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Volume 15
Issue 3
10.3390/buildings15030424
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Finite Element Method Analysis of Seismic Response of Confined Masonry Walls with Openings Built Using Polyurethane Glue

by
Nemanja Krtinić
1,*,
Marko Marinković
2 and
Matija Gams
1
1
Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Jamova 2, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
2
Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Buildings 2025, 15(3), 424; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030424
Submission received: 27 December 2024 / Revised: 24 January 2025 / Accepted: 26 January 2025 / Published: 28 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The seismic response of confined masonry (CM) walls, built from innovative hollow clay blocks featuring large thermal insulation cavities and bonded with polyurethane glue instead of thin-layer mortar, was investigated. A 3D micro-model was subsequently developed in Abaqus and validated against results from cyclic shear tests on full-scale CM wall specimens. Once validated, the model was utilized in an extensive parametric study to investigate the effects of openings on the walls. This parametric study considered the size of the opening, its position, the aspect ratio of the walls, and different sizes of tie-columns. The results showed that the size and placement of openings substantially and negatively affected seismic response, and that the detrimental effects can be alleviated by placing strong tie-columns next to the openings.
Keywords: confined masonry; seismic response; micro-modelling; wall aspect ratio; openings; tie-columns confined masonry; seismic response; micro-modelling; wall aspect ratio; openings; tie-columns

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MDPI and ACS Style

Krtinić, N.; Marinković, M.; Gams, M. Finite Element Method Analysis of Seismic Response of Confined Masonry Walls with Openings Built Using Polyurethane Glue. Buildings 2025, 15, 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030424

AMA Style

Krtinić N, Marinković M, Gams M. Finite Element Method Analysis of Seismic Response of Confined Masonry Walls with Openings Built Using Polyurethane Glue. Buildings. 2025; 15(3):424. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030424

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krtinić, Nemanja, Marko Marinković, and Matija Gams. 2025. "Finite Element Method Analysis of Seismic Response of Confined Masonry Walls with Openings Built Using Polyurethane Glue" Buildings 15, no. 3: 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030424

APA Style

Krtinić, N., Marinković, M., & Gams, M. (2025). Finite Element Method Analysis of Seismic Response of Confined Masonry Walls with Openings Built Using Polyurethane Glue. Buildings, 15(3), 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15030424

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