Impact of Gas Metal Arc Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and Material Distortion of AISI 316L
Round 1
Reviewer 1 Report
I have read your article „Impact of MIG Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and 2 Material Distortion of AISI 316L” and there are some remarks which are listed below:
1. Line 20: 8V-Very low voltage.
2. Line 36: It is MIG (I-inert), so why active gases?
3. Lines 107-108: It is not true, such combination is an active gases.
4. Lines 138-144: Figure 1. Symbols in Fig.1 are too small.
5. Lines 175-176: Table 1 Is it a chemical composition from some standard? If yes, please add it.
6. Lines 184: Figure 3: The anatomy of a workpiece????
7. Lines 195-196: Table 3 It is definitely NOT a MIG welding. Such mixture is characteristic for special MAG welding, called T.I.M.E.
8. Lines 202-203: Table 4 How is it possible, such low value of the voltage?
9. Lines 206-212: Point 3.1 Visual inspection-It should be moved to the "methodology" chapter.
10. Lines 215-216: Please explain why you used samples 10, 13,14 and 18 instead of 1,2,....,9?
11. Line 244: Figure 4 Is it a root or face? Please indicate it.
12. Lines 276-286: Figure 5 Please do not connect points on the graph.
13. Lines 313-323: Figure 6 Please do not connect points on the graph.
14. Lines 360-368: Figure 7 Please do not connect points on the graph.
15. Line 614: Conclusions:
- there is no macrograph of the welded sample,
- Authors used MIG instead of MAG welding,
- the voltage values are discussed.
Comments for author File: 
Comments.pdf
Author Response
- Line 20: 8V very low voltage
Response:
It is not a very low voltage because the sheet metal is 5 mm thick. However, when working with AISI316L stainless steel and using a 1mm Filler wire diameter, using more than 12 volts would result in an unstable arc welding."
- Line 36: It is MIG (I-inert), so why active gases?
Response:
Active gases can react with molten metal, providing additional benefits such as increased penetration and better arc stability. Using a combination of active and inert gases in welding processes, such as MAG welding, provides several benefits. Active gases, like CO2, increase penetration, enhance arc stability, and improve bead shape.
- Lines 107-108: It is not true, such combination is an active gas.
Response:
The sentence has been modified.
- Lines 138-144: Figure 1. Symbols in Fig.1 are too small.
Response:
The symbol size has been modified.
- Lines 175-176: Table 1 Is it a chemical composition from some standard? If yes, please add it.
Response:
The chemical composition has been added.
- Lines 184: Figure 3: The anatomy of a workpiece????
Response:
Figure 3 title has been modified.
- Lines 195-196: Table 3 It is definitely NOT a MIG welding. Such a mixture is characteristic for special MAG welding, called T.I.M.E.
Response:
The definitions have been modified for MAG welding.
- Lines 202-203: Table 4 How is it possible, such low value of the voltage?
Response:
If the voltage exceeds 12 volts, the arc welding will become unstable.
- Lines 206-212: Point 3.1 Visual Inspection-It should be moved to the "methodology" chapter.
Response:
The sentence has been modified.
- Lines 215-216: Please explain why you used samples 10, 13,14 and 18 instead of 1, 2,....,9?
Response:
The sentence has been modified to 1, 2, …….9.
- Line 244: Figure 4 Is it a root or face? Please indicate it.
Response:
The Samples Figure was the Face. (It has been modified).
- Lines 276-286: Figure 5 Please do not connect points on the graph.
Response:
The figure has been modified.
- Lines 313-323: Figure 6 Please do not connect points on the graph.
Response:
The figure has been modified.
- Lines 360-368: Figure 7 Please do not connect points on the graph.
Response:
The figure has been modified.
- Line 614: Conclusions: there is no macrograph of the welded sample,
Response:
There is no micrograph in this study. This study focuses on determining the optimal welding parameters, which rely on experimental data obtained using a Verner caliper. The project is still running and will consider this in the next publication.
- Authors used MIG instead of MAG welding.
Response:
The sentence has been modified.
- the voltage values are discussed.
Response:
As mentioned before.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 2 Report
Dear Authors,
I have reviewed your paper titled: "Impact of MIG Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and Material Distortion of AISI 316L".
The paper fulfils the aims and scope of JMMP , and can be considered for potential publication. I have some suggestions, which are listed below.
General remarks:
- Please add the quantitative results into the abstract.
- All equations should be supported with relevatn reference(s).
Introduction:
- You have presented factors affect distortion. However, I cannot find information about tack weld distribution, which also affects this tyoe of distortion, which was proved in http://casopisi.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/FUMechEng/article/view/6362
- Please underline the novelty of your worok. You should mark, which new aspects are presented in this paper.
Materials and Methods:
- Tables 1 and 2 - please mark the source of presented values. Have you tested these compositions? If yes, please describe used mthod. If values were taken from other paper/standard/manufacturer data, please add relevant information in the paper.
- Please describe why you have used mentioned filler material. Now, only (with chemical composition and mechanical properties).
- Please present the basic mechanical properties of used steel its name is listed.
- You have performed some NDTs. However, none methodology iss presented here. Moreover, e.g., VT is standarized test, but no info about used standard is presented.
Results and Discussion:
- In my opinion, VT results are nt enought to prove that performed joints were welded with proper parameters. None proof that inside imperfections are avoided, is presented in the paper. Please add e.g., macrographs. They could be used in showin the real eomethry of the weld.
Conclusions:
- Please support conclusions with the quantitative results.
Ok
Author Response
Reviewer 2:
- All equations should be supported with relevant reference(s).
Response:
the equations have the Reference [41].
- add the quantitative results into the abstract.
Response:
It has been added to the abstract.
Introduction: -
You have presented factors affect distortion. However, I cannot find information about tack weld distribution, which also affects this type of distortion, which was proved in http://casopisi.junis.ni.ac.rs/index.php/FUMechEng/article/view/6362
Response:
it has been added in the introduction.
Please underline the novelty of your work. You should mark which new aspects are presented in this paper.
Response:
It was mentioned in the introduction: There has been no earlier investigation into the bead geometry and distortion during MAG welding using quaternary shielding gas combinations. Furthermore, this study provides a better understanding of the physical properties of welding lines, AISI 316L behavior, and the identification of weld parameters for professionals and engineers.
Materials and Methods:
- Tables 1 and 2 - please mark the source of presented values. Have you tested these compositions? If yes, please describe used method. If values were taken from other paper/standard/manufacturer data, please add relevant information in the paper.
Response:
It has been added to the material and methods. (This study specifically focused on MAG welding, and the data were collected from the laboratories of the University of Science and Technology.)
- Please describe why you have used the mentioned filler material. Now, only (with chemical composition and mechanical properties).
Response:
It has been added to the (ER316L filler wire is a frequently employed material in welding tasks, specifically for connecting stainless steels. It provides commendable resistance against corrosion and exhibits notable tensile strength. The customary mechanical characteristics of ER316L filler wire consist of a tensile strength span of 550-690 MPa, yield strength ranging from 280-380 MPa, elongation in the range of 35-55%, impact toughness measuring between 50-100 J, and a hardness range between 150-220 HV.)
- Please present the basic mechanical properties of used steel in its name. - You have performed some NDTs. However, none methodology is presented here. Moreover, e.g., VT is standardized test, but no info about used standard is presented.
Response:
It has been added to the AISI316L material. (AISI 316L is a versatile stainless-steel alloy with excellent corrosion resistance. Its mechanical properties include a typical tensile strength range of 485-620 MPa, yield strength of 170-290 MPa, elongation of 30-50%, hardness ranging from 70-220 HB, and impact toughness of 50-100 J.)
Results and Discussion: - In my opinion, VT results are not enough to prove that performed joints were welded with proper parameters. None proof that inside imperfections are avoided, is presented in the paper. Please add e.g., macrographs. They could be used in showing the real geometry of the weld.
Response:
There is no micrograph in this study. This study focuses on determining the optimal welding parameters, which rely on experimental data obtained using a Verner caliper.
Conclusions: - Please support conclusions with the quantitative results.
Response:
it has been added.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 3 Report
Dear authors,
The submitted manuscript "Impact MIG Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and Material Distortion of AISI 316L" provides some valuable information. However regarding the abstract needs improvement and must be corrected, for instance, in line 40 where is described the extensive research only one reference is mentioned, you should connect the idea in order to include all the extensive research.
Line 49, it is not necessary the L's in 316L.
Line 50, it is important to mention the work but how about the results, why are they important to mention them in this contribution.
Line 162, specify if is a manual, semiautomatic or automatic machine. Describe better the welding speed, if it was manual, how can you control that variable at the taguchi method. Is important to describe whether a position of welding was employed, and if they based the study by using any standard.
Line 175, percentage of wt. (weight)? or atomic?
Line 191, in the title is described as a MIG process, but you are using both inert and active gas in the same mixture. I don't think is suitable to name it as MIG process.
Line 198, an important factor to evaluate distortion and shrinkage is heat input. Can you justified how it was not considered to make some calculations. Do you think heat input is important?
Author needs to interpret the data more critically to improve the scientific soundness of the manuscript. Nevertheless, the manuscript has to be polished strongly concerning technical English language. Authors should include all the clarifications and responses to the queries in the revised manuscript.
The manuscript has to be polished strongly concerning technical English language.
Author Response
Reviewer 3:
The submitted manuscript "Impact MIG Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and Material Distortion of AISI 316L" provides some valuable information. However, regarding the abstract needs improvement and must be corrected, for instance, in line 40 where is described the extensive research only one reference is mentioned, you should connect the idea in order to include all the extensive research.
Response:
It has been modified in the introduction.
Line 49, it is not necessary the L's in 316L.
Response:
It has been modified.
Line 50, it is important to mention the work but how about the results, why are they important to mention them in this contribution?
Response:
It has added their contributions.
Line 162, specify if is a manual, semiautomatic or automatic machine. Describe better the welding speed, if it was manual, how can you control that variable at the Taguchi method. Is important to describe whether a position of welding was employed, and if they based the study by using any standard.
Response:
The welding machine, specifically the CEA Compact 410, was operated in a manual mode, with a skilled welder controlling the process. The welding speed was kept constant and did not factor into the relationship analyzed using the Taguchi method.
Line 175, percentage of wt. (weight)? or atomic?
Response:
It has been modified (Weight percent)
Line 191, in the title is described as a MIG process, but you are using both inert and active gas in the same mixture. I don't think is suitable to name it as MIG process.
Response:
It has been modified to MAG process.
Line 198, an important factor to evaluate distortion and shrinkage is heat input. Can you justify how it was not considered to make some calculations. Do you think heat input is important?
Response:
It directly affects the thermal expansion, contraction, and deformation of the material. While the specific consideration of heat input may vary depending on the study or calculations, the Taguchi method allows for the evaluation of multiple factors and their interactions. Researchers may choose to focus on other variables deemed more influential in their specific study. Nevertheless, heat input control is crucial for achieving desired welding outcomes and minimizing distortion and shrinkage.
- The manuscript has to be polished strongly concerning technical English language.
Response:
The manuscript has been proofread carefully and all typos have been corrected.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Round 2
Reviewer 1 Report
Impact of GMAW Welding Parameters on Bead Geometry and 2 Material Distortion of AISI 316L_V2
Line 11: There is no MIG Welding in this manuscript. When you use even small amount of active gas (e.g. O2 or CO2) you have MAG proces.
Line 13: Pleas use the composition of shielding gases instead of combination.
Line 24: Have you measured such small angular distortion?
Line 25: With which device you measured with such accuracy?
Line 29: Only „MAG”.
Line 34: Here is still MiG welding…
Line 54: But TIG (or GTA) welding used as comparison to GMA is a little bit abuse; it is a completely different type of welding.
Line 88: Please expalin what is „H” and what is „W”.
Line 159: There is no mark of the angular distortion.
Lines 164-165: Which University?
Lines 176-179: From where you have such values? Are they made by Authors ora are taken from the standard? Moreover, the unit of the impact toughness is J/cm2.
Line 180: Table 1: Own analysis or values from the astandard? S-0.001-maybe 0.01?
Libne 195: Table 2:The same as in Table 1. Percentage (%)-wt.
Line 202: Table 3: The composition of gas mixtures are relatively close to the ones used in T.I.M.E welding.
Line 209: Table 4: Steel: This columns could be delete (316L steel is a base material in these whole investigation).
Line 262: Figure 5: It is a plot of the average values- where are the standard deviation values (or bars)?
Line 290: Figure 6: The same as on the Fig.5.
Line 297: It is „theta” (greek letter),it is not degree designation.
Line 507: Figure 14: According to this scheme, there were 3 measurements of the transverse shrinkage and angular distortion-so why on the figures with its values there were no standard deviation?
Comments for author File: Comments.pdf
Author Response
thank you for your valuable comments. All of your comments are considered.
Author Response File: Author Response.pdf
Reviewer 2 Report
Paper has been improved, and could be published.
Author Response
thank you for your efforts.
Reviewer 3 Report
Dear Authors.
No additional comments. Thanks for your response.
Author Response
Thank you for your efforts.
Round 3
Reviewer 1 Report
Unfortunately, Authors still did not make corrections, which were marked in previous reviews:
- Fig. 2 - there is no mark how the angular distortion is assess
- the volatega value is very low - why? Please explain it
- there is no information about measurements equipment which were used to determine angular distortion and transverse shrinkage with such accuracy
- Figs. 5 - 8: the values of standard deviation are out of range of the average values in some examples.
Summarizing, it is a third round of the review. Still there are major errors, which could be a clear sing to reject this manuscript.
Author Response
We would like to thank the reviewers for their time and constructive comments, please see the attached file.
Author Response File: 
Author Response.docx
