A Review on the Interface Structure and Control Between Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Ti Matrix of GNPs/Ti Matrix Composites

Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)-reinforced titanium matrix composites (GNPs/Ti) have been found in extensive applications in aerospace and deep-sea industries, owing to their exceptional properties, including low density, high specific strength, and superior plasticity. GNPs are often incorporated into titanium matrix composites because of their excellent properties. GNPs/Ti matrix composites have strong deformation resistance at room temperature and need to be manufactured at high temperatures. However, high temperatures could result in an interfacial reaction between Ti and GNPs, forming large TiC particles and damaging the GNPs structure, hindering the enhancement effect. Therefore, controlling the interface reaction is crucial for addressing these challenges. This study thoroughly explores existing literature on GNPs/Ti matrix composites, focusing on preparation techniques, interface structure, and interface management. At the same time, the properties of some graphene nanoplatelets or the borides nanowires-reinforced metal matrix composites are also analyzed. It particularly emphasizes challenges in interface control, encompassing the surface modification of GNPs and its effects on microstructure and mechanical properties, control of the interface reaction, and the structure design of a 3D network interface and its effects on mechanical properties. Currently, optimizing the performance of GNPs/Ti matrix composites remains elusive. However, by improving the preparation method, modifying the surface of graphene, controlling the interface reaction and adjusting the interface structure, the interface characteristics can be improved, thereby improving the performance of GNPs/Ti composites.