] | Comparative | 16 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
Bessette et al. (2019) [44] | Non-comparative | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | - | - | - | - |
Uzun et al. (2019) [43] | Comparative | 18 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
First Author (Year) | Number of Patients (n) | Sex (Number Male/Female) | Average Age (Years) | Average Follow-Up (Months) | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gupta (2023) [32] | 205 | Male (n = 157) Female (n = 48) | 24.42 | 12.52 | Smoking has no effect on failure of meniscal repairs. |
Saltzman (2020) [33] | 75 | Male (n = 47) Female (n = 28) | 26.53 | 23.41 | Smoking not significantly associated with failure. |
Buyukkuscu (2019) [34] | 33 | Male (n = 23) Female (n = 10) | 46.1 | 31.1 | Smoking was not significantly associated with clinical and functional improvement after meniscal repair. |
Santana (2022) [40] | 432 | Male (n = 174) Female (n = 258) | 62.2 | 72 | There was no significant difference in smoking status between patients who had no tear and patients who had a tear with or without surgical intervention. |
Pelletier (2023) [13] | 367 | Male (n = 268) Female (n = 99) | 28 | 98 | Smoking was significantly associated with bucket-handle tears. |
Jimenez-Garrido (2021) [37] | 35 | Male (n = 32) Female (n = 3) | 36.6 | 75.7 | No observable difference of smoking on meniscal allograft transplantation. |
Jones (2020) [35] | 486 | Male (n = 265) Female (n = 221) | 55 | 12 | Current smoking predicted less improvement for all outcomes except KOOS-PS after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. |
Laurendon (2017) [39] | 87 | Male (n = 61) Female (n = 26) | 28.3 | 31 | Smoking was not significantly associated with failure. |
Haklar (2013) [36] | 112 | Male (n = 94) Female (n = 18) | 34.57 | 48.39 | Smoking had no effect on healing in isolated meniscal tears. |
Kontio (2017) [38] | 4713 | Male (n = 2320) Female (n = 2393) | 57.35 | 276 | Smoking not significantly associated with tears in current and former smokers. |
Zabrzynski (2022) [41] | 50 | Male (n = 32) Female (n = 18) | 41.68 | 6 | Smoking was not significantly associated with functional repair outcomes. |
Blackwell (2016) [14] | 52 | Male (n = 32) Female (n = 20) | 27.9 | 13 | Meniscus repair failure was 3.8 times higher for smokers vs. nonsmokers. |
Domzalski (2021) [15] | 92 | Male (n = 36) Female (n = 56) | 31.5 | 37.4 | Function was significantly better in nonsmokers compared to smokers. |
Waterman (2016) [16] | 227 | Male (n = 203) Female (n = 24) | 27.2 | 25.68 | Tobacco use was significantly associated with increased risk of failure. |
Clinic (2020) [42] | 145 | Male (n = 102) Female (n = 43) | 18 | 12 | Smoking had no effect on healing in isolated meniscal tears. |
Kraus (2021) [45] | 509 | Male (n = 206) Female (n = 301) | 47.58 | 24 | Smokers will improve a relatively similar amount as nonsmokers after partial meniscectomy, but their overall PROM scores are lower. |
Bessette (2019) [44] | 638 | Male (n = 332) Female (n = 306) | 55.1 | - | Smoking positively associated with Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. |
Uzun (2019) [43] | 43 | Male (n = 37) Female (n = 6) | 29.5 | 63.2 | Smoking was identified as a risk factor for repair failure. |
First Author (Year) | Group (Smoker/Nonsmoker) | Total Pts (in Each Group) | # of Postop Failures (n, %) |
---|---|---|---|
Gupta (2023) [32] | Smoker | 24 | 4, (16.7%) |
Nonsmoker | 181 | 35, (19.3%) | |
Saltzman (2020) [33] | Smoker | 4 | 0, (0%) |
Nonsmoker | 74 | 15, (20.3%) | |
Haklar (2013) [36] | Smoker | 9 | 2, (22.2%) |
Nonsmoker | 14 | 3, (21.4%) | |
Blackwell (2016) [14] | Smoker | 52 | 15, (28.84%) |
Nonsmoker | 52 | 4, (7.69%) | |
Domzalski (2021) [15] | Smoker | 47 | 5, (10.63%) |
Nonsmoker | 45 | 3, (6.67%) | |
Uzun (2019) [43] | Smoker | 5 | 3, (60%) |
Nonsmoker | 21 | 2, (9.52%) |
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Anaspure, O.; Patel, S.; Baumann, A.N.; Anastasio, A.T.; Walley, K.C.; Kelly, J.D.; Lau, B.C. Examining the Evidence Regarding Smoking and Patient Outcomes for Isolated Meniscus Pathology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life 2024, 14, 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14050584
Anaspure O, Patel S, Baumann AN, Anastasio AT, Walley KC, Kelly JD, Lau BC. Examining the Evidence Regarding Smoking and Patient Outcomes for Isolated Meniscus Pathology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life. 2024; 14(5):584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14050584
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnaspure, Omkar, Shiv Patel, Anthony N. Baumann, Albert T. Anastasio, Kempland C. Walley, John D. Kelly, and Brian C. Lau. 2024. "Examining the Evidence Regarding Smoking and Patient Outcomes for Isolated Meniscus Pathology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Life 14, no. 5: 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14050584
APA StyleAnaspure, O., Patel, S., Baumann, A. N., Anastasio, A. T., Walley, K. C., Kelly, J. D., & Lau, B. C. (2024). Examining the Evidence Regarding Smoking and Patient Outcomes for Isolated Meniscus Pathology: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life, 14(5), 584. https://doi.org/10.3390/life14050584