This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Rubus Coreanus Enhances Peri-Implant Bone Healing and Biomineralization in Ovariectomized and Healthy Rats
by
, , , ,
Naara Gabriela Monteiro
1
,
Odir Nunes de Oliveira-Filho
1,
Maria Isabela Lopes Gandolfo
1,
Ana Cláudia Ervolino da Silva
1,
Letícia Pitol-Palin
1,
Paulo Roberto Botacin
2,
Gabriel Mulinari-Santos
2,*,
Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista
1 and
Roberta Okamoto
2,*
1
Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araçatuba 16015-050, Brazil
2
Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Araçatuba 16066-840, Brazil
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biology 2025, 14(2), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14020139
Submission received: 29 December 2024
/
Revised: 23 January 2025
/
Accepted: 28 January 2025
/
Published: 29 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Insights of Bone Repair: Strategies for Improvement, Microscopic, Molecular and Ultrastrastructural Aspects)
Simple Summary
This study explored the impact of Rubus coreanus (RC) on peri-implant bone healing in rats with and without estrogen deficiency. The rats were divided into four groups: healthy (SHAM), healthy with RC treatment (SHAM/RC), ovariectomized (OVX), and ovariectomized with RC treatment (OVX/RC). RC was given 30 days after ovariectomy, with implant placement occurring 90 days later. The results showed that RC treatment improved bone healing, with the SHAM/RC group exhibiting the highest bone biomineralization and removal torque. RC also helped balance bone formation and resorption in the ovariectomized rats. These findings suggest that RC can enhance peri-implant bone healing in both healthy and ovariectomized rats, with hormonal status influencing its effectiveness. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms.
Abstract
Estrogen deficiency contributes to osteoporosis and can therefore compromise the peri-implant bone. Hence, this study evaluated peri-implant bone healing when Rubus coreanus (RC) was administered orally in ovariectomized and healthy rats. Forty 4-month-old female rats were divided into four groups: SHAM (healthy rats), SHAM/RC (healthy rats treated with RC), OVX (ovariectomized rats), and OVX/RC (ovariectomized rats treated with RC). The oral administration of RC started thirty days after ovariectomy, and implant placement into the rat tibia occurred ninety days after the ovariectomy. Euthanasia occurred sixty days after implantation. The analyses performed included removal torque, RT-PCR, confocal microscopy, and immunolabeling. A significance level of p < 0.05 was considered for all tests. The highest reverse torque values were observed in the SHAM/RC group, followed by the OVX/RC group. Confocal microscopy showed the greatest bone biomineralization in the SHAM/RC group, followed by the OVX/RC group. RT-PCR data indicated that RC decreased the RANKL/OPG ratio in both conditions. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a balance between bone formation and resorption in all groups, especially stimulating osteoblastogenesis in both treated groups. In conclusion, RC enhanced peri-implant bone healing and biomineralization in both healthy and ovariectomized rats, with stronger effects in healthy rats, suggesting that estrogen may enhance its efficacy. These findings support RC’s potential as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent.
Keywords:
osteoporosis; bone; osseointegration; biomineralization; Rubus coreanus
