Effects of Menstrual Cycle on the Accumulation of Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cells Exfoliated from the Cervix That Drift into the Vagina
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Specimen Collection
2.2. HPV Genotyping using LBC Samples
2.3. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Case | Cervical HPV Types | Vaginal HPV Types | Evaluation | Cycles | Case | Cervical HPV Types | Vaginal HPV Types | Evaluation | Cycles |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 16,52,58,66 | 16,52,58,66 | C = V | L-Pro | 91 | 66 | 66 | C = V | L-Sec |
2 | 52,6b | 52,6b | C = V | L-Sec | 92 | 52,42,74 | 52,42,74 | C = V | Mens |
3 | 51,58 | 51,58 | C = V | E-Pro | 93 | 52 | 52 | C = V | Mens |
4 | 31,81,82 | 81,82 | C > V | E-Pro | 94 | 31,58,74 | 58,74 | C > V | E-Pro |
5 | 18 | 18 | C = V | E-Sec | 95 | 16 | 16 | C = V | E-Sec |
6 | 67 | Negative | N | L-Sec | 96 | 39,58,53 | 39,58,53 | C = V | E-Sec |
7 | 16 | Negative | N | L-Sec | 97 | 51 | 51 | C = V | L-Sec |
8 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Pro | 98 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro |
9 | 82,90 | 82,90 | C = V | E-Pro | 99 | 59,90 | 59,90 | C = V | E-Sec |
10 | 33,52 | 33,52 | C = V | L-Pro | 100 | 52 | Negative | N | L-Sec |
11 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Pro | 101 | 31,52,69,74 | 31,52,69,74 | C = V | E-Pro |
12 | 52,66 | 52,66 | C = V | L-Sec | 102 | 52,6b | 52,6b | C = V | L-Sec |
13 | 56 | 56 | C = V | E-Sec | 103 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Sec |
14 | 16,45,52,40 | 16,45,40 | C > V | E-Pro | 104 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Pro |
15 | 58 | 58 | C = V | Mens | 105 | 56 | 56 | C = V | E-Sec |
16 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro | 106 | 66 | 66 | C = V | L-Sec |
17 | 56,62 | 62 | C > V | L-Sec | 107 | 31,52,58,70 | 31,58,70 | C > V | L-Pro |
18 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec | 108 | 52 | Negative | N | E-Pro |
19 | 39,58,53 | 39,58,53 | C = V | E-Sec | 109 | 51,58,82 | 51,58 | C > V | Mens |
20 | 16,66 | 16,66 | C = V | L-Sec | 110 | 58 | 58 | C = V | L-Sec |
21 | 33 | 33 | C = V | L-Sec | 111 | 16,51,52,56 | 16,51,52,56 | C = V | L-Sec |
22 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec | 112 | 58 | 58 | C = V | L-Pro |
23 | 52,53,74 | 53,74 | C > V | L-Sec | 113 | 31,71 | 31,71 | C = V | E-Sec |
24 | 52,84 | 52,84 | C = V | E-Sec | 114 | 51,82 | 51,82 | C = V | L-Sec |
25 | 56 | Negative | N | L-Sec | 115 | 51,53,54 | 51,53,54 | C = V | E-Pro |
26 | 51,58 | 58 | C > V | E-Sec | 116 | 39,59,40 | 39,59,40 | C = V | L-Sec |
27 | 52,58 | 52 | C > V | L-Sec | 117 | 56,66,74 | 56,66,74 | C = V | L-Pro |
28 | 51,58,82 | 51,58,82 | C = V | E-Sec | 118 | 53,66 | 53 | C > V | L-Pro |
29 | 56,61,74 | 56,61,74 | C = V | E-Sec | 119 | 66 | 66 | C = V | Mens |
30 | 39,71 | 39,71 | C = V | L-Sec | 120 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Sec |
31 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro | 121 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro |
32 | 52,54,62,70,90 | 52,54,62,70,90 | C = V | L-Sec | 122 | 58 | 58 | C = V | L-Pro |
33 | 39,58 | 58 | C > V | E-Sec | 123 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro |
34 | 53,81,90 | 53,81,90 | C = V | L-Sec | 124 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Sec |
35 | 51 | Negative | N | E-Pro | 125 | 52 | Negative | N | L-Sec |
36 | 52 | Negative | N | E-Pro | 126 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Pro |
37 | 16 | Negative | N | L-Pro | 127 | 39,51,53,42 | 39,51,53,42 | C = V | E-Sec |
38 | 52,56 | 52,56 | C = V | E-Pro | 128 | 68 | 68 | C = V | E-Sec |
39 | 31 | 31 | C = V | L-Sec | 129 | 31 | Negative | N | E-Sec |
40 | 51,71 | 51,71 | C = V | E-Pro | 130 | 51,71 | 51,71 | C = V | E-Pro |
41 | 59,74 | 59,74 | C = V | E-Pro | 131 | 34 | 34 | C = V | L-Sec |
42 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec | 132 | 66,62,81 | 66,62,81 | C = V | L-Sec |
43 | 51,82 | 51,82 | C = V | L-Sec | 133 | 82,90 | 82,90 | C = V | Mens |
44 | 51 | Negative | N | E-Sec | 134 | 53 | 53 | C = V | L-Sec |
45 | 31,74 | 74 | C > V | E-Sec | 135 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Sec |
46 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec | 136 | 31 | 31 | C = V | L-Sec |
47 | 16 | 16 | C = V | L-Pro | 137 | 62,81,90 | 62,81,90 | C = V | E-Sec |
48 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Sec | 138 | 18 | Negative | N | L-Sec |
49 | 16,52,56 | 52,56 | C > V | E-Sec | 139 | 51 | 51 | C = V | E-Sec |
50 | 52,58 | 52 | C > V | E-Sec | 140 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Sec |
51 | 58,67 | 58,67 | C = V | E-Sec | 141 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Pro |
52 | 16,31,51,52,58,82,54,70 | 16,31,51,52,58, 82,54,70 | C = V | L-Pro | 142 | 51,82,62 | 51,82,62 | C = V | E-Sec |
53 | 52,6b | 52,6b | C = V | L-Pro | 143 | 51,74 | 74 | C > V | L-Pro |
54 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Sec | 144 | 53,40,62,81 | 53,40,62,81 | C = V | L-Sec |
55 | 53 | 53 | C = V | E-Sec | 145 | 16,39 | 16,39 | C = V | E-Sec |
56 | 52,40,81 | 52,40,81 | C = V | Mens | 146 | 67 | Negative | N | E-Sec |
57 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Sec | 147 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec |
58 | 56,66 | 56,66 | C = V | E-Sec | 148 | 56 | Negative | N | E-Pro |
59 | 52,62 | 52,62 | C = V | Mens | 149 | 51,82 | 51,82 | C = V | E-Sec |
60 | 51,53,54 | 51,53,54 | C = V | E-Pro | 150 | 31 | 31 | C = V | L-Pro |
61 | 56,34 | 34 | C > V | L-Pro | 151 | 51 | Negative | N | L-Sec |
62 | 16 | Negative | N | L-Sec | 152 | 31,51,52,58 | 31,58 | C > V | E-Pro |
63 | 16,66 | 16,66 | C = V | E-Sec | 153 | 53,74 | 53,74 | C = V | L-Sec |
64 | 52,58 | 52,58 | C = V | E-Pro | 154 | 66,40 | 40 | C > V | E-Sec |
65 | 52 | Negative | N | E-Pro | 155 | 16,66 | 16,66 | C = V | L-Sec |
66 | 51,82 | Negative | N | Mens | 156 | 31 | 31 | C = V | L-Pro |
67 | 82 | 82 | C = V | E-Sec | 157 | 58 | 58 | C = V | L-Pro |
68 | 68 | 68 | C = V | Mens | 158 | 31,90 | 31,90 | C = V | E-Sec |
69 | 45,59,53,62,66,67,81 | 45,59,53,62,66, 67,81 | C = V | L-Sec | 159 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Sec |
70 | 51 | 51 | C = V | L-Pro | 160 | 31,33,53,68 | 31,33,53,68 | C = V | E-Pro |
71 | 53 | 53 | C = V | L-Pro | 161 | 31,68,67 | 31,68,67 | C = V | E-Sec |
72 | 59,74 | 59,74 | C = V | E-Sec | 162 | 56 | 56 | C = V | L-Sec |
73 | 51,82 | 51 | C > V | L-Pro | 163 | 52 | 52 | C = V | L-Pro |
74 | 52 | Negative | N | E-Pro | 164 | 53 | 53 | C = V | L-Pro |
75 | 33,52 | 33 | C > V | E-Pro | 165 | 26,90 | 90 | C > V | L-Sec |
76 | 52 | 52 | C = V | E-Sec | 166 | 16 | 16 | C = V | E-Sec |
77 | 51,58 | 51 | C > V | L-Pro | 167 | 52,67,74,89 | 52,67,74,89 | C = V | L-Pro |
78 | 33 | 33 | C = V | L-Sec | 168 | 66,30 | 66,30 | C = V | E-Sec |
79 | 31,90 | 31,90 | C = V | L-Sec | 169 | 16 | 16 | C = V | E-Pro |
80 | 39,59,40 | 39,59,40 | C = V | E-Sec | 170 | 52,59 | 59 | C > V | E-Pro |
81 | 58 | 58 | C = V | E-Sec | 171 | 16,51,52,61 | 16,51,52,61 | C = V | E-Sec |
82 | 51,61,74 | 61,74 | C > V | E-Sec | 172 | 16 | 16 | C = V | E-Pro |
83 | 66 | 66 | C = V | E-Sec | 173 | 52,82 | 52,82 | C = V | Mens |
84 | 66,40 | 40 | C > V | E-Pro | 174 | 33,52 | Negative | N | E-Pro |
85 | 56 | Negative | N | L-Sec | 175 | 58 | 58 | C = V | L-Pro |
86 | 59 | 59 | C = V | E-Sec | 176 | 51 | 51 | C = V | E-Pro |
87 | 31,52,69,42,55,74 | 31,52,69,42,55, 74 | C = V | E-Sec | 177 | 82 | 82 | C = V | E-Sec |
88 | 52,67,74 | 52,67,74 | C = V | L-Sec | 178 | 18 | 18 | C = V | L-Pro |
89 | 16,52 | 16,52 | C = V | L-Pro | 179 | 66 | 66 | C = V | L-Sec |
90 | 52 | Negative | N | E-Pro | 180 | 18,31,52,59,67,55,74,90 | 31,52,67,55,74,90 | C > V | L-Sec |
Accumulation of Exfoliated Cells | |||
---|---|---|---|
Sufficient | Insufficient | ||
Menstrual phases | Frequencies | 9 | 2 |
Total percentage | 82% | 18% | |
Expected frequencies | 8.1 | 2.9 | |
Adjusted residual | 0.7 | −0.7 | |
Early proliferative phase | Frequencies | 16 | 15 |
Total percentage | 52% | 48% | |
Expected frequencies | 22.7 | 8.3 | |
Adjusted residual | −3.0 * | 3.0 * | |
Late proliferative phase | Frequencies | 27 | 7 |
Total percentage | 79% | 21% | |
Expected frequencies | 24.9 | 9.1 | |
Adjusted residual | 0.9 | −0.9 | |
Early secretory phases | Frequencies | 45 | 10 |
Total percentage | 82% | 18% | |
Expected frequencies | 40.3 | 14.7 | |
Adjusted residual | 1.7 | −1.7 | |
Late secretory phases | Frequencies | 35 | 14 |
Total percentage | 71% | 29% | |
Expected frequencies | 35.9 | 13.1 | |
Adjusted residual | −0.4 | 0.4 |
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Okodo, M.; Okayama, K.; Teruya, K.; Tanabe, K.; Ito, C.; Ishii, Y.; Fujii, M.; Kimura, H.; Oda, M. Effects of Menstrual Cycle on the Accumulation of Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cells Exfoliated from the Cervix That Drift into the Vagina. Microorganisms 2022, 10, 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040693
Okodo M, Okayama K, Teruya K, Tanabe K, Ito C, Ishii Y, Fujii M, Kimura H, Oda M. Effects of Menstrual Cycle on the Accumulation of Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cells Exfoliated from the Cervix That Drift into the Vagina. Microorganisms. 2022; 10(4):693. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040693
Chicago/Turabian StyleOkodo, Mitsuaki, Kaori Okayama, Koji Teruya, Kazumasa Tanabe, Chieko Ito, Yasuyoshi Ishii, Masahiko Fujii, Hirokazu Kimura, and Mizue Oda. 2022. "Effects of Menstrual Cycle on the Accumulation of Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cells Exfoliated from the Cervix That Drift into the Vagina" Microorganisms 10, no. 4: 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040693
APA StyleOkodo, M., Okayama, K., Teruya, K., Tanabe, K., Ito, C., Ishii, Y., Fujii, M., Kimura, H., & Oda, M. (2022). Effects of Menstrual Cycle on the Accumulation of Human Papillomavirus-Infected Cells Exfoliated from the Cervix That Drift into the Vagina. Microorganisms, 10(4), 693. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10040693