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Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with Valparaiso University (ValpoScholar).
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Article

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Outcomes in Acute Endophthalmitis

by
Ana Maria Dascalu
1,2,
Sanda Jurja
3,
Carmen Luminita Mocanu
4,
Cristina Alexandrescu
1,2,
Daniela Stana
2,
Madalina Totir
1,2,
Ece Ergin
2,
Corneliu Tudor
1,5,*,
Catalin Cicerone Grigorescu
6,*,
Dragos Serban
1,5,
Laurentiu Simion
1,7,
Dan Dumitrescu
1,5,
Andrei Marin
1,8,
Catalin Teodor Constantinescu
9 and
Bogdan Mihai Cristea
1
1
Faculty of General Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
3
Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanta, Romania
4
Faculty of Medicine, Craiova University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
5
Fourth Department of General Surgery, Emergency University Hospital Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
6
Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, Bucharest, Romania
7
Department of Surgical Oncology, Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu Institute of Oncology, Bucharest, Romania
8
Department of Plastic Surgery, St. Ioan Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
9
Department of Urology, Emergency County Hospital of Pitesti, Pitesti, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mind Med. Sci. 2024, 11(2), 475-481; https://doi.org/10.22543/2392-7674.1554
Submission received: 16 February 2024 / Revised: 16 March 2024 / Accepted: 21 April 2024 / Published: 31 October 2024

Abstract

Endophthalmitis incidence and clinical characteristics was reported to change during COVID-19 pandemic, due to multiple influencing factors, such as prolonged lockdown periods, persistent immune suppression following SARS-CoV-2 infection, and mask wearing. We conducted a retrospective eight-year study, during January 2016 and December 2023, that aims to investigates the differences in terms of etiology, clinical characteristics and outcomes in cases with acute endophthalmitis, admitted before (2016–2019) and during COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023). The two study subgroups were homogenous in term of age, gender distribution, associated comorbidities, and addressability. During COVID-19 pandemic there were significant delays in presentation (p = 0.02), more cases of endogenous endophthalmitis (p = 0.025), and patients presented a more intense systemic inflammatory reaction (p < 0.01). Moreover, undiagnosed cases of diabetes were more frequent in pandemic group, and were associated with endogenous endophthalmitis (59.3% vs. 16.6%, p < 0.001). The were differences in etiology between the two subgroups, the first cases of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae endogenous endophthalmitis reported in our center. The outcomes were comparable in terms of hospital stay and rate of evisceration. However, the visual function was worse in the pandemic group, which may be correlated with the specific differences in etiology and delayed presentation. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of large spectrum antibiotherapy are essential to preserve vision.
Keywords: endophthalmitis; COVID-19; outcomes; hypervirulent; Klebsiella pneumoniae; intravitreal antibiotherapy endophthalmitis; COVID-19; outcomes; hypervirulent; Klebsiella pneumoniae; intravitreal antibiotherapy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Dascalu, A.M.; Jurja, S.; Mocanu, C.L.; Alexandrescu, C.; Stana, D.; Totir, M.; Ergin, E.; Tudor, C.; Grigorescu, C.C.; Serban, D.; et al. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Outcomes in Acute Endophthalmitis. J. Mind Med. Sci. 2024, 11, 475-481. https://doi.org/10.22543/2392-7674.1554

AMA Style

Dascalu AM, Jurja S, Mocanu CL, Alexandrescu C, Stana D, Totir M, Ergin E, Tudor C, Grigorescu CC, Serban D, et al. Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Outcomes in Acute Endophthalmitis. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences. 2024; 11(2):475-481. https://doi.org/10.22543/2392-7674.1554

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dascalu, Ana Maria, Sanda Jurja, Carmen Luminita Mocanu, Cristina Alexandrescu, Daniela Stana, Madalina Totir, Ece Ergin, Corneliu Tudor, Catalin Cicerone Grigorescu, Dragos Serban, and et al. 2024. "Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Outcomes in Acute Endophthalmitis" Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences 11, no. 2: 475-481. https://doi.org/10.22543/2392-7674.1554

APA Style

Dascalu, A. M., Jurja, S., Mocanu, C. L., Alexandrescu, C., Stana, D., Totir, M., Ergin, E., Tudor, C., Grigorescu, C. C., Serban, D., Simion, L., Dumitrescu, D., Marin, A., Constantinescu, C. T., & Cristea, B. M. (2024). Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Outcomes in Acute Endophthalmitis. Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences, 11(2), 475-481. https://doi.org/10.22543/2392-7674.1554

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