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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Entry

Poverty, Allostasis, and Chronic Health Conditions: Health Disparities Across the Lifespan

by
Val Livingston
1,*,
Breshell Jackson-Nevels
1,
Erica Brown-Meredith
1,
Alexis Campbell
1,
Brandon D. Mitchell
1,
Candace Riddley
2,
Alicia O. Tetteh
1,
Velur Vedvikash Reddy
1 and
Aquila Williams
1
1
The Ethelyn R. Strong School of Social Work, Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA
2
School of Social Work, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Encyclopedia 2025, 5(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010016
Submission received: 5 November 2024 / Revised: 20 January 2025 / Accepted: 24 January 2025 / Published: 27 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Behavioral Sciences)
Versions Notes

Definition

Definition: Poverty is an important social determinant of health disparities across the lifespan. Poverty also influences other life challenges such as pecuniary instability, food insecurity, housing instability, educational inequality, and limited career mobility. According to the World Bank, more than 700 million people worldwide live in global poverty, surviving on less than USD 2.15 a day. Poverty may also be viewed as a state of deprivation that limits access to resources that address basic needs (i.e., food, water, shelter, clothing, health), limiting an individual’s opportunity to participate optimally in society. A large body of research has identified a positive relationship between poverty and chronic health concerns such as heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, kidney problems, liver problems, cancer, and hypertension. This entry examines health disparities associated with economic status, discrimination, racism, stress, age, race/ethnicity, gender, gender identity, and nationality from a social justice perspective.
Keywords: health disparities; allostasis; chronic stress; chronic health concerns; poverty; discrimination health disparities; allostasis; chronic stress; chronic health concerns; poverty; discrimination

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Livingston, V.; Jackson-Nevels, B.; Brown-Meredith, E.; Campbell, A.; Mitchell, B.D.; Riddley, C.; Tetteh, A.O.; Reddy, V.V.; Williams, A. Poverty, Allostasis, and Chronic Health Conditions: Health Disparities Across the Lifespan. Encyclopedia 2025, 5, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010016

AMA Style

Livingston V, Jackson-Nevels B, Brown-Meredith E, Campbell A, Mitchell BD, Riddley C, Tetteh AO, Reddy VV, Williams A. Poverty, Allostasis, and Chronic Health Conditions: Health Disparities Across the Lifespan. Encyclopedia. 2025; 5(1):16. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Livingston, Val, Breshell Jackson-Nevels, Erica Brown-Meredith, Alexis Campbell, Brandon D. Mitchell, Candace Riddley, Alicia O. Tetteh, Velur Vedvikash Reddy, and Aquila Williams. 2025. "Poverty, Allostasis, and Chronic Health Conditions: Health Disparities Across the Lifespan" Encyclopedia 5, no. 1: 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010016

APA Style

Livingston, V., Jackson-Nevels, B., Brown-Meredith, E., Campbell, A., Mitchell, B. D., Riddley, C., Tetteh, A. O., Reddy, V. V., & Williams, A. (2025). Poverty, Allostasis, and Chronic Health Conditions: Health Disparities Across the Lifespan. Encyclopedia, 5(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia5010016

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