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Volume 14
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10.3390/ijgi14020044
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Spatial Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Growth in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam: Insights for Urban Sustainability in the Global South

by
Olabisi S. Obaitor
1,*,
Oluwafemi Michael Odunsi
2,
Thanh Bien Vu
1,
Lena C. Grobusch
1,
Michael Schultz
3,
Volker Hochschild
3,
Linh Nguyen Hoang Khanh
4 and
Matthias Garschagen
1
1
Human Environment Relations (HER), Department of Geography, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Luisenstr. 37, 80333 Munich, Germany
2
Interdisciplinary Geoinformation Sciences, Institute of Geography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universtätstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
3
Department of Geosciences, Institute of Geography, University of Tübingen, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
4
International School, Hue University, Hue City 0234, Vietnam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2025, 14(2), 44; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14020044
Submission received: 2 December 2024 / Revised: 15 January 2025 / Accepted: 22 January 2025 / Published: 25 January 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

Investigating the historical patterns of urban growth and their drivers is crucial to informing sustainable urban planning policies, especially in cities of the Global South. In Vietnam, most studies focus primarily on city extents, offering little insight into urban growth across various provinces. This study, therefore, combined categorical land use and land cover change detection, Random Forest classification and expert interviews to quantify the urban growth between 2000 and 2020, assess urban encroachment upon other land uses, and identify key drivers shaping this growth in Thua Thien Hue province. Findings show that the urban land areas were 27.94 km2, 82.97 km2, and 209.80 km2 in 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively. Urban encroachment upon other land use types, especially cropland, barren land, rice paddies, shrubs, and forests, was observed in these periods. Additionally, accessibility to built-up areas, DEM, proximity to rice paddies, slope, proximity to street roads, accessibility to social areas, and proximity to cropland are the major spatial drivers of urban growth in the province. The study concludes that rapid urban expansion is evident in the province at the expense of other land use types, especially agricultural land use types, which may impact food security and livelihoods in the province.
Keywords: urbanization; urban encroachment; land use land cover; geospatial analysis; Thua Thien Hue province urbanization; urban encroachment; land use land cover; geospatial analysis; Thua Thien Hue province

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MDPI and ACS Style

Obaitor, O.S.; Odunsi, O.M.; Vu, T.B.; Grobusch, L.C.; Schultz, M.; Hochschild, V.; Khanh, L.N.H.; Garschagen, M. Spatial Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Growth in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam: Insights for Urban Sustainability in the Global South. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2025, 14, 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14020044

AMA Style

Obaitor OS, Odunsi OM, Vu TB, Grobusch LC, Schultz M, Hochschild V, Khanh LNH, Garschagen M. Spatial Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Growth in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam: Insights for Urban Sustainability in the Global South. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2025; 14(2):44. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14020044

Chicago/Turabian Style

Obaitor, Olabisi S., Oluwafemi Michael Odunsi, Thanh Bien Vu, Lena C. Grobusch, Michael Schultz, Volker Hochschild, Linh Nguyen Hoang Khanh, and Matthias Garschagen. 2025. "Spatial Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Growth in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam: Insights for Urban Sustainability in the Global South" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 14, no. 2: 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14020044

APA Style

Obaitor, O. S., Odunsi, O. M., Vu, T. B., Grobusch, L. C., Schultz, M., Hochschild, V., Khanh, L. N. H., & Garschagen, M. (2025). Spatial Dynamics and Drivers of Urban Growth in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam: Insights for Urban Sustainability in the Global South. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 14(2), 44. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi14020044

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