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Nanomaterials
Volume 15
Issue 3
10.3390/nano15030187
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Investigation on the Interaction of Dendritic Core Multi-Shell Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cells

by
Jakob Krauß
1,
Radostina Georgieva
1,2,
Miroslav Karabaliev
2,
Moritz Hackmann
1,
Pichayut Rerkshanandana
1,
Saranya Chaiwaree
1,3,
Ulrich Kalus
1,
Axel Pruß
1,
Yu Xiong
1 and
Hans Bäumler
1,3,*
1
Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
2
Department of Medical Physics, Biophysics & Radiology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
3
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Payap University Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2025, 15(3), 187; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030187
Submission received: 28 December 2024 / Revised: 18 January 2025 / Accepted: 23 January 2025 / Published: 24 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Biology and Medicines)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The use of nanoparticles is becoming increasingly apparent in a growing number of medical fields. To exploit the full potential of these particles, it is essential to examine their behavior in the blood and their possible interactions with blood cells. Dendritic core multi-shell DendroSol™ nanoparticles (DS-NPs) are able to penetrate into viable layers of human skin, but nothing is known about their interaction with blood cells. In the present study, we analyze the effect of DS-NPs on red blood cells (RBCs) using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), flow cytometry, sedimentation rate analysis, spectrophotometry, and hemolysis assays. DS-NPs labeled with Nile red (NR) were added to RBC suspensions and their accumulation in the area of the RBC membranes was demonstrated by CLSM as well as by flow cytometry. In the presence of DS-NPs, the RBCs show an increased sedimentation rate, which also confirms the binding of the NPs to the cells. Interestingly, in the presence of DS-NPs, the RBCs are stabilized against hypotonic hemolysis as well as against the hemolytic action of Triton X-100. This proven anti-hemolytic effect could be utilized to enhance the circulation time of RBCs loaded with drugs for prolonged sustained release and drug delivery with enhanced bioavailability.
Keywords: nanoparticles; erythrocytes; hemocompatibility; dendritic core multi-shell carrier; in vivo carriers nanoparticles; erythrocytes; hemocompatibility; dendritic core multi-shell carrier; in vivo carriers

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MDPI and ACS Style

Krauß, J.; Georgieva, R.; Karabaliev, M.; Hackmann, M.; Rerkshanandana, P.; Chaiwaree, S.; Kalus, U.; Pruß, A.; Xiong, Y.; Bäumler, H. Investigation on the Interaction of Dendritic Core Multi-Shell Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cells. Nanomaterials 2025, 15, 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030187

AMA Style

Krauß J, Georgieva R, Karabaliev M, Hackmann M, Rerkshanandana P, Chaiwaree S, Kalus U, Pruß A, Xiong Y, Bäumler H. Investigation on the Interaction of Dendritic Core Multi-Shell Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cells. Nanomaterials. 2025; 15(3):187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030187

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krauß, Jakob, Radostina Georgieva, Miroslav Karabaliev, Moritz Hackmann, Pichayut Rerkshanandana, Saranya Chaiwaree, Ulrich Kalus, Axel Pruß, Yu Xiong, and Hans Bäumler. 2025. "Investigation on the Interaction of Dendritic Core Multi-Shell Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cells" Nanomaterials 15, no. 3: 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030187

APA Style

Krauß, J., Georgieva, R., Karabaliev, M., Hackmann, M., Rerkshanandana, P., Chaiwaree, S., Kalus, U., Pruß, A., Xiong, Y., & Bäumler, H. (2025). Investigation on the Interaction of Dendritic Core Multi-Shell Nanoparticles with Human Red Blood Cells. Nanomaterials, 15(3), 187. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15030187

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